Normalization of EDCS Codes

1
Normalization of EDCS Codes

• The EDCS Editors the SEDRIS LO
• 6th WG8 Meeting, Stuttgart, GE
• 26 February, 2001

2
Normalization of EDCS Codes

• Issue Several NB/LO inputs have identified
  potential problems in EDCS WD4 where multiple
  concepts have been conjoined into a single code
  for example
• The use of OR in Labels
• ECC AIRPORT_OR_AIRFIELD
• The use of or in definitions
• EAC FARMING_TYPE, defined as Type of field
  pattern or use.
• It is desirable that codes in this International
  Standard represent atomic (distinct) concepts
• It is also desirable that codes representing
  composites of atomic concepts be supported
• An atomic concept from the perspective of one
  encoding(e.g., industrial plant), may also
  validly be
• A specified composite from the perspective of
  another encoding (e.g., ltsteel mill or
  automotive plant or heavy manufacturing
  facilitygt, as opposed to ltfoundry or machine
  shopgt)

3
ORs in Classifications

• 129 cases of ECC Labels including OR
• Listed on next slide
• 394 additional cases where the definition
  includes the term or which may indicate two
  more atomic (distinct) concepts, but is not
  reflected in an OR in the current Label
• Current use of or in Labels is not consistent
• Appear to be two distinct cases
• Alternative names for same concept
• ATS_ROUTE_SEGMENT_OR_LEG
• DISK_OR_DISH_ANTENNA
• FLAGSTAFF_OR_FLAGPOLE
• TOWN_OR_TOWNSHIP
• Different atomic concepts
• CHAIN_OR_WIRE
• MARSH_OR_SWAMP
• ORCHARD_OR_PLANTATION
• RAILROAD_SIDING_OR_SPUR

Since the Label is not definitive, one must
examine the definition in order to make a final
determination.
4
HEALTH_OFFICE_OR_CLINIC HISTORIC_SITE_OR_INTEREST_
PT ICE_PEAK_OR_NUNATAK JAIL_OR_PRISON KELP_OR_SEAW
EED KILN_OR_OVEN LAGOON_OR_REEF_POOL LAKE_OR_POND
LAKE_OR_POND_CENTER_NEXUS LAND_USE_OR_COVER_VEGETA
TION LANDMARK_OR_DISTANCE_POST LIGHT_STANDARD_OR_S
UPPORT LIGHT_VESSEL_OR_LIGHTSHIP LOCAL_PARK_OR_REC
A_OR_ARBOR LOG_BOOM_OR_BOOMING_GROUND MANDATE_OR_C
ONVENTION_LINE MARITIME_OR_SIGNAL_STATION MARSH_OR
_SWAMP MILITARY_ADMIN_OR_OPS_BLDG MISC_UWATER_OBJ_
OR_REGION MIXED_URBAN_OR_BUILT_UP_LAND MOORING_OR_
WARPING_FACILITY NATION_PARK_OR_RECA_OR_ARBOR OFF_
ROUTE_RADIAL_OR_BEARING OIL_OR_GAS_BUILDING OIL_OR
_GAS_FACILITIES OIL_OR_GAS_FIELD OIL_OR_GAS_REFINE
RY OIL_OR_GAS_TANK_FARM ORCHARD_OR_PLANTATION OUTB
UILDING_OR_OUTHOUSE OVERFALLS_OR_TIDE_RIPS OVERRUN
_OR_STOPWAY OYSTER_BED_OR_MUSSEL_BED PAPER_OR_PULP
_MILL PERCHES_OR_STAKES PIER_OR_WHARF_OR_QUAY PILE
_OR_PILING_OR_POST PIPELINE_OR_PIPE PLAZA_OR_CITY_
SQUARE PREPARED_RAFT_OR_BRIDGE_SITE PREPARED_RAFT_
OR_BRIDGE_SITE PROCESS_OR_TREATMENT_PLANT
PROCESSING_OR_TREATMENT_BLDG PUBLIC_INN_OR_RESTAUR
ANT QUARRY_OR_MINE_SHEAR_WALL R_AND_D_LAB_OR_FACIL
ITY RAILROAD_OR_MARSHALLING_YARD RAILROAD_SIDING_O
R_SPUR RAILROAD_TABLE_OR_ROUNDHOUSE REGION_PARK_OR
_RECA_OR_ARBOR RESERVE_OR_RESERVATION RIG_OR_SUPER
STRUCTURE RIVER_OR_STREAM RIVER_OR_STREAM_CENTER_N
EXUS ROCK_STRATA_OR_FORMATION SAND_DUNE_OR_SAND_HI
LLS SCHOOL_CAMPUS_PRI_OR_SECNDRY SCRUB_OR_BRUSH_OR
_BUSH SEAPLANE_LANDING_OR_TAKE_OFF SERVICE_OR_FUEL
_STATION_MVEH SETTLE_BASIN_OR_SLUDGE_POND SIGNAL_B
OX_OR_SIGNALMANS_HSE SLIPWAY_OR_PATENT_SLIP SNAGS_
OR_STUMPS SNOW_FIELD_OR_ICE_FIELD SNOW_SHED_OR_ROC
K_SHED SPRING_OR_WATER_HOLE STADIUM_OR_AMPHITHEATR
E STORAGE_BUNKER_OR_MOUND SUBSTATION_OR_TRANSFORM_
YARD SUBWAY_OR_UNDERGRND_RAILWAY SURFACE_OBJECT_OR
_REGION TELEPHONE_OR_TELEGRAPH_LINE TELEPHONEGRAPH
_PYLON_OR_POLE TOWN_OR_TOWNSHIP UNDERGROUND_OR_PHR
EAT_WATER UNDERWATER_DANGER_OR_HAZARD UNIVERSITY_O
R_COLLEGE VEHICLE_OR_EQUIP_COMPONENT VEHICLE_STOP_
OR_REST_AREA VEHICLE_STORE_OR_PARK_AREA WATERMILL_
OR_GRISTMILL WAYPOINT_OR_REPORT_CALLPOINT WRECKING
_OR_SCRAP_YARD YACHT_CLUB_OR_SAILING_CLUB ZOO_OR_S
AFARI_PARK
AERIAL_CABLE_OR_LIFT_LINES AERIAL_CABLE_OR_LIFT_PY
LON AIRPORT_OR_AIRFIELD APRON_OR_HARDSTAND ATS_ROU
TE_SEGMENT_OR_LEG AUTOMOBILE_OR_TRUCK_PLANT BAMBOO
_OR_CANE BARN_OR_MACHINERY_SHED BASTION_OR_RAMPART
_OR_FORT BLUFF_OR_CLIFF_OR_ESCARPMENT BREACH_POINT
_OR_LANE BREAKWATER_OR_GROIN BRIDGE_OR_OVPASS_OR_V
IADUCT BRIDGE_TOWER_OR_PYLON BURNER_OR_FLARE_STACK
CAMPGROUND_OR_CAMPSITE CHAIN_OR_WIRE CHIMNEY_OR_S
MOKESTACK CLEARED_OR_CUT_OR_FIREBREAK COASTLINE_OR
_SHORELINE CONSTRICTION_OR_EXPANSION CONTROL_POINT
_OR_STATION CORRECTIONAL_OR_PRISON_FAC CREVICE_OR_
CREVASSE DAM_OR_WEIR DISK_OR_DISH_ANTENNA DISPOSAL
_SITE_OR_WASTE_PILE DREDGE_OR_SHOVEL_OR_DRAGLINE D
ROP_GATE_OR_ROLLING_BLOCK DRYING_OR_LOW_WATER_LINE
EMBANKMENT_OR_FILL ENTRANCE_OR_EXIT FEED_LOT_OR_S
TOCKYARD_OR_PEN FILTRATION_OR_AERATION_BEDS FIRING
_OR_GUNNERY_RANGE FISH_HATCH_OR_FARM_OR_MARINE FIS
H_TRAPS_OR_FISH_WEIRS FISHING_OR_PROMENADE_PIER FL
AGSTAFF_OR_FLAGPOLE GRAIN_BIN_OR_SILO GRASS_OR_SCR
UB_OR_BRUSH GUARD_SHACK_OR_GUARD_ROOM GULLY_OR_GOR
GE
Legend Examples of Alternative Names and
Multiple Concepts
5
ECC Proposed Resolution

• 1. Alternative names should be resolved to a
  single name
• 2. Additional ECCs should be introduced for
  atomic concepts
• E.g., MARSH, SWAMP
• 3. The existing composite concept should be
  tied to them,
• 4. A new generalized Label applied to the
  composite concept where appropriate, e.g.
• WETLANDS A saturated area, at times covered with
  water, supporting vegetation which may include
  trees. Maybe further delineated specifically as
  ECC MARSH or ECC SWAMP. (See also
  LAND_SUBJECT_TO_INUNDATION.)
• MARSH Periodically flooded or continually wet
  region having the surface not deeply submerged.
  It is covered dominantly with sedges, cattails,
  rushes, or other hydrophytic plants. (See also
  WETLANDS and SWAMP.)
• SWAMP A region saturated with water throughout
  much of the year, but with the surface of the
  soil usually not deeply submerged. It is
  generally characterized by tree or shrub
  vegetation. (See also WETLANDS and MARSH.)

See http//sis.agr.gc.ca/cansis/glossary
Hyperlinked
6
ORs in Attributes

• 16 cases of EAC Labels including OR
• Listed on next slide
• 192 additional cases where the definition
  includes the term or which may indicate two
  more atomic (distinct) concepts, but is not
  reflected in an OR in the current Label
• The specific case of enumerated EACs where the
  list of enumerates appears to reflect multiple
  explicit or implied atomic (distinct) concepts
  is addressed in later slides
• Current use of or in Labels is not consistent
• Appear to be two distinct cases
• Alternative names for same concept
• DENSITY_BRUSH_OR_UNDERGROWTH
• FLASH_OR_OCCULT_COUNT
• TREE_OR_CANOPY_COVER
• Different atomic concepts
• BEACON_OR_BUOY_TYPE
• RAMP_OR_GATE_POS
• SMOKE_TYPE_OR_LOCATION

Since the Label is not definitive, one must
examine the definition in order to make a final
determination.
7
EAC Labels including OR
BEACON_OR_BUOY_TYPE Type of buoy or beacon.
(See also BEACON_TYPE and BUOY_TYPE.) BRIDGE_OR_ST
RUCTURE_TYPE Structural design
characteristics. CANOPY_OR_HATCH_POSITION The
position of the canopy or primary
hatch. DENSITY_BRUSH_OR_UNDERGROWTH Fraction of
ground covered by undergrowth. DEPLOY_OR_EXTEND_TE
NT_POS The position of the deployable or
extension tent in terms of fractional deployment
from a fully stowed/retracted/closed
state. FLASH_OR_OCCULT_COUNT Number of
flashes/occultations in a group
flashing/occulting light character. GRADIENT_OR_SL
OPE Angle between surface of area delineated by
object and a perpendicular to the local gravity
vector. May be reported as percentage (i.e., the
change in elevation divided by the horizontal
distance over which the change takes place, times
one hundred ((e2-e1)/d)100), arc degrees, or
radians. HEIGHT_OR_DEPTH_UPSTREAM Height above
water level on upstream side. HYDRO_DEPTH_OR_HEIGH
T_INFO Information about the accuracy or
availability of depth or uncovering height of the
object. LENGTH_OR_DIAMETER A measurement of the
longer of two linear axes. For a square object,
measure either axis. For a round object, measure
the diameter. For a bridge, the length is the
distance between the bridge abutments. RAMP_OR_GAT
E_POS The position of the ramp or gate in terms
of fractional deployment from a fully
stowed/retracted/closed state. SMOKE_TYPE_OR_LOCAT
ION The type or origin of smoke. TRACK_OR_LANE_C
OUNT The number of track(s) or lanes of the
object, including both directions. TREE_OR_CANOPY_
COVER Canopy cover measured by fraction within
the delineated object extents during the summer
season. VERTICAL_OR_SOUNDING_DATUM The
vertical, typically tidal, datum to which
soundings and drying heights are referenced. It
is usually taken to correspond to a low water
stage of the tide. (Also known as Chart Sounding
Datum.) WASTE_OR_SCRAP_TYPE Identifies type of
waste/scrap within the delineated object's
extents.
Legend Examples of Alternative Names and
Multiple Concepts
8
EAC Proposed Resolution

• 1. Alternative names should be resolved to a
  single name
• 2. Additional EACs should be introduced for
  atomic concepts,
• E.g., CANOPY_POSITION, HATCH_POSITION
• 3. The existing composite concept should be
  tied to them,
• 4. A new generalized Label applied to the
  composite concept where appropriate, e.g.
• CANOPY_OR_HATCH_POSITION1 The position of the
  canopyor primary hatch. May be further
  delineated specifically asEAC CANOPY_POSITION
  or EAC HATCH_POSITION.
• CANOPY_POSITION The position of the canopy.
  (See also CANOPY_OR_HATCH_POSITION and
  HATCH_POSITION.)
• HATCH_POSITION The position of the primary
  hatch. (See also CANOPY_OR_HATCH_POSITION and
  CANOPY_POSITION.)

1 Perhaps ACCESS_COVERING_POSITION
Hyperlinked
9
ORs in Attribute Enumerates

• 267 cases of EEC Labels including OR
• Listed on next slide
• 460 additional cases where the definition
  includes the term or which may indicate two
  more atomic (distinct) concepts, but is not
  reflected in an OR in the current Label
• The specific case of EECs where the list of
  enumerates appears to reflect multiple explicit
  or implied atomic (distinct) concepts is
  addressed in later slides
• Current use of or in Labels is not consistent
• Appear to be two distinct cases
• Alternative names for same concept
• ABANDONED_OR_DISUSED
• ROCK_OR_ROCKY
• TOWN_OR_TOWNSHIP
• Different atomic concepts
• AIRPORT_OR_FIELD
• REAR_OR_UPPER
• SNOW_OR_ICE

Since the Label is not definitive, one must
examine the definition in order to make a final
determination.
10
Legend Examples of Alternative Names and
Multiple Concepts
11
EEC Proposed Resolution

• 1. Alternative names should be resolved to a
  single name
• 2. Additional EECs should be introduced for
  atomic concepts,
• E.g., AIRPORT, AIRFIELD
• 3. The existing composite concept should be
  tied to them,
• 4. A new generalized Label applied to the
  composite concept where appropriate, e.g.
• AIR_TRANSPORT_SITE A defined land or water site
  used for landing, take-off, and movement of
  aircraft including associated buildings and
  facilities. May be further delineated
  specifically asEEC AIRPORT or EEC AIRFIELD.
• AIRPORT A complex for civil aircraft, comprising
  runways, hangers, and passenger facilities.
  (See also AIRFIELD and AIR_TRANSPORT_SITE .)
• AIRFIELD A land site set aside for the take-off,
  landing, and maintenance of aircraft. (See also
  AIRPORTand AIR_TRANSPORT_SITE .)

Hyperlinked within scope of current attribute
12
Express or Implied ORs in Attributes of Type
Enumerated

• Full list of occurrences has not been compiled
• Two examples appear on next few slides
• There may be additional cases where the
  definition appears to be atomic, but the list
  of enumerates appears to reflect multiple implied
  distinct concepts
• Splitting the existing composite concept into two
  (or more) new atomic EAC concepts will require
  splitting the existing set of enumerates -- this
  may result in
• An exact partitioning of existing enumerates
• Some enumerates appearing in multiple
  new-enumeration lists, but with different
  definitions
• Occasionally, the addition of new enumerates in
  the new-enumeration lists
• The mechanism for relating individual enumerates
  between attributes is more complex

13
Example 1 (1 of 3)
Current Attribute FARMING_TYPE Type of
field pattern or use. Revise CROP_ROTATION see
US T196 Method DITCH_IRRIGATION see US
T197 Field_Type GRAZING see US
T198 Method LINEAR_PLANTING_PATTERN see US
T190 Field_Pattern PERMANENT_FIELD see US
T199 Method REGULAR_PLANTING_PATTERN see US
T191 Field_Pattern SLASH_AND_BURN see US
T200 Method TERRACED see US
T192 Field_Pattern TYPE_OF_FIELD_PATTERN see
US T193 Revise
New Attributes FARMING_METHOD The
particular way agriculture is performed.
FARMING_FIELD_TYPE A general characteristic of
a field used for agriculture.
FARMING_FIELD_PATTERN The geometric layout used
in laying out seeds or young plants in an
agricultural area.
14
Example 1 (2 of 3)
FARMING_METHOD The particular way agriculture
is performed. CROP_ROTATION The process of
growing several different crops on the same land
in successive years or seasons, supporting soil
replenishment, pest and disease abatement, and so
on. GRAZING Farming to support the feeding of
livestock on low grass or vegetation on pastures
and ranges. PERMANENT_FIELD A farming area that
is continuously used for cultivation. SLASH_AND_BU
RN Farming area based on a simple method in
which existing vegetation is cut away and a field
is then cleared by burning the land is farmed
for a few years and then left fallow to
regenerate. FARMING_FIELD_TYPE1 A general
characteristic of a field used for
agriculture. DITCH_IRRIGATION Utilizing a system
of ditches for the distribution of water for
agricultural use. SPRINKLER_IRRIGATION2
Utilizing an aerial mist or spray rather than
applying water directly on the soil
surface. FARMING_FIELD_PATTERN The geometric
layout used in laying out seeds or young plants
in an agricultural area. LINEAR_PLANTING_PATTERN3
A farming area where crops are planted in a
linear arrangement. REGULAR_PLANTING_PATTERN3 A
farming area where crops are planted in a
specific and uniform arrangement. TERRACED
Cultivation areas utilizing a long, low ridge of
earth across a slope with a flat or graded
channel to stop soil erosion and control the
runoff of water.
1 Revise to IRRIGATION? 2 Not current
enumerant 3 Delete
15
Example 1 (3 of 3)
FARMING_TYPE Type of farming method, field, or
planting pattern. May be further delineated
specifically as EAC FARMING_METHOD, EAC
FARMING_FIELD_TYPE or EAC FARMING_FIELD_PATTERN.
CROP_ROTATION See EEC FARMING_METHOD CROP
ROTATION. DITCH_IRRIGATION See EEC
FARMING_FIELD_TYPE DITCH IRRIGATION. GRAZING
See EEC FARMING_METHOD GRAZING. LINEAR_PLANTIN
G_PATTERN See EEC FARMING_FIELD PATTERN
LINEAR. PERMANENT_FIELD See EEC
FARMING_METHOD PERMANENT. REGULAR_PLANTING_PATTE
RN See EEC FARMING_FIELD PATTERN
REGULAR. SLASH_AND_BURN See EEC
FARMING_METHOD SLASH_AND_BURN. TERRACED See
EEC FARMING_FIELD PATTERN TERRACED. TYPE_OF_FIEL
D_PATTERN See EAC FARMING_FIELD_PATTERN.
Notes 1. Definition of existing attribute
revised to incorporate scope of new
attributes. 2. No local definitions of enumerates.
Hyperlinked
16
Example 2 (1 of 2)
Current Attribute MARITIME_STATION_TYPE
Equipment or activity at the site.
BOMIS BRIDGE_SIGNAL CAMERA COAST_GUARD
FIREBOAT FIRING_PRACTICE_SIGNAL FOG_SIG
NAL FORACS_TRANSDUCER_77 ICE_SIGNAL INTERNAT_
PORT_SIGNALS LIFEBOAT_OR_RESCUE LOCK_SIGNAL MARI
NE_POLICE NMH PILOT PILOT_LOOKOUT P
ORT_CONTROL RADAR_SURVEILLANCE RADAR_TARGET
SEMAPHORE SIGNAL SIGNAL_MAST SIGNAL_TRA
FFIC SONAR_TARGET STA STORM_SIGNAL
STREAM_SIGNAL THEODOLITE TIDAL_CURRENT_SIGNAL
TIDE_SIGNAL TIME_BALL TIME_SIGNAL TRAFF
IC_SIGNAL TRANSIT_HUT UEWS UNMANNED_OC
EAN UQC_WQC WARNING WEATHER_SIGNAL
New Attributes MARITIME_STATION_EQUIPMENT
The tools, systems, and support paraphernalia
located at a maritime station.
MARITIME_STATION_ACTIVITY The activity
conducted at a maritime station.
MARITIME_STATION_SIGNAL The type of signal
provided by a maritime station.
17
Example 2 (2 of 2)
MARITIME_STATION_TYPE Type of equipment
available, activity conducted, or signal provided
by a maritime station. May be further delineated
specifically as EAC MARITIME_STATION_EQUIPMENT,
EAC MARITIME_STATION_ACTIVITY or EAC
MARITIME_STATION_SIGNAL. BOMIS See EEC
MARITIME_STATION_EQUIPMENT BOMIS. See ...
MARITIME_STATION _PURPOSE COAST_GUARD LIFEBOAT_O
R_RESCUE MARINE_POLICE PILOT PILOT_LOOKOUT PORT_C
ONTROL UNMANNED_OCEAN
MARITIME_STATION_EQUIPMENT BOMIS CAMERA FIREBO
AT FORACS_TRANSDUCER_77 LIFEBOAT_OR_RESCUE NMH NO
_EQUIP_AVAIL RADAR_SURVEILLANCE RADAR_TARGET SEMAP
HORE SIGNAL SIGNAL_MAST SIGNAL_TRAFFIC SONAR_TARG
ET STA THEODOLITE TIME_BALL TRANSIT_HUT UEWS U
QC_WQC
MARITIME_STATION _SIGNAL BRIDGE FIRING_PRACTICE
FOG ICE INTERNAT_PORT LOCK NO_SIGNAL_FUNC SIGN
AL_TRAFFIC (delete) STORM STREAM TIDAL CURRENT
TIDE TIME TRAFFIC WARNING WEATHER
Hyperlinked
18
Summary

• ECC, EAC, and EEC Labels expressing alternative
  names
• The Label should be revised to express a single
  name
• ECC, EAC, and EEC Codes expressing multiple
  concepts
• Additional ECCs, EACs, or EECs should be
  introduced for appropriate new atomic concepts
• The composite concept definition should be tied
  to the new atomic concepts through the use of the
  phrase May be further delineated specifically
  as plus appropriately hyperlinked references to
  the new atomic concepts
• A new generalized Label should be applied to
  the composite concept as appropriate (this may
  not be possible in all cases)
• EACs of type enumerated with express or implied
  ors
• Additional EACs should be introduced for
  appropriate new atomic concepts
• The definition of the existing composite
  concept EAC should be revised to incorporate
  exactly the scope of the new EACs
• The enumerates of the existing composite
  concept EAC should be defined through the use of
  the phrase See plus an appro-priately
  hyperlinked reference to a new atomic-EAC
  enumerate