Continuous Dioxin/Furan and

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Continuous Dioxin/Furan and Particulate
Matter Monitoring Systems
Errin Pichard Emissions Monitoring
Section Florida Department of Environmental
Protection May 10, 2007
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Dioxin/Furan Monitoring Systems
Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins
Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans
-over 200 different compounds
Stack tests performed using EPA Method 23
Much interest in Florida for D/F CEMS due to
frequent exceedances of limits based on Method
23 stack tests.
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Dioxin/Furan Monitoring Systems
Two types of systems have been verified by EPA. .
. .
Automated isokinetic sampling system
- Not a CEMS!! an automated sampler - Samples for
a user-defined period (typically 2 4 weeks) -
Control box maintains isokinetic sampling rate
and records stack parameters - D/F collected
on cartridge (XAD-2, PUF, etc) - Laboratory
analysis
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Dioxin/Furan Monitoring Systems
ETV Verified
AMESA Sampling Probe
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Dioxin/Furan Monitoring Systems
Semi-Continuous Laser-based mass spectrometry
system

• ionization of selected molecules
• time of flight mass spectrometer
• provides near real time data

ETV Verified
RIMMPA-TOFMS (USEPA)
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Particulate Matter Monitoring Systems
Two common types
Beta Attenuation (Beta Gauge)
Optical-Based
Others
Probe Electrification
Acoustic
Progress Energy Bartow Plant 1965 (Florida
Photographic Archives)
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Particulate Matter Monitoring Systems
Beta Attenuation Systems -
PM is deposited on filter tape
Mass is determined from radiation absorption
Primary concerns are related to the sampling
train operation

• isokinetic
• heated umbilical
• filter tape supply

Relatively expensive
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Particulate Matter Monitoring Systems
Optical-Based Systems -
? Light Scattering
? Opacity (Light Extinction)
? Frequency Modulation
Require correlation to manual PM sampling data
over the range of operating conditions.
Less expensive than beta attenuation monitors.
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Particulate Matter Monitoring Systems
The most important consideration when selecting a
PM monitoring system is the stack gas conditions.
Saturated or near-saturated conditions
? optical systems will see droplets as PM
Variable particle size distribution
? might need multiple correlation factors
PM monitoring systems are certified in accordance
with EPAs Performance Specification 11.
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QUESTIONS?