1' They search

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How does interplay between physical, ecological
social environments shape space and resource use
by chipmunks?
1. They search patrol a lot! Info
ignorance. 2. Neighbors not-strictly-competitive
non-zero-sum games, TFT
Getty, T. 1981. Territorial behavior of eastern
chipmunks (Tamias striatus) - encounter
avoidance and spatial time-sharing. Ecology
62915-921. Getty, T. 1987. Dear enemies and the
prisoners-dilemma - why should territorial
neighbors form defensive coalitions. Am. Zool.
27327-336.
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Cooperative nest defence in red-winged
blackbirds reciprocal altruism, kinship or
by-product mutualism? Olendorf, Getty and
Scribner Available online27 November 2003
Male red-winged blackbirds often cooperate with
their neighbours in defending nests against
predators such as crows. mobbing Nest defence
is costly and dangerous, so it should be tempting
to free-load. Biologists wonder why such
cooperation persists.
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Male red-winged blackbirds distrust unreliable
sexually attractive neighbors. Robert Olendorf,
Kim Scribner, Scott K. Robinson Thomas Getty
(2004))
In many species, territorial neighbours fight to
establish their mutual border and then
develop a truce, known as the dear-enemy
phenomenon, characterised by
reduced vigilance and aggression
along the border.
the dear-enemy relationship is a form of
reciprocal conditional cooperation that is
stabilised, at least in part, by retaliation
against cheaters.
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Male red-winged blackbirds distrust unreliable
and sexually attractive neighbors. Robert
Olendorf, Kim Scribner, Scott K. Robinson
Thomas Getty (2004))
The conditional decrease in vigilance and
aggression is tempered by each neighbours
probability of cuckolding the focal male.
Male red-winged blackbirds maintained
greater vigilance and aggression toward
sexually attractive neighbours that were
more successful at extra-pair fertilisations ...
Speaker playing song of neighbor at the
border the focal male above approaches
quickly, sings displays usually attacks the
speaker.
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Things are seldom what they seem, Skim milk
masquerades as cream Highlows pass as patent
leathers Jackdaws strut in peacock's feathers.
Black sheep dwell in every fold All that
glitters is not gold Sung by Little
Buttercup In H.M.S. Pinafore.
Lyrics by Sir W..S. Gilbert
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Discriminating dupes searching for models w/
aggressive mimics
(Kloock Getty ms)
Calypso bulbosa
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Natural Selection vs Sexual Selection?
Natural selection is about fitness which
depends on reproductive success which depends
on survival and reproduction given
survival. Sexual Selection is about access to
mating opportunities and it is one (nested)
component of Natural Selection
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How can we imagine that an inch in the tail of
the peacock, or ¼ inch in that of the Bird
of Paradise, would be noticed and preferred
by the female? Alfred Wallace, letter to Charles
Darwin, March 1868.
In regard to sexual selection. A girl sees a
handsome man, and without observing whether his
nose or whiskers are the tenth of an inch
longer or shorter than in some other man,
admires his appearance and says she will marry
him. So, I suppose, with the pea-hen .....
Charles Darwin, letter to Alfred Wallace, March
1868.
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What prevents cheating (ex all peacocks have big
tail)?
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The Theory of the Leisure Class T. B. Veblen
(1899)
Ch. 4. Conspicuous Consumption The
quasi-peaceable gentleman of leisure, then, not
only consumes of the staff of life beyond the
minimum required for subsistence and physical
efficiency the consumption of these more
excellent goods is an evidence of wealth ...
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Signaling is a life-history allocation problem
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Our hypothesis that parasite-host co-evolution
maintains heritable variation in fitness X is
contradicted if within a species preferred mates
have the most parasites.
Contrary to the expectations of Hamilton Zuk
(1982 pg 385) Our hypothesis is not
necessarily contradicted X if within a
species preferred mates have the most parasites.
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Natalie Dubois thesis project on mate
choice and parental investment in house wrens
Lindsey Walters has taken up
research on these wrens
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Fat, young blue males
Lean old green males
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"Here's looking at you kid"
NSF Proposal Context, biases, appearances and
gaze control in the
assessment of fleeting social partners. Our
overarching hypothesis is that facial expressions
are part of an adaptive, context-dependent
signaling system. One of our specific working
hypotheses is that facial expressions facilitate
the achievement of mutually beneficial
cooperation in certain low-risk contexts,
regardless of whether they are honest signals
of emotional engagement. A corollary (the
bounded irrationality hypothesis) is that
if the perceived risks (or benefits) of trust are
too high, no amount of smiling will be
effective (or necessary) and little effort
will be allocated to the visual assessment of
reliability. Gaze tactics should reveal the
perceived value of information in the faces
of social partners in various contexts.