Civilization

1
Civilization

• Civilization is defined as a complex culture with
  five characteristics
• 1. Advanced cities.
• 2. Specialized workers.
• 3. Complex institutions.
• 4. Record keeping.
• 5. Advanced technology.

Atlanta?
2
Advanced Cities

• Advanced cities were the birthplace of the first
  civilizations.
• Size of population did not distinguish a city
  from a village.
• Difference between a city and village was a city
  was the center of trade.

3
Specialized Workers

• As cities grew, the need for specialized workers
  grew.
• Specialization was the development of skills in
  specific kinds of work
• Artisans were skilled workers that made goods by
  hand.
• Specialization helped artisans develop tools and
  weapons.

4
Complex Institutions

• An institution is a long-lasting organization.
• Growing populations made long-lasting
  institutions necessary.
• Complex institutions were developed for
  government, the economy, and religion.

5
Record Keeping

• Early civilizations recognized the need to keep
  records.
• Government officials had to document
• 1. Tax collection.
• 2. Laws.
• 3. Grain storage.

6
Improved Technology

• New tools and techniques were developed to make
  tasks easier.
• Examples of improved technology
• 1. Ox-drawn plows.
• 2. Irrigation systems..
• 3. Potters wheels.

7
Sumer

• Mesopotamia means land between the rivers.
• Sumer was a historical region located in
  Mesopotamia.
• Sumer is considered the cradle of
  civilization.
• Ur was one of the earliest cities in Sumer.

8
Sumerian Scribes

• A scribe was a professional record keeper.
• Sumerian scribes invented cuneiform, a
  wedge-shaped writing system of pictographs.

9
Bronze Age

• Bronze Age refers to the time when bronze
  replaced copper tools and weapons.
• Bronze is made by melting copper and tin
  together.
• 2500 BC. Sumerian artisans used bronze to make
  tools and weapons.

10
Ur

• Early city in Sumer.
• Agricultural based economy.
• Barter system of trade.

11
Ziggurat

• Pyramid structure.
• Means mountain of god.
• Center of city life.

12
Car Tag

• Your are tasked to help generate revenue for the
  government.
• Create a car tag covering either
• a. Advanced Cities.
• b. Specialized Workers.
• c. Complex Institutions.
• d. Record Keeping.
• e. Advanced Technology.