Presentation on Vaginal Drug Delivery System

1
Presentation on Vaginal Drug Delivery System

• Name
• Khalilur Rahman
• Md. Jahangir Alam
• Farzana Wadud
• Rawshan Nahar Mujib
• Mahbub Hasan

• ID
• BPH-02505076
• BPH-02505084
• BPH-02505089
• BPH-02505081
• BPH-02505092

2
Vaginal Drug Delivery System

• The vaginal wall is very well suited for the
  absorption of drugs for systemic use, as it
  contains a vast network of blood vessels. Only a
  few drugs are administered by this route at
  present, however, among these are oestrogen and
  prostaglandin analogues, which are usually
  administered as vaginal creams or hydro gels.
  Progesterone has been given as vaginal
  suppositories (pessaries) for some years, and
  batter results are obtained in this way than
  after oral dosing.

• The vaginal route is mainly used for the
  achievement of local effects, e.g. in the case of
  Trichomonas and Candida infections. Some drugs
  are, however, administered vaginally to achieve
  systemic effects. In some cases the drugs given
  by intra-vaginal route have a higher
  bioavailability than with the oral route, because
  the drug enters the systemic circulation
  immediately without giving first pass effect.

3
The Physiology of Vagina

• The human vagina is a tubular canal with a length
  of 4-6 inches, directed upward and backward,
  extending from the vestibule to the uterus. The
  vaginal wall consists of a membranous lining and
  a muscular layer, capable of constriction as well
  as enormous dilation, separated by a layer of
  erectile tissue.

• The mucous membrane forms thick transverse folds
  and is always maintained moist by secretions. The
  vaginal walls are normally folded in close
  apposition to each other, forming a collapsed
  tube. The pH of the human vaginal lumen is 4-5.
  This vaginal pH is a secondary reflection of the
  active production of ovarian hormones and is also
  constantly maintained by the sloughing of mature
  cells in the superficial layer of the vaginal
  mucosa.

4
Different type of dosage form and formulation

• A good filler for vaginal tablets is lactose, as
  this is a normal substrate for the vaginal
  microflora, which converts lactose into lactic
  acid, resulting in pH value of 4-4.5.
• Vaginal suppositories are mostly prepared with
  glycerol-gelatin bases, as this mixture is well
  tolerated. Phynylethyline gycols are less common
  because they are said to promote irritation.
  Also, fatty excipients are not much used.
• Most delivery forms for vaginal application
  demand an auxiliary device to obtain deep
  insertion of the delivery system.

• Many different type of formulation have been and
  are applied vaginally, e.g. tablets, capsules,
  pessaries, solutions, sprays, foams, creams and
  ointments.
• Because of low moisture content under normal
  physiological conditions, additives are used to
  improve the disintegration of vaginal tablets,
  e.g. bicarbonate together with an organic acid,
  which results in CO2 release.

5
Mechanism of action

• For the drug-dispersing vaginal ring, the steps
  consists of the dissolution of the finely ground,
  well dispersed drug particles into the
  surrounding polymer structure, diffusion through
  the polymer matrix to the device surface.
• Partitioning into and then diffusion across the
  vaginal secretion fluid ( which is sandwiched
  between the device surface and vaginal walls),
  uptake by and then penetration through the
  vaginal mucosa, and finally, transport and
  distribution of the absorbed drug molecules by
  circulating blood and/or lymph to a target
  tissue.

6
Drugs available in Bangladesh

• OVESTIN Cream Organon
• Estriol 1 mg/gram cream, Price- 15 mg tube with
  applicator360.70 MRP
• CRINONE 8 Gel (Progesteron) Serono/Janata
  Healthcare
• Price-1 pack 463.59 MRP
• NEOSTEN VT Tab. Beximco Pharmaceutical Ltd.
  Clotrimazole BP 200mg/tab(vaginal) with
  applicator. Price 200mg 3s pack 60.00 IP

• GYNO PEVARYL V. Cream Sanofi Aventis Econazole
  nitrate 1 cream.
• Price-30gm tube 74.74 MRP
• GYNOMIX Soft Cap. Drug International Ltd.
• It is a mixed preparation. Its price is 6 caps
  pac 145.56 MRP
• GYNORIL Suppos. Opsonin
• Price-12s pack 288.00 MRP

7
Why the vagina can securely retain drug delivery
systems?

• The vaginal rugae increase the surface area of
  the vagina, helping to retain a medication that
  is placed in the vagina and enhancing drug
  absorption (Figure 2). The rugae also permit the
  vagina to expand to accommodate intercourse and
  allow placement of a speculum, diaphragm, or
  vaginal ring without trauma.

• The lower portion of the vagina has a peripheral
  nerve supply that is sensitive to pain, while the
  upper vaginal nerves are supplied by the
  autonomic nervous system, making it possible for
  a device to be inserted into the upper vagina and
  not be felt

8
Conclusion

• In conclusion, I want to say that in spite of
  having good property as DDS, this route can not
  use for all types of drug. I hope, many
  preparation will be discover for the quick relief
  from various diseases of woman.