Program Overviews

1

Office of Naval Research Representing Human
Behavior

• Program Overviews
• Presentation at the 12th Behavior Representation
  in Modeling and Simulation Conference
• May 13, 2003
• Scottsdale, Arizona

2
From 6.1 through 6.3

• Affordable Human Behavior Modeling
• Harold Hawkins hawkinh_at_onr.navy.mil
• Ruth Willis willisr_at_onr.navy.mil

• Virtual Technologies and Environments
• LCDR Dylan Schmorrow schmord_at_onr.navy.mil
• Denise Nicholson denise.nicholson_at_navy.mil

3
Motivation

• Software proxies for human action and thought are
  ubiquitous across models and simulationshowever
  costs for development remain high.
• ONR has refocused its Human Behavior Modeling
  programthe emphasis is now on
  Human Behavior Modeling

affordable
4
A Moment of History

• BAA 02-020 opened in the summer of 2002
• Topics of interest included
• Multi-agent architectures for modeling human
  behavior
• Techniques to facilitate knowledge
  acquisition/engineering
• Learning strategies to refine models through
  experience
• Self-explanation for verification,
  trouble-shooting training
• Architectures to facilitate re-use of models or
  components
• Techniques to enable robustness

5
FY2003 Technical Highlights

• Developing a testbed for the evaluation of
  HBR-based teammates (Campbell, Buff
  Bolton/NAVAIR Orlando)
• Introducing a psychologically-inspired forgetting
  mechanism to Soar (Chong/GMU)
• Examining behavior underpinnings of current
  gaming products (Ferguson/BBN)
• Developing model traceability tools to support
  development, VV, and post-deployment (Harper
  Zacharias/CRA)
• Automated conversion of a mission behavior to an
  executable CGF entity behavior (Harvey/BMH)
• Developing a high level modeling language to
  support compositional reuse (John/CMULewis/UMICH
  Matessa, Remington Vera/NASA)
• Advanced visualization technique enables HBMs to
  self explain for coaching, AAR, validation
  (Jones/Soar)

6
FY2003 (2 of 3)

• Applying HCI methods to make model authoring
  tools more usable and useful (Koedinger/CMU
  Heffernan/WPI)
• Exploring diagram-based tools as basis for
  generating rules (Laird/UMICH Pearson/ThreePenny
  SW)
• ACT-R/PM extended to represent realistic
  adversaries to train USMC fire teams in MOUT
  environments-via VIRTE (Lebiere/CMU, MAD)
• Combining case-based memory and genetic
  algorithms to improve decision support
  (Louis/UNV McDonnell/SPAWAR)
• Examining Case-Based Reasoning technology as a
  means to reduce development time (McCormack
  Reece/SAIC Aha McLaren/NRL)
• Recovery-from-error strategy significantly
  reduces brittleness in HBMs (Nielsen/Soar)
• Developing a formal theory of semantic
  composability (Petty/ODU)

7
FY2003 (3 of 3)

• Developing a high level behavior representation
  language with the context of Soar (Ritter/PSU)
• Hybrid (EA, ACT-R) matches humans in high level
  control of multiple UAVs (Schultz Trafton/NRL)
• Applying RETSINA multi-agent architecture to CGF
  code fragments to enable reuse (Sycara/CMU)
• Unified calculus enables reasoning by HBMs (and
  decision support systems) facing disparately
  represented, uncertain, incomplete information
  (Yager/IONA)
• Utilizing hierarchies of functional abstraction
  to increase model development efficiency
  (Zachary/CHI)

8
Looking toward 2004

• Just completed the first AHBM program review,
  April 24-25 2003
• Bravo Zulu!
• New white papers are invited through July 31.
  Submit these electronically to
• hawkinh_at_onr.navy.mil and willisr_at_onr.navy.mil

9
Motivation

• Develop and demonstrate leap ahead
  human-immersive technology for Naval training
• Supplement complement live training using
  virtual wargaming simulations

10
VIRTE Demo IAmphibious Assault Triad

• Demo I addresses integrated training for the
  triad of Naval Amphibious Assault Vehicles
• LCAC
• AAAV
• MV-22

Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAAV)
Human Centric Design Approach CTA HCI
Functionality Analysis Performance
Measurements Effectiveness Experiments Networked
Virtual Environment Multi-modality (visual,
aural, haptics) Near field Interactions
Distributed Interactions Intelligent Agents
(CGF) Intelligent Tutors Integration into the
JSB Integration with Exercise Support Tools
Landing Craft, Air Cushion (LCAC)
Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT)
11
VIRTE Demo II CQB for MOUT

• Locomotion Platforms
• Accurate tracking systems for both humans
  and weapons
• Visual Display Systems
• Weapon modeling, to include weapons available at
  the squad level, to include indirect fire weapons
  and crew-served weapons
• Interoperability (HLA compliant)
• Realistic and intelligent Computer Generate
  Forces (CGF)
• Man machine interface (human factors)
• Communication (verbal and non-verbal)
• Rapid database generation, dynamic terrain and
  structures

12
Human Behavior within VIRTE

• Demo I - Modular Automated Instructional System
• Demo I - Synthetic Teammate
• Demo II - Intelligent Adversaries

• Intelligent tutoring techniques for intelligent
  computer-aided instruction
• Intelligent teammates and adversaries for
  sim-based training and mission rehearsal

13

• Virtual Technologies and Environments
• For more info on the program...
• www.virte.org
• Submit white papers (1-3 pages) by 30 May to
  both
• Program Manager LCDR Dylan Schmorrow, Ph.D.
• schmord_at_onr.navy.mil
• Office of Naval Research
• Advanced Development Manager Denise Nicholson,
  Ph.D.
• denise.nicholson_at_navy.mil
• NAVAIR Orlando