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pictures and. maybe a correlated standard image processing SW is running. ... Cars, Animals, People, Aircrafts, Clouds, Shadows, Air turbulences, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Folie 1


1
Automated Wildland Fire Detection with AWFS
Wildland Fire Detection Workshop FERIC Hinton,
Alberta June 6-8, 2006 Presented by Joachim
Dreibach Fire Watch AG
2
Automated Wildland Fire Detection with AWFS
  • Introduction Methods of detection
  • Automated detection of smoke
  • Parameters
  • How it Works
  • System Overview
  • Extended and Additional Applications
  • Summary

3
Automated Wildland Fire Detection with AWFS
  • 1. Methods of Detection
  • Lookout Towers with human resources
  • - Reliability, human factors ( thickness, sleep,
    concentration.. )
  • Aircraft surveillance
  • - expensive, time frame between trials
  • Video-based systems
  • - handling, human factors , technology
  • Satellite
  • - very expensive, time factors

4
Automated Wildland Fire Detection with AWFS
  • Automated Smoke Detection Parameters
  • The early and precisely detection of wildfire
    with an automated
  • system is a complex task.
  • It far exceeds the use of a simple video camera
    which is taking
  • pictures and
  • maybe a correlated standard image processing SW
    is running.
  • Automated detection requires a reliable, precise
    recognition of
  • Events caused by a fire.
  • .

5
Automated Wildland Fire Detection with AWFS
  • Automated Smoke Detection Parameters
  • As smoke is one of the first visible sign for a
    starting fire,
  • it is an preferred parameter for the automated
    detection.
  • Automated detection must largely eliminate
    factors in the
  • observed areas, not correlated to a smoke cloud,
  • Automated detection shall submit additional
    information
  • like coordinates of fire, distance, information
    about type
  • and size.

6
Automated Wildland Fire Detection with AWFS
  • Disturbing factors for automatic detection
  • Moving Objects like
  • Cars, Animals, People, Aircrafts, Clouds,
    Shadows, Air turbulences,
  • Fixed Objects, but changing by influences like
  • Trees - moving by wind, Sun reflections on
    objects,
  • These factors demonstrate that an automated smoke
    detection requires
  • more than a commonly used image processing
    software to guarantee an
  • acceptable number of false alerts

7
Automated Wildland Fire Detection with AWFS
  • AWFS, How it works
  • This SW algorithm is based on a research program
    of the GFMC(UN)
  • The method and system are patented
  • by DLR (EP 0984413)
  • AWFS has been successfully applied for
  • 5 years with more than 100 installations
  • Detects smoke fast and efficiently up
  • to a distance of 40 km (depending on sight
    conditions).
  • Scanning Time 360 5-8min
  • AWFS has the capability for day and night
    detection.

Survived lightning strike 2006
8
Automated Wildland Fire Detection with AWFS
  • AWFS, how it works
  • To provide highest quality AWFS, is based on a
    Sensor
  • used for space missions and software algorithm
    developed within a EU
  • research program for forest fires.
  • The method involves an optical detector, rotating
    platform, an image
  • processing unit and a transmitter for local
    alerts.
  • Searching smoke in a spectrum around 620 nm using
    a filter with a small
  • bandwidth (to increase contrast ratios and cut
    off other colors not related
  • to smoke).
  • For the exclusion of the disturbing parameters,
    AWFS evaluates smoke
  • parameters by a series of independent features
    like
  • Shape, Brightness Dynamics, Expansion, S
    tructure
  • This reduces the numbers of false alerts but
    ensures safe detection.

9
AWFS, How It Works
  • Each image is analyzed pixel by
  • pixel to identify the portions of
  • images corresponding to the smoke
  • criteria of shape, contrast, dynamics,
  • expansion and brightness.
  • The portions identified on three
  • images are then compared in order to
  • analyze any move in the targeted
  • portions.
  • If the system construes it as smoke
  • emanating from a fire, it sends an
  • alarm signal to the supervision/control
  • system.

10
How It Works - Sensor Operations
11
  • The long way to develop a Smoke Detection
    System.
  • Headed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR)
    ground, satellite and aircraft based systems for
    fire monitoring have been studied since 1992
  • Development and tests of aircraft based payload
    ABAS (IR and optical line cameras, onboard
  • processing)
  • Development and operating the microsatellite
    (BIRD) for fire recognition (launch in 2001
  • Development and tests of main components of the
    tower based FIRE-WATCH technology
  • 1996 initial contacts with German forest
    authorities
  • 1997 first tests with different sensors
    (optical and IR camera
  • development of the detection software
  • 1997 EU tender by the forest authorities of
    the state of Brandenburg
  • for a pilot project was released
  • 1998 successful demonstration of FIRE-WATCH,
    tender was awarded to DLR
  • 1999 - 2000 pilot project (parallel with
    conventional monitoring)
  • 2001 - 2002 FIRE-WATCH became fully operational
  • 2002 after a selection process of the entire
    technology IQ wireless GmbH,
  • with a license for the German marked only,
    was installing 120 Systems in Germany

12
System Overview
13
Key Parts of AWFS
Mobile Applications North Finder GPS Unit
Sensor Unit
Pan and tilt head with special sensor
CameraTower 1
IPU Image Processing Unit with lightning
protection
CameraTower 2
Telemetry Unit Point to Point, Satellite, ISDN
APU Autonomous Power Unit H2 500 watt fuel cell
14
Core Software Modules
  • Image Processing Software
  • Complex analysis of typical smoke characteristics
    (color, brightness, dynamics, structure and
    expansion)
  • Normalization, filtering, matching, cluster
    search algorithm and probability assessment
  • Automatic cloud reduction
  • Programmable parameter settings for sensitivity
  • Alerts in the event of smoke detection
  • Values implemented based on a UN research program
  • Control Office
  • Displaying of up to 5 towers to one 19 Monitor
    (connectable up to 64Sensors)
  • Communicates the alert information from the tower
  • Evaluation of alarm data by special software
    tools (zoom, filters, contrast, continuous fire
    observations)
  • Evaluation of transmitted images by an operator
  • Computer aided alarm handling
  • Archiving of data and actions of operator into a
    data base

15
Control Office

16
Control Office
17
Alert
Alert 16km from sensor position
18
Live sequence
19
Event Monitoring
Continuously monitoring of an event while
continuing to survey area By requesting life
sequence images from selected area of
interest. Optional color images for monitoring an
area of interest and classifying the smoke to
manage the resources
Database
Archiving of all collected data, operation tasks
as well as system status information in databases
for long term documentation and training.
20
3. Extended and Additional Applications
  • Mobile Units
  • Comand Center, controlling several Offices
  • Forecast fire propagation
  • Meteorological data
  • Ecological data
  • With GPS unit locate ground assets on map
  • Vehicles and personnel
  • Communicate with Air and Ground Assets
  • Send map and ground asset data to aircraft
  • Advise Ground assets of impending air drop

21
  • 4. Summary
  • FIRE-WATCH is a highly specialized tower based
    system with a CCD-camera and sophisticated
    software for the early recognition of forest
    fires that has been tested and optimized for more
    than 8 years.
  • FIRE-WATCH technology has been installed in
    Germany since 2001 and has fulfilled the
    expectations of the clients. In the moment 120
    systems are operational. In many regions it has
    completely replaced manual surveillance from
    lookouts.
  • At conditions as prescribed in Germany,
    FIRE-WATCH is less expensive (savings of 20)
    and faster compared with the traditional
    monitoring from lookouts by trained staff and
    with aircraft monitoring.
  • Presently the system is equipped with additional
    components to make it ready for other countries
    with other conditions.

22
ContactFire Watch AGChristian Raboud
CMOKehrstrasse 12CH-3904 NatersSwitzerlandPho
ne 41 27 922 0804Fax 41 41 922
0805info_at_fire-watch.ch
Location
Thank you for your attention. Dont hesitate to
request additional information.

23
Typical Installations
24
Additional Application Fire Propagation C2I
Center
Implementation of a Fire Propagation
Software Meteorological data from a sensor site
like Temperature Wind speed Wind
direction Humidity Air pressure at ground
level GPS data Time
25
Additional Application 3D - C2I Center
Implementation of AWFS Data onto a 3D Digital
map Information about Identification of
Resources Position of Resources Movement of
Resources Strategic Coordination of
Resources Identification of Fire Position
26
System Components
27
System Components
28
System Components
Meteorological Sensor Temperature, Wind speed,
Wind direction Humidity, Precipitation
(Rain) Air pressure at ground level,
Illumination
29
Business Partners
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt e.V.
(German Aerospace Center)
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