III' Origins of U'S' Government

1
III. Origins of U.S. Government

• 1.3 OHS Govt

2
Origins of US Government
http//www.scarborough.k12.me.us/wis/teachers/dtew
hey/webquest/colonial/13_Colonies_Map.gif
http//www1.istockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve
/5179418/2/istockphoto_5179418-we-the-people-us-co
nstitution.jpg
http//www.beaverton.k12.or.us/jacob_wismer/leahy/
2005/amrev/declaration_of_independence.jpg
http//www.posterlovers.com/Inspirational/images/r
evolutionary-war.jpg
3
English Influences

• Lmtd gov
• Magna Carta
• Representative gov
• English Bill of Rights

4

• Lmtd gov

• gov pwrs are restricted and individuals rights
  are protected
• 13th Century UK

5

• Protected nobles from arbitrary acts by king
• 1st attempt to limit absolute pwr monarchy

• Magna Carta 1215

http//hua.umf.maine.edu/Reading_Revolutions/Magna
Carta/5190MagnaCarta_wl.jpg
6

• policies are made by officials accountable to
  people who elected them
• 17th Century England
• Parliament
• House of Lords
• House of Commons

• Representative Gov

http//www.expressionsofexcellence.com/img/parliam
ent.jpg
7

• English Bill of Rights 1688

• Free elections
• No cruel and unusual punishment
• Rights of citizens-fair and speedy trial

http//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3
/English_Bill_of_Rights_of_1689.jpg
8
A. Early Colonial Gov

• Subject to direct control of monarchy
• Given land and power to govern by the king.
• Powers connected directly to the colonies

• Royal Colonies
• Proprietary Colonies
• Charter Colonies

9
Jamestown

• 1st permanent English settlement
• Property rights

http//www.sonofthesouth.net/revolutionary-war/col
onies/arriving-jamestown.jpg
http//i99.photobucket.com/albums/l301/arlington_2
005/Blog_Photos/hiresJamestownGoldUncObv.jpg
10
B. Problems Unity

• 1763 French and Indian War
• UK believed Colonies should help pay for
  protection- taxes
• Colonies
• disapproved

• http//www.hist-sdc.com/fiw/images/cover.jpg

11
C. Colonial Boycotts
http//www.beaverton.k12.or.us/jacob_wismer/leahy/
2005/amrev/izzy_stamp_act.jpg
http//www.teachnet.ie/jheffernan/2005/images/Join
ordie.jpg
http//thenagain.info/WebChron/USA/BostonMassacre1
.jpg
http//www.authentichistory.com/antebellum/revolut
ion/1773_Boston_Tea_Party.jpg
12

• Stamp Act 1765
• Boston Massacre 1770
• Boston Tea Party 1773
• Intolerable Acts 1774

• Tax on all printed material
• British Soldiers fired upon angry colonists
  protesting taxes 5 killed
• Protested Tea Monopoly
• Dumped tea into the harbor
• Reaction to the Boston Tea Party

13
D. Colonial Reaction

• First 1774
• Boycott of British goods
• Sent a Declaration of Rights
• Second 1775
• Battle of Lexington and Concord
• Declaration of Independence 1776

• Continental Congress

http//www.sonofthesouth.net/revolutionary-war/pol
itical/continental-congress.jpg
14
E. Declaration of Independence
robwroblewski.org/images/John_Locke.jpg
http//www.b-29s-over-korea.com/God_Bless_America/
images/Declaration-of-Independence.jpg
15

• Ideas of John Locke
• AuthorThomas Jefferson
• Legal argument to end social contract w/ England

16
Parts of Dec of Ind.

• 1. Enlightenment philosophy
• 2. List of wrongs/abuses
• 3. Attempts to redress
• 4. Separation

17
F. Articles of Confederation

• Confederation united for purpose of achieving
  common goals
• Continental Congress 1777
• Agreed on a plan of Government
• March 17, 1781 The Articles of Confederation

18

• Powers
• Unicameral legislature 1 vote ea

• Control Military
• Settle arguments between states
• Indian relations

• Declare War
• Conduct Foreign Policy
• Borrow Money

19

• Few achievements
• name United States of America
• Important successful land ordinances
• Limits on Powers

20
G. Constitutional Convention
http//moinansari.files.wordpress.com/2008/06/cons
titutional-convention.jpg
http//farm2.static.flickr.com/1125/1413449680_fd0
9d7ceb7.jpg?v0
21
V. Constitutional Convention

• 55 Delegates
• 33 legal profession
• Most were college-educated
• May 25, 1787
• Held in secret
• Ea state 1 vote

22

• 12 states were represented
• Rhode Island not present
• Purpose Amend the Articles
• Led George Washington
• Benjamin Franklin hosted

23

• Main Goals
• Serve the People
• States Rights
• Prevent Concentration of Power

24
Virginias Plan v. New Jersey

• Favored Large states
• Based on population

• Favored Small states
• Based on equal representation

25
Great Compromise

• A. Bicameral
• Senate equal, 2 from ea state 50
• House of Rep pop., varies-census 435
• 3/5 Clause
• Slaves count as 3/5 for pop taxes
• No slave laws for 20 yrs
• President Electoral College
• Executive
• Electoral College Map

26
Ratification of the Constitution

• Federalists Favored, strong gov
• Anti-federalists B of R, states rights
• Ratification
• 9 states needed
• Rhode Island (13th) in May 1790