Architecture

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Unit 9

• Architecture

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Part I Warming up

• Section A. Vienna
• Vocabulary
• coffer a large strong chest for holing money,
  jewels, or other valuable objects???
• ornate having a great deal of decoration not
  simple adj.???, ???, (??)???
• opulent having or showing great wealth??
• guilder ???

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• fresco painting in water color on a surface
  usu. of a wall, made of wet plaster
• n.????????????, ??

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chandelier

• a usu. large branched decorative holder for
  candles or electric lights, usu. hanging from the
  ceiling ????as crystal chandelier

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• catacomb an underground burial place made up of
  many passages and rooms????
• jumble larger than others of the same kind

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Versailles

• Versailles A city of north-central France
  west-southwest of Paris. It is best known for its
  magnificent palace, built by Louis XIV in the
  mid-17th century, where the treaty ending World
  War I was signed in 1919. Population 91,494.

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Habsburg

• A royal German family that supplied rulers to a
  number of European states from the late Middle
  Ages until the 20th century. The Hapsburgs
  reached the height of their power under Charles V
  of Spain. When Charles abdicated (1558), the
  empire was divided between the Spanish and
  Austrian lines. The Spanish branch ceased to rule
  after 1700 and the Austrian branch after 1918.
• n.(Hapsburg)??????

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Schonbrunn Palace

• This palace of nearly 1,500 rooms was completed
  in the early 18th century as a smaller model of
  Versailles. In earlier times it served as summer
  residence to various Habsburg rulers Due to this
  historical importance, its beautiful location and
  its gardens this palace is one of the very top
  sights in Vienna. Furthermore the entire complex
  was added to the UNESCO's world cultural heritage
  list.

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Rococo

• A style of art, especially architecture and
  decorative art, that originated in France in the
  early 18th century and is marked by elaborate
  ornamentation, as with a profusion of scrolls,
  foliage, and animal forms.
• adj.?????, ?????

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St. Stephens Cathedral

• Gothic cathedral in the city center was the site
  of Mozart's funeral in 1791. Its lace-stone spire
  has become Vienna's signature. Its construction
  began in the 12th century during the reign of
  Ottokar II of Bohemia. The cathedral, devastated
  during World War II, was so essential to the
  Austrian identity that all Bundeslander (Regional
  States) contributed to its reconstruction.
  Austria's most prominent national symbol, this
  magnificent cathedral is known for its
  intricately tiled roof and its nearly
  500-foot-tall South Tower, which provides amazing
  views of the entire city.

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Imperial Burial Vaults

• A burial chamber for the royal family, especially
  when underground. The intestines (?) of the dead
  bodies of Habsurgs are kept in the copper
  urns.(??).

• Copper urn

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Hofburg

• The city's stately imperial palace once served as
  the residence of the powerful Hapsburg emperors
  and today is home to several museums

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Baroque

• relating to, or characteristic of a style in art
  and architecture developed in Europe from the
  early 17th to mid-18th century, emphasizing
  dramatic, often strained effect and typified by
  bold, curving forms, elaborate ornamentation, and
  overall balance of disparate partsn.?????????????
  , ????adj.?????, ?????, ?????

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Gothic

• Of or relating to an architectural style
  prevalent in western Europe from the 12th through
  the 15th century and characterized by pointed
  arches, rib vaulting, and a developing emphasis
  on verticality and the impression of height.
  n.??? adj.????, ???

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ornate caskets

• A coffin

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Renaissance

• The humanistic revival of classical art,
  architecture, literature, and learning that
  originated in Italy in the 14th century and later
  spread throughout Europe. The period of this
  revival, roughly the 14th through the 16th
  century, marking the transition from medieval to
  modern times.

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Instructions

• You are going to hear a description abut the most
  outstanding monuments in Viennaa royal city.
  Listen and supply the missing words. Try to get
  the ideas before you start to write down the
  missing words.

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Key to Ex.

• Europe enrich empire palaces buildings opera
  house museums and libraries government
  buildings themselves Vienna
• cost 1 million 260 gold precious
• 35-foot frescoes crystal mirrors
• skyline 450 343 12th
• copper urns ornate caskets visited.

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• Pedestrian malls ruins underground museum.
• The Museum of Fine Arts2,600 jumble times
  styles 13th 1700s

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Palais du Louvre

• Vocabulary
• art gallery ???
• transparency A transparent object, especially a
  photographic slide that is viewed by light
  shining through it from behind or by projection.
  The quality or state of being transparent. ??

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• complement To serve as somethingg that
  completes, makes up a whole, or brings to
  perfection to
• Roses in a silver bowl complement the handsome
  cherry table.
• continuity The state or quality of being
  continuous. An uninterrupted succession or flow
  a coherent whole

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Palais du Louvre  

• A castle was built around 1190 and in 1370 this
  castle was converted into a Palace on the orders
  of King Charles V. This was demolished in 1527
  and a Renaissance design was planned for Francis
  I, completed during the reign of Henry II.
  Further developments continued until in 1667. In
  1678 the royal residence moved to Versaille and
  the Palais du Louvre became an art gallery. The
  Lourve became the "Museum Napoleon" in 1803 and
  further work was completed along Rue Rivoli.
  During the reign of Napoleon III, the Tuileries
  and the Louvre palaces were linked and further
  courtyards completed

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Glass Pyramid The Louvre Pyramid

• In the 1980s, Chinese-American architect I.M Pei
  designed the celebrated pryamid in the main
  courtyard. This leads into a new central
  circulation space for the main wings of the
  galleries and as a visual centre point for the
  vast sprawling exterior.

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B1. Instructions

• You are going to hear an introduction of Palais
  du Louvre and Louvre Pyramid. Complete the
  following facts

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Key to Ex. B1.

• The Palais du Louvre
• Location heart of Paris.
• Beginning year of construction 1527
• Time when first used as a public art gallery 1793

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The Louvre Pyramid

• Designer Ieoh Ming Pei
• Use the main entrance to the Palais du Louvre
• Height 21m
• Width 33m
• Materials steel tubes cables glass sheet
• Year of completion 1988

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B2.Instructions

• You are going to hear an architect commenting on
  the Louvre Pyramid. Fill in the blanks according
  to what you hear on the tape.

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Key to Ex.

• 1)      transparency light
• 2)      shapes beauty
• 3)      contradictory in dialogue complement
• 4) mistake similar

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Part II Eco-conscious construction

• A. A speech by former U.S. president Bill Clinton
  on how to deal with global warming

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 Vocabulary

• outage A quantity or portion of something
  lacking after delivery or storage.
• A temporary suspension of operation, especially
  of electric power.
• besiege To cause to feel distressed or worried
  She was besieged by problems.
• erratic Lacking consistency, regularity, or
  uniformity????????
• an erratic heartbeat.
• Deviating from the customary course in conduct
  or opinion eccentric erratic behavior.
• ??????

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• devastating
• destroying
• insulation
• protection from heat loss or electricity
• contractor
• a person or company providing material or
  services at an agreed price
• retrofit
• to alter or change
• ?...?????
• swelter to affect with oppressive heat
• thriving prosperous

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Tennessee

• A state of the southeast United States.
• It was admitted as the 16th state in 1796
• Nashville is the capital and Memphis the largest
  city.
• Population 4,896,641

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Tennessee
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Key to Ex.

• Short term measure
• Releasing 100 million to the 11 hottest states
• Providing new crisis assistance to low-income
  families
• a. repairing and replacing air-conditioners and
  fans
• b. installing insulation
• c. giving advice on the best way to keep homes
  cool

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Long term measures

• Multipart initiatives for Federal Government
• Retrofitting federal buildings and other
  facilities with the best energy-saving technology
• Replacing conventional light bulbs and fixtures
  with more efficient fluorescents
• Bringing existing buildings up to EPAs Energy
  Star standard of energy efficiency
• Adopting sustainable design guidelines to
  reduce energy

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Part III. Tomorrows house

• Pre-listening discussion
• What is home automation?
• In your opinion, what are some of the things that
  could be examples of home automation?
• What are some of the main interests in creating
  automated houses?
• Can home automation offer benefits and lifestyle
  improvements for elderly and disabled people?
  Imagine now.

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Vocabulary

• gee-whiz
• astonishing an exclamation of surprise,
  astonishment etc.
• spa a usu. Fashionable place with a spring of
  mineral water where people come for cures various
  diseases

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• coax to ask gently and repeatedly for soothing
• thermostat an apparatus that can be set to keep
  a room, machine, etc. at an even temperature by
  disconnecting and reconnecting a supply of heat
  when necessary

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• intriguing
• very interesting, esp. because of some strange
  quality fascinating
• abound
• to exist in large numbers or great quantity
• floodlight
• a large electric light that produces a very
  powerful and bright beam of light, used for
  lighting the outside of buildings, football
  grounds, etc. at night
• ???

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• skylight
• a glass-covered opening in a roof
• drapery
• curtain
• infrared
• ????

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Key to Ex. B

• Safety
• Security systems that detect
• _________________________________________________
  _____________
• Security systems that limit home access
  _____________________ and tell you
  ______________________ are open.

fires, gas and water leaks, intruders, unwelcome
guests, etc.
to specific times of the day
which doors and windows
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Energy-efficiency

• Lights that _______________ when you leave a room
• _______ that help open skylights, turn on ceiling
  fans and close the draperies when the house
  reaches a certain temperature.

turn themselves off
Sensors
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Convenience

• Appliances that tell you when something is wrong
  with them.
• Security system, spa, lights, CD player, garage
  door, thermostat, stereo, etc. that can be
  controlled while in the house or remotely from a
  touch-tone phone or computer and modem.
• Lifestyle improvements form elderly and disabled
  people voice command, infrared remote control,
  etc.

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Part IV Housing problems

• A conversation between husband and wife

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Vocabulary

• demolish to destroy (esp. a large structure)
  pull or tear down
• petition (a piece or pieces of paper containing
  ) a request or demand made to a government or
  other body, usu. signed by many people
• Salt Lane

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OUTLINE

• I. The problem being discussed
• The demolition of some old buildings to make room
  for the erection of office blocks

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II. Facts and ideas presented by the wife

• A. pulling down old houses and selling the land
  to a property company to build office
  blocksdoing nothing about it
• B. housing new homes office blocks
• C. complaining the matter is receiving attention
• D. promised to sign
• E. people wont put up with this sort of thing

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III. Facts and ideas presented by the husband.

• A. in pretty bad
• B. in business a good price
• C. they are doing
• D. moving offices to one of the new office