Using our Brains

1
Using our Brains

• Brain donor program
• Web based questionnaire
• 82 response rate
• Female, young, tertiary education, no religious
  affiliation
• Help science, medicine community

2

• 78 - transplant organ donors
• Most thought that brain was on the transplant
  organ donor list
• Most thought that research was on the list
• Dont discriminate between transplant research
• Dignity and respect

3
Tissue donation for transplantation or research
working together Robyn Flook, SA Brain Bank and
Steven Nailer, SA Tissue Bank

• The Problem
• Rate of tissue donation for transplantation or
  research does not satisfy demand.
• The Reason
• Lack of community awareness of the need for such
  donations. The time of death is an emotional and
  stressful one. End of life issues need to be
  openly discussed before such trauma.
• The Solution
• Combine our efforts (from Clinicians to
  Coordinators) to facilitate greater community
  awareness to increase numbers of registered organ
  and tissue donors.
• The Reality
• A successful collaboration with SAODA the SA
  Tissue Bank and the SA Brain Bank resulted in a
  valuable donation which would otherwise not have
  occurred.

4
(No Transcript)
5
Brain banking for neuroscience helping
scientists find causes and cures for
neuropsychiatric disorders_______________________

• I. Dedova1,2, T. Garrick,2, D. Sheedy,2, E.
  Hanks1, C. Hunt,2, V. Dedov2, and C.
  Harper,1,2,3
• Neuroscience Institute of Schizophrenia and
  Allied Disorders (NISAD)1 Discipline of
  Pathology, University of Sydney2 Royal Prince
  Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW Australia3

6
The NSW Tissue Resource Centre (TRC)

• 108 researchers 84 national 24 international.
• 260 different projects.

• 94 peer-reviewed publications.
• Growing number of requests for control tissue.
• Small amounts of tissue are required.
• Quality of tissue is satisfactory.
• 50 of researchers will approach TRC with new
  tissue requests.

7
Contact us on trc_at_med.usyd.edu.au Brain Donor
Programs http//www.braindonors.org/
The NSW TRC is supported by Neuroscience
Institute of Schizophrenia and Allied Disorders
(NISAD), the University of Sydney, Australian
Brewers Foundation, National Institute of
Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NSW Department of
Health and the National Health and Medical
Research Council of Australia.
www.nisad.org.au
8
Australian Brain Bank Network A National
Approach The majority of Australian states have
been brain banking since the early 1990s. In
2003 the Australian Brain Bank Network was formed
as a result of funding received from
Neurosciences Australia and the NHMRC to support
a cohesive nationwide approach to brain banking.
Building on the NHMRC Brain Bank Consortium
started in 1994.
Northern Territory

• Queensland
• University of Queensland

Queensland
Western Australia
?
South Australia

• New South Wales
• University of Sydney
• Prince of Wales Medical
• Research Institute

New South Wales

• Western Australia
• Royal Perth Hospital

?
?
?
Victoria

• South Australia
• Institute of Medical Veterinary
• Science
• Flinders University

?

• Victoria
• Mental Health Research Institute
• University of Melbourne
• Motor Neuron Disease Research
• Tissue Bank
• Australian National CJD Registry

Tasmania
9
Australian Prostate Cancer Collaboration
BioResource
Advances made during 2006 First 12 months
accrual of patients completed November First
human murine prostate pilot test TMAs
released November Business plan for supplementary
funding submitted November Access cost recovery
policies, application forms finalised Adoption of
CanSto Prostate database by all four collection
nodes Aims for 2007 Development of central,
website-based database for interrogation Continuat
ion of tissue microarray program Production of
DNA RNA from prostate tissue and buffy cells
10
Australian Prostate Cancer Collaboration
BioResource Year 1 Patient and Tissue Accrual
11

The Christchurch Cardioendocrine Research Group
DNA Bank

• Barry Palmer

Christchurch School of Medicine and Health
SciencesChristchurch, New Zealand
12

seeking improved prognostic markers for heart
disease patients
Kaplan-Meier survival curve of ACE haplotype
groups from the ACS cohort
p0.041

Survival
Events
Years
ACE l haplotypeother ACE haplotypes
13
Australian National Endometrial Cancer Study
(ANECS) Progress to Date
Amanda Spurdle , Penelope Webb and Kaltin
Ferguson, on behalf of the Australian National
Endometrial Cancer Study Queensland Institute of
Medical Research
14
AIMS

• Endometrial Cancer is the most common invasive
  gynaecological cancer.
• We have undertaken a case-control-family study
  to investigate the aetiology of the disease in
  Australian women.

• To clarify and identify risk factors (especially
  modifiable) considering histological subtypes
  separately
• To clarify role of genetic factors in the
  population
• To establish and maintain a biorepository and
  comprehensive database for ongoing studies
• Recruitment ongoing for all sites nationwide
• Tissue, Blood for DNA, RNA, LCLs
• Epidemiological, genetic, molecular, clinical
  information
• Baseline for outcome studies (response, relapse,
  survival)
• A network of more than 40 collaborating
  clinicians has been established for case
  recruitment and provision of pathology expertise.
  Recruitment is underway, protocols for blood
  collection and blood product banking are
  established and quality control has been
  initiated. Collection of fresh tumour tissue, and
  tumour blocks designated for research, is ongoing

15
RBWH-QIMR TISSUE BANK AND ASSOCIATED DATABASE FOR
CANCER RESEARCHSoori Manu, Suzanne Parry,
Patricia Keith, Peter Simpson, Catherine
Clarke,Sunil Lakhani and Georgia Trench

• The Tissue Bank was
• established in June 2005
• as a joint venture between
• RBWH-and QIMR.
• The tissue bank is financially aided by
• ABN.

• Collects breast tissue,
• blood, brain metastases.
• Collected 125 breast
• tissue and 45 blood
• samples.
• Issued 39 samples to
• various research groups.

16

• What we have done so far
• The tissue bank samples have been used by
  various research
• groups for
• primary cell cultures of normal tissue to
  examine early genetic
• changes and control of cell phenotype.
• Extraction/Culture of breast tumour stem cells.
• Immunohistochemical studies using normal and
  tumour cells.
• The extraction of DNA and RNA from
  micro-dissected breast
• epithelial cells.
• Shared Facilities, Services and Future Plans.
• Shares laboratory facility with QIMR, Molecular
  Pathology,
• Histopathology laboratories of UQ.
• Access to donors health records and clinical
  data.
• Remote viewing of the samples will be possible
  using Aperio
• scanscope facility.
• To be involved in sequencing of 4000 cancer
  causing genes.

17
Breast Cancer Tissue Bank

• Integration of tissue banking into routine
  clinical and diagnostic services
• Virginia James
• Tissue banking imposes resource and other demands
  on clinical departments. To minimise these
  effects and optimise the collection of material
  the following measures have been put in place
• Resources have been provided to clinics for the
  recruitment and consenting of patients which is
  best achieved at the clinical interface
• TBOs are fully integrated into Anatomical
  Pathology departments providing synergy between
  diagnostic functions of the laboratories and the
  added work load imposed by collection of tissue
  for the bank

18
Breast Cancer Tissue Bank

• The TBOs take responsibility for tracking
  consented patients through theatre schedules and
  conveying specimens to the diagnostic laboratory
  where they assist in the processing of tissue for
  the bank
• The TBO has a very high commitment to obtaining
  and correct processing of tissue bank specimens
• The TBOs are fully trained in all aspects of the
  pathology work and when not performing tissue
  bank duties they are valuable members of the
  diagnostic team and thus assist in reducing the
  overall departmental work load
• Because of the advantages the TBOs provide to the
  AP labs the tissue banking work is favourably
  viewed by other members of the diagnostic
  departments

19
Pancreatic Cancer An Agenda for Action
Hidden Killer
5- year survival rate of less than 5
Treatment outcome has not changed for 3 decades
Tissue Cohort
Tools for research

• First collaboration of specialists in Pancreatic
  cancer. Clinicians, scientists, data managers

Patient access to information and services
20
The Dream Team
November is pancreatic cancer awareness
month www.pancreaticcancer.net.au
21
Western Australian DNA Bank

• WADB was funded by the NHMRC Enabling Grant
  Scheme in January 2006, led by Professor Lyle
  Palmer
• CIs and AIs drawn from leading WA medical
  research institutes (WAIMR, PathWest, WARTN, RPH,
  SCGH, UWA, TICHR, LEI)
• Membership is by Memorandum of Understanding
  (MOU)
• Custodian retains control over DNA (use,
  access, destruction)
• WADB provides the infrastructure and personnel
  for biospecimen processing (blood, saliva, buccal
  swabs etc)
• To maximimse their safety DNA is labelled with a
  barcode and banked in two geographically separate
  locations

22
Western Australian DNA Bank

• High end informatics support is provided by WAGER
  (barcoding /- data) the informatics security
  exceeds all relevant Australian Security
  Standards
• Access to DNA is only granted to external
  researchers if written evidence of approval from
  their appropriate HREC and the Custodian(s) is
  provided
• Access Policy (using NHMRC guidelines) has been
  developed for external researchers (available
  on WADB website) other Policies
• Governance (two tier)
• (1) Management Committee (Independent Chair, CIs
  and a Consumer representative)
• (2) Advisory Committee (Independent group of
  eminent persons, including a Consumer
  representative)

23
kConFabInforming participants about genetic
test results found in a research setting. A model
of translational oncology.H Thorne, J Kirk, E
Niedermayr and J Sambrook

• Resource for research, both national and
  international
• Ascertain and recruit high risk families from
  Family Cancer Clinics
• Collect genetic, epidemiological and biological
  material
• Search for known mutations BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, p53
  - identify mutations that could cause cancer
  within these families
• Duty of care policy in place to transfer
  research mutation test results back to the
  participant

24
kConFab- kConFab ethics reference group
developed a consent and research information
sheet that provides participants the chance to
opt in/out about being informed about their
personal mutation status and - A mutation
notification letter informing all consented
participants that a family mutation of
significance has been detected- Work closely
with kConFab sub committees and all of the
Family Cancer Clinics to develop these policies
and procedures.
25
Large genomic rearrangements in BRCA1 and BRCA2
An update from kConFabAmber Willems1, Daniela
Surace1, Heather Thorne1, Jenny Leary2, Familial
Cancer Clinics and associated mutation testing
laboratories of Australia New
Zealand.1kConFab, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre,
St.Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC,
30022Familial Cancer Service, Westmead Institute
for Cancer Research, University of Sydney,
Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145.

• Large genomic rearrangements
• 10 of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in multiple
  breast cancer case families
• kConFab has recruited 1000 (1034) families for
  studies related to familial breast cancer
• BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing
• 30 have pathogenic or splice site mutation,
• 61 have no mutation in either BRCA1 or BRCA2 gt
  BRCAX
• Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification
  (MLPA) method was used to test for large genomic
  arrangements
• 500 BRCAX families have been tested 14.4
  BRCA1 LGR, 6 BRCA2 LGR
• 17 mutations identified (duplications and
  deletions) 12 BRCA1, 5 BRCA2
• mutation carriers affected with breast cancer
  with age-of-onset less than 45 years
• 65 BRCA1
• 30 BRCA2
• high occurrence of bilateral breast cancer and
  ovarian cancer is evident in BRCA1 LGR families

26
kConFab Tissue Bank Quality control of a genetic
biorespositoryDaniela Surace 1, Heather Thorne
1,Sunil Lakhani 2, and the kConFab Research
Nurses on behalf of the kConFab Consortium.
1.kConfab, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East
Melbourne, Australia. 2.Dept of Molecular and
Cellular Pathology, University of Queensland,
Herston, Australia

• Since 1997 kConFab Has Collected
• 482 fresh tissue collections.
• The bank comprises of 63 breast and 34 ovarian
  specimens and the remaining 3 being other
  tissues such as bowel, spleen and brain.
• A large proportion of prophylactic mastectomies
  and oophorectomies are collected
• Tumour tissue amounts to 16 of bank, while
  normal tissue amounts to 84 of bank.
• All tumour aliquots have undergone quality
  control- to determine the percentage tumour in
  each aliquot and majority of samples contain
  50-100 neoplastic component, other factors such
  as necrosis and normal epithelial components are
  also observed.
• QA has been performed on are large portion of
  normal breast samples where the percentage of
  normal epithelial component is the main factor
  observed. Variation of between 25-100 has been
  noted.
• Currently kConFab is providing fresh tumour and
  normal breast tissue samples for microarray
  studies.
• Large number of projects are provided with
  archival unstained sections, where a variety of
  different assays are performed and archival HE
  slides for review.

27
An Improved Agar-Based Technique for Tissue Micro
Array Construction

• Wax impregnated agar donor block
• Annealing of donor block to cores at 65oC
• Reduced sectioning artefacts
• Reduced Staining Artefacts
• Core Stacking

28
Agar Donor Block
Wax Donor Block
29
ISBER 2007
Follows the IAP meeting In Singapore May 30th
June 2nd 2007
30
SESSIONS
Standardisation and Harmonisation Informatics Hu
man Biorepositories Non-Human Biorepositories Bi
obanking Cost Recovery, Evaluation and
Funding Biobank Quality Management
Systems International Harmonisation on Legal
Ethical Issues
31
OTHER EVENTS
Tour of the Singapore Tissue Network Tour of
Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Communications
Summit (Workshop on communicating the true value
of biorepositories) Workshop on Developing and
Maintaining a Tissue Repository Night Safari
Buffet Dinner Banquet