Speech Delivery

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Speech Delivery

• Getting your message across

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Outline
Preparation
Organization
Visual Aids
Physical Skills
Delivery
Summary
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Preparation

• Audience
• Who?, Why?, What do they want?
• Objective
• What are you trying to communicate?
• Content
• How can you best achieve your objective?
• Similar to audience analysis we have already
  discussed

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Preparation - Audience
Why

• Define your goals
• Get a job
• Obtain research funds
• Teach
• What does the audience want?
• Their goals, concerns, needs
• Explain MERIT of YOUR goals
• Keep it SHORT!
• Who is your audience?

What
Who
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Preparation - Objective

• Focus on Broad Issues
• Major Ideas
• Major Supporting Information
• Take Home Message
• The thing you want them to remember
• Repeat this message more than once
• Conclusion
• Strong ending

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Content
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Preparation - Content

• Content is more than just the words

Text
Speech
CONTENT
Visual Aids
Organization
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Content - Organization

• Introduction
• Purpose
• Benefits/Conclusions
• Body
• Main Ideas
• Continuity
• Appropriate Level of Detail
• Summary
• Restate Purpose, Benefits, Main Points
• Draw Conclusions

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Content - Visual Aids

• Always use with a clear purpose
• Space-fillers arent visual aids
• Types of Aids
• Graphs ? Tables
• Movies ? Pictures
• Aids should enhance message
• Dont compete

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Visual Aids - Text

• Make it BIG! And BOLD! If necessary
• Key words or Phrases not sentences
• Think newspaper headline
• E.g. Rate faster than expected
• Check Spelling
• Emphasize Important points
• Use Color
• Avoid Notes or Extra Scribbles

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Visual Aids - Graphs

• One Graph Per Slide
• Label Axes and Data
• Use Color
• Describe Actively
• BIG LABELS!
• BIG POINTS or SYMBOLS!
• No unnecessary numbers

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Which graph is better?
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Visual Aids - Tables

• Use numeric data tables sparingly
• Only Necessary Numbers
• Display proper precision!
• No Copies from Papers
• Retype data
• If you dont want them to ask about that data
  point, dont list it!

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Which table is more clear?
Reaction Rate Comparison
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Visual Aids - Movies

• Movies can be highly effective means of showing
  dynamic effects
• Must have high contrast
• Use arrows to direct audience
• Edit movie to include only portion of interest
• Display in loop
• Expand small frames to fill screen
• Make sure host computer is powerful enough to
  display the movie

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Visual Aids - Pictures

• Effective for Abstract Ideas
• Use Color
• Unified Concept
• Label Clearly
• No Unnecessary Details

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PowerPoint Considerations

• High contrast between text color background
  color
• High Contrast Low Contrast
• What looks OK on a monitor is often not OK when
  projected
• Clipart can help illustrate meaning
• Text Animations
• Use sparingly - distracting

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Transparencies

• Same rules apply!
• The infamous Progressive Reveal
• Use Sparingly
• Distracting
• Overlays Most Effective
• Tear-Away Patch ?
• Paper Covering ?
• Hand Write Least Effective

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Using Visual Aids
Touch
Turn
Talk
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Using Visual Aids

• TOUCH
• Calmly point or turn to the screen
• Turn audiences focus to your visual aid
• DO NOT TALK
• Read the slide silently to yourself

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Using Visual Aids

• TURN
• Return audiences attention to you
• Bring your hand down
• Turn to face the audience

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Using Visual Aids

• TALK
• Elaborate on the points the visual is providing
• Face your audience, not your slides!
• Face your audience, not your slides!
• Face your audience, not your slides!
• Estimate 1 minute per slide
• Face your audience, not your slides!

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Physical Skills - Body

• Problem areas
• Shifting, Moving without Purpose
• Locking Hands, Hands in Pockets
• Holding Objects
• Negative Effects
• Lower Confidence Distracting
• Solution
• Balance Stance
• Hands to Sides, Gesture When Appropriate

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Physical Skills - Voice

• Negative Effects
• Difficult to Hear
• Whats Important?
• Frustrating to Follow

• Voice Problems
• Too Soft
• Monotone
• Too Fast
• Ums, Uhs

• Solutions ?Speak Clearly and Loudly
• Use Inflection
• Pause Frequently
• Use Silence

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Physical Skills - Eyes

• Eye Problems
• Scanning
• Staring into Space

• Negative Effects
• Causes nervousness
• No Individual Recipients
• Accelerated Pace

• Solution
• Lock Eyes
• Hold for Thought
• Move Around Room

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Delivery - Room Preparation

• Reservations
• Access
• Size
• Layout
• Avoid crossing visual path
• Seating Arrangement

• Temperature / Ventilation
• Body Heat
• Lighting
• Dim not Dark
• A/V Equipment
• Set-up
• Operation
• Back-up

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Delivery - Self Preparation

• PRACTICE
• Arrive Early
• PRACTICE
• Appropriate Dress
• Formal
• Pocket Jingles

• PRACTICE
• No last minute changes
• PRACTICE
• Cheer up!
• Greet audience

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Handling Questions

• 1. Ask for Question
• 2. Select Questioner
• 3. Listen to Entire Question
• Can you hear it?
• Look at questioner
• Focus question

• 4. Break Visually from Questioner
• 5. Restate / Rephrase Question
• 6. Answer Concisely

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Handling Questions

• Avoid Feeling Defensive
• Adapt Answer to Purpose
• Seeks Clarification
• Raises an Objection
• Shares Information
• General Guidelines
• Stay Positive
• OK to say I Dont Know
• But Ill look for the answer!

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Summary

• Preparation
• Audience
• Objectives
• Content
• Organization
• Visual Aids
• Types
• Use

• Physical Skills
• Body
• Voice
• Eyes
• Delivery
• Room Prep
• Self Prep

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Some references

• Presentations for Dummies, Malcom Kushner
• www.searls.com/present.html