Sensor Network Simulation

1
Sensor Network Simulation

• Maneesh Varshney
• Rajive Bagrodia
• PCL LAB, UCLA

2
Sensor Network Simulation

• What we need to model
• The sensing phenomenon
• Dispersion of colloids in air
• Diffusion of heat in forest fire
• Movement of target (objects of interest)
• Software
• Link layer and Mac
• Routing and clustering
• Processing of data
• Power model
• Consumption model
• Battery model
• What we can utilize
• Channel model for radio communication
• Protocols developed for MANETs

3
Architecture
Protocol and Model Suites
Application
Surveillance, Monitoring, Tracking
Power Model
Communication
Sensing
Sensor Channels
Battery
Directed Diffusion, SPIN, Leach
Topology Control Routing
Seismic
Current drawn
Propagation Model
Link Layer MAC
Heat
S-MAC, Sift, 802.11
Diffusion Model
Remaining Lifetime
PHY
Counter
Discrete Model
802.11 COTS RF Ultra Wide Band
Bluetooth Optical Acoustic
Radio Channel
4
Impact of Detailed Models on Network Performance

• Developed detailed models for
• Battery
• Processor power consumption
• Sensor network specific traffic model
• Show impact on
• Network lifetime
• Routing overhead
• PDR and network performance
• Claim
• High sensitivity of model accuracy on network
  statistics.
• Can lead to inversion of observed results with
  accurate models.
• Paper to appear in MSWiM 04

5
Detailed Battery Model

• Impact on network performance
• Longer network lifetime
• Lower PDR
• Gradual degradation of throughput

• Impact on routing overhead
• Higher routing overhead
• Lack graceful degradation

These behaviors are not observed with current
abstract models.
6
Processor Power Model

• Simple model
• Radio interface power consumption only
• Detailed model
• Radio processor code execution power
  consumption
• Results
• Relative ordering of power consumption in nodes
  may reverse
• Simple model incorrectly predicts hot-spots in
  network

7
Sensor Application Model

• MANET traffic model (CBR)
• AODV and DSR perform equally well
• Sensor Network traffic model
• DSR performs 500 times better than AODV
• Lesson Routing protocol performance is highly
  dependent on traffic model.
• Simulation 1K nodes, 256B pkt, 1 pkt/sec for 15
  min.

• To summarize High sensitivity of our proposed
  detailed models for sensor network simulation on
  the predicted performance of network and
  applications.