Traffic Management

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Transportation
Management Plans
EFFECTIVENESS STUDY
Robert_Copp_at_dot.ca.gov
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PREVIOUS SUCCESSES

• OLYMPIAD XXIII - 1984
• Projections of Huge Traffic Jams /
• Images of Stranded Tourists Missing Events
• Residents Scared into Leaving Town
• Los Angeles Praised -Great Planning!

People are Resilient AND Resourceful!

• SAN FRANCISCO EARTHQUAKE - 1989
• No Advance Warning
• Motorists / Congestion Disappeared
• Diversions Did Not Account for Total
• Where Did They All Go??
• San Francisco Praised - Great Work!

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STUDY PURPOSE

• Evaluate District compliance with Guidelines
• Evaluate Typical Measures of Effectiveness
• Determine Most Effective Strategies
• Evaluate Cost versus Benefit
• Establish Lessons Learned
• Formulate Recommendations to Improve
• TMP Process / Modify Guidelines

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Caltrans Mission
To Improve MobilityAcross California
8 of 15 of the Most Congested Cities are in
California
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DEPUTY DIRECTIVE 60 (Eff. 2000)
Construction
Special Events
WHATS THE POLICY?
Maintenance
Encroachment Permits
Caltrans commitment is to Minimize motorist
delays for ALL activities on the State highway
system without compromising public or worker
safety, or the quality of the work being
performed.
100 Compliance
..but with Varying Levels of Treatment..
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TMP CATEGORIES STRATEGIES

• Major TMP (5 of Projects)

• Blanket TMP

Minor TMP (Majority)

• Significant impacts
  caused by work
• Multiple TMP strategies
• Multiple contracts

• Minimal impacts caused by work
• Lane closure charts required
• Some mitigation measures required

• No expected delays
• Off peak
• Low volume roads
• Moving lane closures

Portable CMS, FSP, TMT, Off-peak hours
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Six TMP Strategies

• P
• M
• I
• C
• D
• A

ublic Information
otorist Information
ncident Management
onstruction Strategies
emand Management
lternate Routes
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How Would You Measure the Effectiveness of TMP
Strategies?
Traffic Volume Counts, Floating Car Runs, Queue
Lengths, Transit Ridership, Video Surveillance
..

• Overall Corridor
• Public Awareness
• Motorist Information
• Incident Management

Personal or Mail-in Surveys, No. of Calls or
Website Hits, Public Meeting Attendance ..
Personal or Mail-in Surveys, Traffic Observations
..
Accident Response / Removal Time, Pre- / Post-
Accident Rates ..
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Measurement of Effectiveness (Cont.)
Traffic Volume Counts, Floating Car Runs, Queue
Lengths, Lane Closures Set / Picked Up on Time ..

• Construction Strategies
• Demand Management
• Alternate Routes

Trip Mode Distribution, Park n Ride Lot
Usage, Carpooling Surveys, Employer Surveys ..
Traffic Volume Counts Floating Car
Runs, Origin/Destination Surveys ..
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Example of Corridor Effectiveness Results
District 07 I-10 Long-Life Pavement Project

• Vehicle Delay
• Traffic Volumes
• Length of Queues
• Safety

Pre-Const. Estimate 1,000,000 veh-hrs Actual
Delay 16,000 veh-hrs
Example
Traffic Demand on Interstate 10 was reduced by
57 (from 112,000 to 56,000 veh)
Initial Estimate 44 miles Actual Queue
Length 1.9 miles
No collisions or Employee injuries occurred in
the Work Zone
Project Characteristics - Fast-setting Hydraulic
Concrete - Closed 2 of 4 Lanes - Extended 55-Hour
Closures
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District 07 I-10 Long-Life Pavement Project
Actual Delay in Work Zone With TMP Strategies
Example
(Initial Projected Delay 1 Hour / Vehicle)
(Delay in minutes) Sat. Sun. Rte 30/Foothill
Blvd. 9 2 Arrow Highway 7 2
Holt Ave. 6 5 Mission Blvd.
3 2 Detour Rte 60 Freeway
20 34
Projected Delay
Actual Delay
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MOST EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES - PUBLIC AWARENESS
If you drive I-80, you might want to consider
an alternate route this morning..
Which way should we go today..?
Use HOV, Bus or Rail
Telecommute ..
Leave Earlier or Later ..
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Instead of saying Bridge Replacement Project
--...
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District 04 Central Freeway Replacement Project
Project Characteristics - Full-freeway Closure -
On- and Off-Ramps Closed - Extensive Public Info
Campaign
Example
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Effective Construction Strategies
LANE REQUIREMENT CHARTS

• - Based on 0 delay (Const.)
• - 5 -15 minutes Delay (Maint.)
• - According to District Traffic Managers -
  eliminates about 90 of potential delay
• PROBLEMS
• - Const. windows reduced
• - More Night work (Urban/Rural)
• - Comparative Quality?
• - Comparative Safety?

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Effective Construction Strategies (Cont.)

• CONSTRUCTION STAGING
• DELAY PENALTY -- Hammer for the RE to charge
  the Contractor () for late pick-up of the
  closure .
• EXTENDED CLOSURES (e.g. 55-Hour Weekends or
  72-Hour Weekdays)
• NARROW LANE WIDTHS or USE OF SHOULDERS (PEAK
  PERIOD)
• MOVEABLE BARRIERS
• CONTRAFLOW (Crossovers)
• CONTINGENCY PLANS (Redundancy)

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District 08 I-15 Devore PCCP Reconstruction
EXTENDED CLOSURE - Schedule, Cost Delay
Comparison
Project Characteristics - Full-Freeway Closed -
one direction - Extended 72-Hour Closures
Example
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District 05 Cuesta Grade Project
Effective Strategies -- Demand Management
Project Characteristics - Addition of NB / SB
Truck-Climbing Lanes - Addition of Eight-foot
Shoulders - Construction of massive Retaining
Walls
Example

• NO. OF PEAK HOUR TRIPS
• VAN POOL RIDERS
• BUS TRIPS
• PARK N RIDE USAGE

4 Average Reduction
313 Increase
38 increase
Strategy Cost 3,300,000
29 Increase
Strategy Cost 780,000
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District 04 Central Freeway Replacement Project
Alternate Route Strategies (Info obtained by
Survey)
Example
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District 11 I-5 / I-805 Widening Project
BENEFITS VS. COSTS??Bang for the Buck...
Project Characteristics - Const. Separate Freeway
Bypass - Const. of new Interchange / Auxiliary
Lanes
Example
Strategy Cost
COZEEP Cost 1,700,000
Goal - Increase Van, Carpools, Bus by 5 / Change
worktime by 2
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LESSONS LEARNED

• PUBLIC AWARENESS
• Newspapers
• TV News Spots
• ADVANCE SIGNAGE
• Before Decision Points
• On Preceding Weeks / Weekends
• ADHERE TO LANE REQMT CHARTS
• Real-Time Statusing is Needed
• Penalties for Late Lane Opening
• KEEP LANES OPEN
• Narrow Lane Widths
• Shoulder Usage during Peak

PUBLIC AWARENESS MOST Effective Strategies
facilitate Decision-Making by Driving Public to
avoid Work Zone
CONSTRUCTION Strategies are also very effective
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LESSONS LEARNED (cont.)

• CONSIDER OTHER STRATEGIES
• Extended Closures vs. Night Closures
• (Get in Stay in -- Get out Stay
  out!)
• Close Coordination w/ Locals (Detours, Signals)
• Shorten Contract Time through Incentives
• COST VS. BENEFIT
• on Work Zone Enforcement vs. Benefit ??
• on Brochures, Ads, Flyers, vs. Benefit ??
• (Media Coverage -- no cost for Major Projects)
• Costs of TMP Strategies vs. Delay costs
• OTHER ISSUES
• Truck Restrictions / Closures on Parallel Routes
• Cumulative Impacts due to Multiple Projects
• (Combine closures when advantageous)

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RECOMMENDATIONS

• STREAMLINE TMP PROCESS
• Blanket / Minor Projects (Standardized Forms)
• Major Projects (Brief, Standardized Reports)
• Critical Monitoring Activities - Delay Counts,
  Runs
• PROPOSED STUDIES
• Detailed TMP Effectiveness - Costs vs. Benefits
• Full-Freeway vs. Night Closures
• Enforcement Practices (Placement, etc.)
• MODIFY TMP GUIDELINES
• Standardize Monitoring Practices
• Standardize Reporting Practices
• Include Non-Motorized Considerations

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Transportation
Management Plans
QUESTIONS??
Robert_Copp_at_dot.ca.gov
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HANDOUTS

• TMP Process
• Relationship between Project
• Characteristics and TMP Strategies
• Sample Unit Costs for TMP Strategies
• TMP Strategies -- Unit cost Info
• Sample Worksheet -- Blanket TMP
• Sample Delay Calculations

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Relationship between Project Characteristicsand
Appropriate TMP Strategies
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Sample Unit Costs for TMP Strategies
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Sample Unit Costs for TMP Strategies (Cont.)
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Example
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Sample Delay Calculations
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