MENTAL HEALTH

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• MENTAL HEALTH
• PREPARED BY
• MAHESH PALLOORR, MSW, M.Phil
• LECTURER,
• DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK,
• KODAIKANAL CHRISTIAN COLLEGE,
• PARADISE HILL, KODAIKANAL
• DINDIGUL DISRICT
• TAMILNADU, INDIA
• Email maheshpalloorr_at_gmail.com
• Blogpalloorrchapter.blogspot.com
• Ph 0947857804
• 09446669970

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• INTRODUCTION

EMPATHY
PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL WORK
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• MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSION
• A number of professions have developed
  specializing in mental disorders,
• including the medical specialty of psychiatry,
  divisions of psychology known as
• clinical psychology, abnormal psychology,
  positive psychology, applied behavior
• analysis, behavior therapy, clinical or mental
  health social work, mental health
• counselors, marriage and family therapists,
  psychotherapists, counselors and
• public Health professionals. Different clinical
  and academic professions tend to
• favor differing models, explanations and goals.
• HEALTH
• W H O Defines Health is a complete state of
  Physical ,Mental Social and Spiritual Well-Being,
  and not merely the absence of disease or
  infirmity.
• IT INCLUDES
• A sound, Efficient Mind and Controlled Emotions

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• UNIT I

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• MENTAL HEALTH

Mental health is a term used to describe either a
level of cognitive or emotional well-being or an
absence of a mental disorder.Mental health may
include an individual's ability to enjoy life and
procure a balance between life activities and
efforts to achieve psychological resilience.
DEFENITION The World Health Organization defines
mental health as a state of well-being in which
the individual realizes his or her own abilities,
can cope with the normal stresses of life, can
work productively and fruitfully, and is able to
make a contribution to his or her community.
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• MENTAL ILLNESS
• Mental illness is a disturbance of the
  relationship between the adaptive capacity of an
  individual on the one hand and his environmental
  on the other.
• A mentally sick person is unable to cope with the
  stress and strain of life.
• CAUSES OF MENTAL ILLNESS
• Heredity Cerebral Dysfunction
• Constitution Psychological Changes
• Sexual Problems Biochemical Disorder
• Physical Illness Childhood Insecurities
• Social Problems Inter Intra Family
  Problems
• Gambling Organizational Problems
• Sexual Problems Metabolic and Endocrine
  Disturbance
• Traumatic Events Environmental Problems
• Scholastic Backwardness Financial Problems

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• TYPES OF MENTAL ILLNESS
• Organic Disorders Mental and Behavioural
  Disorders
• Functional Disorder Mental Disturbance due to
  Physical Illness
• Neurosis Mental Disturbance due to Sexual
  Disorders
• Somatoform Disorder Personality Disorders
• Mental Retardation Sleep Disorder
• Delusional Disorder Psychiatric Emergencies
• Epilepsy Substance use Mental Disorder
• MISCONCEPTION ABOUT MENTAL ILLNESS
• Mental illness is incurable
• No treatment available for mental illness
• Mental illness is something to be ashamed of
• Mentally ill persons should be treated only in
  mental health care centre
• Prevalence of mental illness is low in India

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• PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
• A psychiatric Disorder is any disequilibrium or
  disturbance
• Between Cognition, Conation and Affection of a
  persons personality.
•  
• CONGITIVE (Thought) AFFECTIVE (Feeling) CONATION
  (Action)
•  
• Knowledge Receiving
  Impulsion
• Comprehension Valuing Control
  
  
• Application Conceptualisation
  Co-ordination
  
  
• Analysis Organisation
• Synthesis Characteristic of
  a value system
  
  
• Evaluation

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• MODELS OF NORMALITY
• MEDICAL MODEL
• STATISTICAL MODEL
• UTOPIAN MODEL
• SOCIAL MODEL
• CHARECTERISTIC OF A NORMAL MAN
• Reality orientation
• Self awareness and self knowledge.
• Self esteem and self acceptance.
• Behavioural Controls.
• Effective Relationships.
• Goal directive activities.

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• HISTORY OF PSYCHIATRY IN INDIA

• In 17th century
• As witches.
• Deviant behavior
• Socially unacceptable
• Evil to Ill.
• As mad or insane
• Origins of Asylums.
• The first Psychiatrist
• Treatment method

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• SYSTEMS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE IN NDIA
• Ayurveda
• Unani System
• Siddha System
• Revolution In Psychiatry
• First Revolution
• Second revolution
• Third revolution

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• HISTORY OF INSTITUTIONALIZED CARE
• King Ashoka,
• Sri Veera Cholaeswara hospital
• . Private lunatic asylum
• First lunatic Asylum, Bombay Asylum,
• The central mental hospital
• First asylum for insane soldiers
• Occupational Therapy
• Concept of Therapeutic community
• Recreational facilities,
• Outdoor games and Picnics.
• Maulana Fazulur-Lah Hakim

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• HISTORY OF INSTITUTIONALIZED CARE
• NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEURO
  SCIENCES
• NATIONAL MENTAL HEALTH PROGRAM 1982.
  (NMPH)GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRIC UNITS (GHPU)
• COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRYMENTAL HEALTH CAMPS IN
  INDIA VOLUNTARY HEALTH SECTOR (VHS) IN MENTAL
  HEALTH
• PSYCHIATRIC SOCIAL WORK
• MENTAL HEALTH ACT
• PSYCHOTHERAPY
• RESEARCH
• CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION (CME)
• INDIAN PSYCHIATRIC SOCIETY (IPS)
• PRESENT SCENARIO OF PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES IN INDIA

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• ITERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF MENTAL ILLNESS
• PURPOSE OF CLASSIFICATION
• To enable the communication, regarding diagnosis
• To facilitate the comprehension of the
  underlying causes
• To aid prediction of the prognosis
• The first attempt Plato (4th Century BC)
• AT PRESENT
• ICD-10
• International Classification of
  Disease-10th Revision
• DSM-IV
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
  Disorders- Riv2000

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• CLASSIFICATIONS
• FOO-FO9 F10-F19 F20-F29 F30-F39
  F31-F39
• F40-F48 F49-F60 F70-F79 F80-F89
  F90-F98
• MENTAL ILLNESS AND SOCIAL WORK
• Mental illness Awareness Week
• Mental Status Examination
• Mini Mental Status Examination
• Community Mental Health Services
• Crisis Intervention
• Mental Health Court

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• ASSIGNMENTS

1- History of Psychiatry in India and Abroad 2-
Role of Social Work in Mental Health
Institution 3- Mood Disorder 4- Anti Social
Behavior FUTURE READING PSYCHIATRIC SOCIAL
WORK PSYCHOTHERAPY INDIAN PSYCHIATRIC SOCIETY
(IPS)
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• UNIT II

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• NEUROSIS
• Neurosis defined as the presence of a symptoms
  which cause subjective distress to the patient
• ANXIETY DISORDERS
• PHOBIA
• OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD)
• STRESS
• ADJUSTMENTAL PROBLEMS

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• CONVERSION DISORDER
• a)Dissosative Motor Disorder b) Hysterical Fits
• PSYCHOSIS
• a) Schizophrenia b) Mood Disorder c) Bipolar
  Disorder
• ORGANIC DISORDER
• Dementia
• Alzheimer's
• Organic Hallucination
• Organic Delusional Disorder
• Organic Anxiety Disorder
• Organic Personality Disorder

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• ASSIGNMENTS

1- Epilepsy and Mental Retardation 2-
Psychopharmacology 3- Indigenous Method 4-
Community Psychiatry FUTURE READING Suicide Subst
ance Use
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• UNIT III

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• PSYCHOSOMATOFORM DISORDER
• Somatization Disorder
• Hypocondriasis
• Somatoform Autonomic Dysfunction
• SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER
• Acute Intoxication
• Withdrawal State
• Dependence Syndrome
• Harmful Use

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PERSONALITY
.
Personality means What will a person in a given
situation. Personality can be described as how
person affects others, how he understands and
views himself, and his pattern of inner and outer
measurable traits
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PERSONALITY THEORIES

• TYPE THEORY gt CARL JUNG
• Introvert
• Extrovert
• TRAITS THEORY- All port, Cattells
• The person describe himself by answering
  questions about his attitude, feeling and
  behavior.
• PSYCHO ANALYTICAL THEORY- Sigmund Freud
• The ID- No rules, animalistic,
  pleasure seeking.
• The Ego- Reality oriented, self
  control.
• The Super Ego- Behave as the standard of
  society.

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PERSONALITY AND PERSONALITY DISORDERS
PERSONALITY DISORDERS
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MEANING OF PERSONALITY DISORDER

• Personality Disorder is a Disturbance of
  Harmonious Social Adjustment.
• Due to Personality Disorder the Person, his/her
  Family and Society is Also Suffering.
• ETIOLOGY Cause's
• Any Kind of Demonstrable Brain Tissues Damage,
  Mental Sub-normality, Psychotic or Neurotic
  Pattern of Behavior,
• Traumatic Events,
• Hereditary and Socio-Culture Factor,
• Political Factor and Attachment Experience.

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1- SCHEZOID PERSONALITY

• 1- INTROVERT CHARACTER
• 2- NEITHER DESIRE NOR
• ENJOY
• 3- SOLITARY ACTIVITY

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2- BORDERLINEPERSONALITY

• 1- CHRONIC FEELING OF EMPTINESS
• 2- SHOW
• PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS FOR A LONG
  TIME.

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3- HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER

• 1- ATTENTION GETTING
• BEHAVIOR
• 2- DIFFERENTIAL SPEECH
• 3- GIVE IMPORTANCE IN DRESSING

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4- ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
1- PHYSICALLY CRUCIAL TO
OTHERS
2- ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
3- FORCE SOME ONE TO DO
SEX WITH HIM / HER
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5- MULTIPLE PERSONALITY DISORDER
1- The person shows two or more
character in a same time. 2- The
person imitates beloved once character
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6- PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
1- Quick to react with anger or counter
attack 2- Suspiciousness 3- Suspect spouse
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7- AVOIDENT PERSONAITY
1- Easily hurt by criticisms 2-No friends
and confidence
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8-PASSIVE AGGRESSIVE PERSONALITY
1- Slow work 2- Think that s/he is right
than others 3- Failing to do his/her share
of work 4- Blaming others for personal
satisfaction
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9- DEPENDING PERSONALITY
1- Lack of decision making power. 2-
Difficulties to take initiative. 3- Dont
extend Help to even close friends.
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10 - OBSESSIVE COMPULSSIVE PERSONALITY
1- Washing, checking, door locking. 2- Over
consciousness. 3- Excessive doubt. 4- Try to
correct again and again.
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TREATMENTS

• 1- Behavioral Modification (Anti S B )
• 2- Aversion Therapy
• 3- Modeling
• 4- Case work and Group work
• 5- Counseling
• 6- Cognitive Therapy
• 7- Electro-Convulsive Therapy (ECT)
• 8- Psycho surgery

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• SEXUAL DISORDERS
• Gender Identity Disorder
• Sexual Development Maturation Disorder
• Paraphilia
• Sexual Dysfunction

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• PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS AMONG CHILDREN ADOLESCENCE
• a) Sleep Disorders b) Eating Disorders c) Post
  Partum Disorders
• EPILEPSY
• a) Grand Mal b) Petit Mal c)
  Psycho Motor Epilepsy
• MENTAL RETARDATION
• a) Mild b) Moderate c) Severe d) Profound

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• ASSIGNMENT
• Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
• Stigma
• New Parent Blue
• FUTURE READING
• Psychological Problems Among Caregivers
• Mental Health Institutions

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• UNIT IV

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• PHYSICAL THERAPY
• a) Neurological b) Orthopedics c) c) Pediatric
• d) Geriatric e) E C T
• PHARMACHOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT
• a) Antipsychotic b) Antidepressants c) Mood
  Stabilizer
• d) Anti-Anxiety Hypnosedative e) Anti
  Epileptics
• PSYCHO-SOCIAL METHOD
• Psycho-Social Rehabilitation
• IDEGENOUS METHODS
• a) Yoga b) Meditation c) Mantra d) Prayer

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• CULTURAL BOUND SYNDROME
• Dhat Syndrome
• Amok
• Kora
• Whitigo
• Pibilokto
• Latha

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• ASSIGNMENTS

1- Dhat Syndrome 2- Amok 3- Kora 4-
Whitigo FUTURE READING Indian Cultural Bound
Syndrome Sexual Dissatisfaction
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• UNIT V

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• COMMUNITY PSYCHIATRY
• Mental Hygiene Movement
• National Mental Health Program
• Treatment Subprogram
• Rehabilitation Subprogram
• Prevention Subprogram
• World Mental Health Report 2001

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• ASSIGNMENTS
• 1- Mental Health Act
• 2- Electro Convulsive Therapy
• 3- Rehabilitation
• 4- Psychotherapy
• FUTURE READING
• Psycho-Astrology
• Medical Astrology

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• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• A Short Book of Psychiatry
• By
• Neeraja Ahooja