T

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Kongruens og tællelighed. Kongruens betyder, at
subjekt (grundled) og verballed (udsagnsled) skal
passe sammen. Tællelighed betyder, at
substantivet (navneordet) kan tælles, dvs det kan
få en ubestemt artikel, og talord foran sig og
det kan få en flertalsendelse sættes i
flertal.
På dansk ændrer et verballed (udsagnsled) sig
ikke i forhold til grundleddet. Det hedder det
samme i alle personer og tal.
MEN
I præsens (nutid) har de fleste engelske verber
(udsagnsord) to former. Den særlige form bruges i
3. Person singularis (ental). I live in
Denmark. We live in Denmark You live in
Denmark You two live in Denmark He /she lives
in Denmark They live in Denmark
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A singular subject demands a singular verb a
plural subject demands a plural verb. That is the
simple principle behind subject-verb agreement.
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Singularis (Ental) eller pluralis (flertal)?
Nogle gange må man se lidt ekstra godt efter for
at bestemme hvilken form verbet skal have. Her
kommer 3 regler, der er gode at huske

• Ved There is/there are er det det efterfølgende
  egentlige grundled, der bestemmer om verballeddet
  skal stå i singularis eller pluralis.
• There is some ice cream in the freezer
• There is someone to see you
• There are some cans of beer in the fridge
• There are many visitors in the museum today

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2. Ved udtryk som a lot of / lots of / plenty of
er det substantivet (navneordet), der følger
efter, der bestemmer hvilket tal verballeddet
skal stå i.
A lot of time was wasted waiting in the airport A
lot of books have to be read before the end of
the year Lots of rivers are polluted There were
plenty of people on the platform already
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3. Når de relative pronomener (henførende
stedord) who, which og that er subjekt (grundled)
afgøres verballeddets (udsagnsleddets) tal af det
ord, som pronomenet viser tilbage til.
Here is a list of books which are all worth
reading I have got something here which/that
reminds me of your father
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Some of the students in the cafeteria have
finished their lunch already.
Some of the grain was ruined by the flood.
Students is countable, but we cannot count the
grain it is one lump, one quantity.
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• Dansk og engelsk er i ca. 90 af tilfældene enige
  om, hvilke ord der ikke kan tælles, og som derfor
  ikke kan findes i pluralis (flertal). Det er fx
  ord som mel, sukker, guld.
• Her er nogle regler, der skal huskes
• Alle ord, der ender på body, -one, og thing er
  altid singularis/ental på engelsk
• Everybody is here today
• No one was absent
• Everything is lost

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2. Ordene people, police og clothes er altid
pluralis/flertal på engelsk People have
generally grown taller since the Middle Ages The
police know the place My clothes were stolen
while I was out swimming
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3. Ord, der på en måde består af to dele, fx en
saks, en tang, en kikkert er altid
pluralis/flertal på engelsk. The scissors are in
the drawer. Where are the the pliers / the
tongs? My binoculars are usually on my desk in my
study. My trousers are brand new.
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Ord som altid er singularis/ental på dansk, men
som kan tælles på engelsk
DANSK ENGELSK Værktøj tools Legetøj toys Ukru
dt weeds
Der er meget ukrudt i min have. There are many
weeds in my garden.
Du skal samle alt legetøjet op. You have to pick
up all the toys.
Vil du være venlig at række mig de to stykker
værktøj, der ligger ligger på bordet? Could you
please hand me the two tools that are on the
table?
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Ord som altid er singularis/ental på engelsk, men
som kan tælles på dansk
Advice, bread, furniture, information, luck,
money, news og progress
Most of the money was spent on wine and women The
information you gave me was wrong The furniture
was ugly There is no news The advice was valuable
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Kollektiver Er ord som kan ses enten som en
samlet enhed (og opfattes så som
singularis/ental) eller som en samling individer
( og opfattes så som pluralis/flertal).
Audience committee company crew enemy
family firm government public staff - team
Enheden Individerne The
Government has proposed a new law
- The Government are debating the new
laws His family comes from Scotland
- His family are all
clergymen The committee was set up to investigate
the problem - The committee have decided to
recommend
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Logisk flertal ( Distributivt pluralis)
Der bruges pluralis/flertal i sætninger af denne
type He lost his life MEN They lost their lives
(De havde hver et liv at miste)
Andre eksempler Weve made up our minds The two
brothers had different views Peter and John were
lying on their backs The property changed
hands The first and the second chapters are
boring Translate lines 34 to 55.
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