Search For Truth

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Search For Truth
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Paparazzi
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Objectives

• What paparazzi is all about
• How others perceive paparazzi
• Impacts of the paparazzi work
• The risks and costs of paparazzi

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Definition

• Aggressive photographers
• Federico Fellinis 1959 film La Dolce Vita
• Italian meaning flashbulb popping gnat
• Photographers in tabloids
• Stigmas
• Infringe privacy
• Immoral
• Cold blooded

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Intensification of Stigma

• Since the death of Princess Diana in 1997
• Vacationing with Mr. al-Fayed
• Pursued by 9 photographers on motorcycles

Japanese Journalists
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Paparazzi Killers?
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Methodology

• Objective Find out the career of paparazzi
• Both qualitative and quantitative research
  methods are adopted
• To balance the advantages and disadvantages of
  the research methods

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Methodology

• Totally six qualitative interviews were conducted
• More effective for this complicated topic and
  generally producing fewer incomplete
  questionnaires.

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Methodology

• A face to face interview was conducted
  respectively on
• 27th March 2004 with an existing paparazzi who
  works for Sudden Weekly for five years
• 27th March 2004 with an existing paparazzi who
  works for Monday for two years
• 3rd April 2004 with a paparazzi team leader who
  works for Oriental Sunday for twenty years
• 4th April 2004 with a breaking-news reporter who
  works for Oriental Daily for four years
• 4th April 2004 with a breaking news reporter who
  works for Apple Daily for eight years
• 7th April 2004 with ex-paparazzi who worked for
  Sing Tao Daily

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Methodology

• Questionnaire survey was conducted from 10th
  April to 13th April 2004
• aims at finding the general perception of people
  towards paparazzi.
• It is appropriate for making descriptive studies
  of a larger population and the survey data may be
  used for explanatory purposes (Babbie, 2001).

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Methodology

• With the purpose of gathering the general
  perception towards paparazzi, there are three
  pools of population.
• University students
• Housewives
• Career professionals

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Methodology

• Their age range is from 20 to 45.
• The gender differences of the university students
  and career professionals are minimized.
• There are 15 male and 15 female respondents in
  the university student group
• 17 male and 13 female respondents
• in the career professional group.

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Methodology

• 100 questionnaires including closed-ended and
  opened-ended questions were conducted on the
  street level
• Response rate is 90 and 90 out of them were
  valid
• Overall response rate is one guide to the
  representativeness of the sample respondents. A
  high response rate indicates a less chance of
  significant response bias (Babbie, 2001).

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Background
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Nature of Work

• Follow the celebrities
• Patrol in different districts
• Station in airport or hotels or outside their
  homes
• ?To uncover their secrets or hidden lives
• Responsible for taking photos
• Content determined by editors or other writers

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Entry Requirements

• Basic skills needed
• Able to drive
• Able to use camera
• Advantageous characteristics
• Young
• Energetic
• Pro-active
• Cheerful
• Flexible
• Good communication skills
• High sensitivity

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Entry Requirements

• Academic qualification
• ? Tertiary education
• Lower requirement
• Physical strength
• Stronger body
• Good physical fitness
• no. of male gt no. of female

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Entry Requirements

• Publics opinions
• Patient
• Persistent
• Physically strong

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Earning Capacity

• Determined by market demand and supply
• Past
• Higher
• Maximum 70,000
• Present
• Lower
• 7,000- 10,000
• Monthly award schemes

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Career Path

• Paparazzi

Photographer Assistant
Soft news
Performances and experiences
Photographer/Paparazzi
Photographic Supervisor
Journalists responsible for writing report
Laid off/resign
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Sources of Job Satisfaction

• Reported the truth
• Help gaining public interest
• Promotion
• Remuneration and bonus
• Appreciation

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Comments towards Paparazzi

• Most publics comments ?negative
• Bold-faced
• Unrelenting
• Dishonest
• Non-professional
• Report false information
• Advices for Paparazzi
• Obligated to ethnic of journalist
• Respect rights of privacy
• Not to create unreal stories
• Behave decently
• Be less aggressive

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Occupational
Influences
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Chaos in Living Pattern

• Major duty? Follow the target day and night
• ? Irregular hours of work
• No fixed time for meals or rest
• Little time spent with families
• and friends
• Adversely affect both physical
• and psychological health

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Tension and Stress

• Stress of Paparazzi Stress of other
  Journalists?
• Definitely NOT!

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Stress from Family and Friends

• Only 50 of respondents support their friends or
  family members to be Paparazzi

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Stress from General Public

• Publics negative comments and criticism on
  Paparazzos act
• Considered as non-professional and immoral

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Stress from Colleagues

• Discriminated by other journalists who consider
  themselves are
• Professional
• Carry out moral and meaningful duties
• Paparazzi Lower entry requirement
• ? Inferior to others

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Stress from Work

• Strictly Follow the orders and instructions of
  editors or their supervisors
• Meet the requirements and goals
• In a risk of losing a job if not able to
  accomplish the task

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Ethical Dilemmas

• Almost 90 of respondents consider Paparazzi as
  immoral
• Public condemnation VS Job duty

Right or Wrong?
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Public condemnation VS Market demand

• ????????????? (????????????1,2,3)

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Public condemnation VS Public interest
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Risk Cost
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Risk Cost

• Violence
• Critical Decision Moral or Duty?
• Traffic Accidents Fine, Marks Deduction and Life
  Risk
• Long working hours
• Hunger and Sleepless
• 5. Legal responsibility

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Risk Cost

• Violence
• actors have triad background
• ? attack reports in case the actors are traced

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Risk Cost-violence

• Example Cecilia Cheung
• Date 19th April, 2004
• Time In the afternoon
• Place Tsim Sha Tsui
• Suffer Two Paparazzi
• were hit while waiting
• outside a building for
• Cecilia Cheung

Cecilia
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Risk Cost

• Critical Decision Moral or Duty?
• Take photos or give help in Emergency?
• A woman jumps from a building
• ?Take photos or Persuade her to come down?

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Risk Cost-Critical Decision Moral or Duty

• Example Edison Chan
• Date 15th March, 2004
• Time In the afternoon
• Place Central
• Suffer Edison Chan
• complained that two paparazzi
• kept on taking photos while
• he was hit by two strangers

Edison
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Risk Cost

• Traffic Accidents Fine, Marks Deduction Life
  Risk
• Fine and Marks Deduction for overdrive
• Risk lives when driving too fast

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Risk Cost- Traffic Accidents Fine, Marks
Deduction Life Risk

• Example Princess Diana Dodi Fayed
• Date 31st August, 1997
• Time At night
• Place Paris
• Suffer Diana and Dodi died
• in the traffic accident

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Risk Cost

• 4. Legal Responsibility
• Responsibilities born by Paparazzi themselves and
  the Magazines/ Newspaper and the public

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Risk Cost- Legal Responsibility

• Is it necessary to set up a department to monitor
  the press?
• Freedom of Press?

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Risk Cost

• 5. Long working hours Hunger and Sleepless
• Paparazzi trace a target 24 hours a day
• Afraid to get lost from the target
• No time to eat and sleep or go to Toilet
• Suffer from Hunger Sleepless

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What We Have Learnt?

• Analytical skills
• Importance of Initiative, Self-motivation and
  Teamwork
• Group Work Is Fun
• Interviewing skills
• More insights in viewing career

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Conclusion
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Conclusion

• Aim of this research
• To examine the work of paparazzi in Hong Kong
• This paper has analyzed 3 main dimensions
• Background
• Occupational influences
• Risk and cost

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Conclusion

• Usually, paparazzi are seemed to be an exciting
  and interesting job.
• However, there are quite a number of occupational
  stress, ethics dilemmas, disordered living
  pattern, risk and cost which influence the career
  lives of them.

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Conclusion

• It is shown that unlike what the public
  perception towards this career, the depressing
  image of paparazzi somehow is exaggerated.
• The public generally share a negative views
  towards the work of paparazzi.

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Conclusion

• Limitations
• Though this research paper may not be
  representative enough
• Time and the size of population are the
  constraints
• It has failed to scrutinize every details of the
  career and the poll of survey is limited to 3
  groups of people

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Conclusion

• Through the above illustration, this paper shows
  another picture about the work of paparazzi under
  the general perception of the public
• Raise people awareness of the issue of
  paparazzi.
• ? People could critically evaluate if the image
  of paparazzi is just perceived by the public with
  exaggeration

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Conclusion

• The six interviews and the survey show two
  different sides to view the career of paparazzi
• Sources of information Internet, newspaper
  clippings, interviews a small-scale survey
• Further study is recommended in examining the
  public deception towards undercover agents

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Our Reflections
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What We Have Learnt?

• Analytical skills
• Importance of Initiative, Self-motivation and
  Teamwork
• Group Work Is Fun
• Interviewing skills
• More insights in viewing career

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The End

• Presented by
• Chan Sze Yan, Cecily
• Chang Sze Man, Jess
• Chiu Kai Yee, Crystal
• Chiu Lok Kwan, Natalie
• Ngo Hiu Ka, Joyce
• Wong Kit Ying, Gloria

Thank You!
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