Search

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Search Rescue

• Ins and Outs

Presented for use by Emory Arnold For
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Search and Rescue
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• Building Orientation
• Search Orientation
• Primary Secondary Search
• Search Methods
• Search Priorities
• Search Area Safety
• Rescue vs. Recovery
• Vent-Enter-Search
• Oriented Person Search
• Traditional Search
• Search Progress

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Building Orientation

• 360 Degree walk around before entering
• Mental Picture of _______________
• Doors/ Windows
• Fire Location/Smoke Conditions
• Is it occupied?
• CAN YOU GET OUT IF CONDITIONS WORSEN
• Structure type
• Residential/Public

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Building Orientation Cont.

• Occupancy
• Time of Day
• Type of Occupancy
• Vehicle in drive
• Bystanders or building occupants
• Questions if somebody is said to be inside
• Where were they last seen?
• How old are they?
• Physical or mental handicapped?

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Side A
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Side C
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Search Orientation

• What methods are used to stay oriented?
• Left Right Hand Search
• Search lines
• Used to anchor to objects that wont move
• How will partners stay in contact?
• Discuss landmarks (type of room or hazards)
• Voice contact in small room searches
• Using tools, rope, or actual contact

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Search Area Safety

• Evaluate structural stability
• Evaluate for backdraft or flashover conditions
• Continue to reevaluate the operations safety
• Determine Structure type, possibility of
  collapse, and life safety risk.
• Check integrity of the floor in front of you at
  all times
• Check overhead for high heat or flames
• Do not risk firefighter safety for victims who
  cannot be saved
• If visibility is poor, consider ventilation
  before entry
• Always have a search plan prior to entry

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Safe Search Priniciples

• Communications
• With command, team members, attack crews
• Accountability
• Look out for each other
• Team Work
• Air Supply
• Orientation
• Keep a mental picture of where you are.

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10 Commandments to Safe Primary Search and Rescue

1. Search with a partner
2. Conduct a thorough size up
3. Carry a tool and handlight
4. Use all of your PPE
5. Control the door
6. Have a plan
7. Stay in contact with a wall
8. Ensure people (IC) know where you are
9. Monitor fire conditions
10. Remain oriented

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Procedures for Conduction S/R

• What factors dictate location of Primary Search?
• What area of a building are searched first?
• What is the role of Thermal Imaging in Primary
  Secondary Search?
• What are the limitations of TICs?

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1 Firefighter Oriented in Hall
Rope Used to Extend Reach
Use Tools
Use tools to sweep under likely Hiding places.
TICs Save Time
Sound the Floor
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Rescue Vs. Recovery
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Primary Search

• Quick attempt to locate victims who are in
  danger.
• Time is critical
• Check all areas where victims might be.
• Rely on sight, sound, and touch
• Use hand tools to extend your reach
• Check probable areas that are tenable and safe
  for you to search quickly.

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Prioritizing Search Areas

• How do you determine where a search will begin?
• What areas will be searched first?
• How is time of day a factor in your search?
• What other factors are included in your decisions
  on where to search?

• Most severely threatened
• The largest numbers (groups)
• Remainder of fire area
• The exposed areas

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Search Priorities
What does the car tell you???
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Vent Enter - Search

• Ventilate
• Open up a small area of the structure as a
  bedroom by opening a window
• Enter
• Through the window and proceed immediately to the
  door and ensure the door is closed to protect
  from fire
• Search
• The room quickly and exit the way you came into
  the room

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V-E-S Safety

• Communicate with IC
• Always work with a partner
• Watch out for fire spread
• Check integrity of room surface before entry
• Have a hose line available
• Dont enter too close to fire or in path of fire
  spread unless you can exit quickly.

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Oriented Person Search Method

• Emphasizes team search methods
• Must have a predetermined plan and this must be
  practiced before use
• This method is ideal for use when small rooms are
  involved
• Search leader remains oriented to one place in
  structure
• On hose or rope line
• In entry way to room
• In hallway
• Oriented persons job is to guide the searching
  firefighter back to them
• Searching firefighter will use traditional search
  methods while working inside a room
• Right hand, left hand, quick primary search sweeps

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Traditional Search

• Search in teams of two
• Remain in visual, voice, or physical contact
• At least one team member must have a radio and be
  in contact with the IC
• Maintain contact with a wall
• Progress through structure on same wall
• Make turns in same direction to return to the
  point that you entered from
• Notify IC when search of each area is complete

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Right Hand Search
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Secondary Search

• Thorough search conducted after the situation is
  under control.
• Locates victims not discovered in primary.
• Completed when conditions improve but may still
  present hazard. IDLH?
• Slow and methodical covering all areas
• Use several teams of firefighters
• Include all areas of the building.

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Search Progress

• All Clear is given once primary and secondary
  searches have been completed.
• Mark rooms that have been searched
• Give an example of a radio report after the
  primary search reveals no victims?
• What actions need to be taken upon finding a
  victim?

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Review

• Describe 3 types of search patterns or
  techniques.
• What tools are used during primary search
• Discuss the time of day and probabilities factors
  relating to primary search
• What landmarks can you use to help identify the
  basic layout of the interior of a astructure from
  the outside. Why is it important?

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QUESTIONS?