International Nationalism

1
International Nationalism

• Pride Spreads Around the World

2
Review (Quiz)

• Question 1 Define nationalism.
• Question 2 Name one goal of liberal thinkers
  in the mid-1800s. Be Specific!
• Question 3 What was the name of the architect
  of German unification (A.K.A The Iron
  Chancellor)?

3
Review (Quiz, Continued)

• Question 4 In an effort to support
  nationalism, the name for the King of Germany was
  changed to sound more German. What was the
  German King now called?
• Question 5 True or False The Iron
  Chancellors main goal was to establish a unified
  German state.

4
Preview

• Today, we will see
• Nationalism cause the unification of Italy.
• Nationalism cause Latin American colonies
  fighting for independence.
• Nationalism lead to revolution in Russia.

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International Nationalism

• Pride Spreads Around the World

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BIG IDEA

• Nationalism occurs around the world in the 19th
  and 20th centuries.
• Nationalism is not isolated and it does not
  always look the same in every place and every
  time.

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Map of Italy

• What was the political condition of Italy in
  1858?
• How might this situation have slowed
  Industrialization and Italys economy?
• How long does it take for Italy to unify?

8
The Path Towards Unity

• Disunity and foreign rule since Roman times.
• The Congress of Vienna
• Austria controls northern Italy
• France controls the two Sicilies
• Nationalism rises from 1820-1848

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The Path Toward Unity

• Risorgimento
• The Italian nationalist movement
• Ideas grow quickly when watered by the blood of
  martyrs.
• Giuseppe Mazzini, Italian Nationalist

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Camille Cavour

• Prime Minister of Italy who believed in
  Realpolitik
• The Italian Bismarck
• What do you expect Cavour to do in order to unify
  Italy?

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The Wars of Unity

• Crimean War (1855)
• France, Britain, Italy
• Russia
• Treaty with France
• War with AustriaMore Territory
• Industrialization of Italy

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The Wars of Unity

• Giuseppe Garibaldi
• Italian Nationalist
• I saw Garibaldi, with his red shirt wringing wet
  with perspiration, his eye sternly gleaming, his
  face flushed with the heat of conflictI heard
  his voice commandingbut it was no longer the
  calm, clear voice of quieter times. It was
  hoarse with emotion. For the good general saw
  his gallant band unfalteringly pouring out their
  lifeblood.

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Final Acquisitions

• The Red Shirts
• Unites Southen Italy with the rest

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Result

• Italy Unified (1870)
• Constitutional Monarchy with 2-house legislature
• Challenges
• Regional differences
• Socialism
• Positives
• Economic prosperity
• Industrialization

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Wars of Independence

• Former Colonies of European Powers
• Haiti
• Mexico
• Guatemala
• Nicaragua
• Honduras
• El Salvador
• Costa Rica
• Venezuela
• Colombia
• Ecuador
• Brazil
• Now mostly republics
• Why be independent?

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Turmoil in Russia

• Conditions in Russia
• Largest, most populous nation in Europe
• Vast natural resources
• Autocratic (Absolute) government
• Feudalism
• Would you say Russia is modern or behind the
  times?

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Revolution in Russia

• Socialism encourages uprisings
• Czar Alexander II Assassinated
• Czar Alexander II Responds
• Pogroms
• Violent attacks on Jews living in Russia
  sponsored by the Russian government

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Changes in Russia

• Reaction to loss in Crimean War (1855)
• Liberals Speak out and Gain Power
• Emancipation
• Freeing of the serfs
• Industrialization
• Railroads
• Some local say in government

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Revolution in Russia

• Cause Military losses v. Japan
• (all the other problems)
• Bloody Sunday
• Liberals massacred at Czars palace
• The czar has deserted us! They shot away the
  orthodox faith!
• Revolution of 1905
• How is this bad for nationalism?

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A New Wave of Reforms

• Duma
• Elected National Legislature
• Some land reforms, education reforms, and
  improved local governments
• Russia still conservative and autocratic until WWI

21
Review

• Today, we will see
• How did nationalism cause the unification of
  Italy?
• What effect did nationalism have in Latin
  America?
• How did nationalism lead to revolution in Russia?