Focus Calendar: Weeks 14

1
Focus CalendarWeeks 1-4

• Synonym and Antonym
• FCAT Testing Cluster 1
• Strand A
• LA.A.1.2.3 Grades 3, 4, and 5
• Standard 1 The student uses the reading process
  effectively.
•  

small
big
enormous
2
Did you know...
High vocabulary people not only know more words,
they know more about the words they know.

Beck, McKeown, Kucan
3
Clarifying the FCAT Benchmarks

• Grade K, 1, and 2
• Benchmark- LA.A.1.1.3
• The student uses knowledge of appropriate garde-,
  age-, and developmental-level vocabulary in
  reading.

4
Clarifying the FCAT Benchmarks

• Grade K, 1, and 2
• GLE- LA.A.1.1.3
• K-
• 1st
• 2nd knows homophones, synonyms and antonyms
  for a variety of words.

Word Choice
5
Clarifying the FCAT Benchmarks

• Grade 3, 4, and 5
• Benchmark- LA.A.1.2.3
• Uses simple strategies to determine meaning and
  increase vocabulary for reading, including the
  use of prefixes, suffixes, root words, multiple
  meanings, antonyms, synonyms, and word
  relationships.

6
What Does It Look Like on FCAT?

• 3rd Grade
• Item Type Multiple Choice
• Passage Attributes
• Passages may be literary text or informational
  text.
• Other stimuli could include, but should not be
  limited to, illustrations graphics, and charts
  with captions.
• Passages must contain a word or phrase unfamiliar
  to most third-grade students, and sufficient
  context must be present to enable students to
  infer the meaning of the word or phrase.
  Passages must contain appropriate words to assess
  knowledge of prefixes, suffixes, root words,
  multiplemeanings, antonyms, synonyms, homophones,
  compound words,and contractions.

7
What Does It Look Like on FCAT?

• 3rd Grade
• Item Type Multiple Choice
• Response Attributes Items assessing antonyms
  should not include synonyms as distractors
  similarly, items assessing synonyms should not
  include antonyms as distractors.
• 3rd Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix),
• incorrect interpretations of contractions.

8
What Does It Look Like on FCAT?

• 4th Grade
• Item Type Multiple Choice
•  

• Passage Attributes
• Passages may be literary text or informational
  text.
• Other stimuli could include, but should not be
  limited to, illustrations graphics, and charts
  with captions.
• Passages must contain a word or phrase unfamiliar
  to most fourth-grade students, and sufficient
  context must be present to enable students to
  infer the meaning of the word or phrase.
  Passages must contain appropriate words to assess
  knowledge of prefixes, suffixes, root words,
  multiple meanings, antonyms, synonyms,
  homophones.

9
What Does It Look Like on FCAT?

• 4th Grade
• Item Type Multiple Choice
• Response Attributes Items assessing antonyms
  should not include synonyms as distractors
  similarly, items assessing synonyms should not
  include antonyms as distractors.
• 4th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix).
•  

10
What Does It Look Like on FCAT?

• 5th Grade
• Item Type Multiple Choice

• Passage Attributes
• Passages may be literary text or informational
  text.
• Other stimuli could include, but should not be
  limited to, illustrations graphics, and charts
  with captions.
• Passages must contain a word or phrase unfamiliar
  to most fifth-grade students, and sufficient
  context must be present to enable students to
  infer the meaning of the word or phrase.
  Passages must contain appropriate words to assess
  knowledge of prefixes, suffixes, root words,
  multiple meanings, antonyms, synonyms, homonyms,
  homophones, and word orgins.

11
What Does It Look Like on FCAT?

• 5th Grade
• Item Type Multiple Choice
• Response Attributes Items assessing antonyms
  should not include synonyms as distractors
  similarly, items assessing synonyms should not
  include antonyms as distractors.
• 5th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix),
• plausible but incorrect responses based on the
  text.

12
Key Question Phrases

• The word ____ probably means
• ___ is a kind of _____
• ___is a synonym for
• ___means the opposite of

13
Sample Question

• Which words from the story have almost the
  same meaning?

A. complained, wondered B. passed, waited C.
puffed, popped D. watched, looked
14
Strategies for Teaching Synonyms and Antonyms

• Venn Diagram

icy
scourging
cold
sultry
frigid
hot
freezing
boiling
sizzling
frosty
burning
chilly
stifling
15
Strategies for Teaching Synonyms and Antonyms

• Semantic Map

frigid
icy
reserved aloof
cold
frosty
freezing
chilly glacial
16
Strategies for Teaching Synonyms and Antonyms

• Semantic Map

sizzling
frigid
cold
freezing
Synonyms
Antonyms
hot
People who do this or who are this
frosty
sultry
Sandy
Dana
17
Strategies for Teaching Synonyms and Antonyms

• Word Sorts

Cold
Hot
sultry
frosty
cold
burning
sultry
cold
chilly
sizzling
18
Substitute a Synonym
Substitute a synonym is a strategy that will help
you figure out words you dont know.
A snowy owl named Hedwig delivers Harry Potters
mail.
19
A snowy owl named Hedwig delivers Harry Potters
mail.

• Mine your memory and try to think of the word.
• Have you seen it in a book or heard the
  word before?
• Try to picture the word in the sentence.
• Imagine Hedwig flying into the room and
  dropping an envelope in Harrys hands.
• Think of other words that mean the same thing.
• (delivers gives, brings)
• Substitute a synonym in the sentence.
• A snowy owl named Hedwig brings Harry
  Potters mail.
• Check! Does the synonym make sense in the
  sentence? If it makes sense, you can continue
  reading. If not, try again.
• Yes, the synonym makes sense.

20
Sophisticated Synonyms
Complete the sentences by choosing the correct
word from the following
clothes costume dress uniforms
outfit garment garb
The soldiers were wearing old khaki ___ covered
with dust. At the New Years Eve party, Chris
won the first prize for best ___. Clarissa
looked nice in her pretty summer ___.
21
Alphabet-Antonyms Table
Antonyms
Target Words succeed allow remember whole back

• The teacher selects words beginning with the same
  letter.
• She prepares a two-column table ,with the
  antonyms of the target words listed in the first
  column.
• Students complete the table, in groups or
  individually, knowing only that the word in the
  second column begin with the same letter.
• After a 5-minute period, students may use a
  thesaurus, a synonym dictionary, or other
  resource.
• Students share their tables and display a
  completed table for reference.

22
Alphabet-Antonyms Table
Antonyms Target
Words succeed allow remember whole back
fail forbid forget fraction front
23
INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS AREA for weeks 1-4
INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS AREA for weeks 1-4
Synonym and antonym
INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS AREA for weeks 1-4
Synonym and antonym
INSTRUCTIONAL FOCUS AREA for weeks 1-4
Synonym and antonym
Synonym and antonym

• LA.A.1.2.3
• Response Attributes Items assessing antonyms
  should not include synonyms as distractors
  similarly, items assessing synonyms should not
  include antonyms as distractors.
• 3rd Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix),
• incorrect interpretations of contractions.
• 4th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix).
• 5th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,

• The Benchmarks
• Uses simple strategies to determine meaning and
  increase vocabulary for reading, including the
  use of prefixes, suffixes, root words, multiple
  meanings, antonyms, synonyms, and word
  relationships.
• (LA.A.1.2.3 Grades 3-5)

TTT (Test Taking Tips)

• Teaching Support
• FCRR Student Center Activities
• Go to the Vocabulary heading
• Click on Part One Word Knowledge
• Center 1 -Scroll to V.002 Synonym Dominoes
• Center 2Scroll to V.003 Opposites Attract
• Center 3Scroll to V.004 Synonym Antonym
  Connections
• Click on Part Three Word Meaning
• Center 1Scroll to V.016 Oh My Word!
• Center 2 Scroll to V.019 Word Web
• http//www.fcrr.org/curriculum/studentCenterActivi
  ties23.htm
• Interactive Resource for Teachers and Students
• http//www.manatee.k12.fl.us/sites/elementary/pal
  masola/ps4glesyn.htm

• LA.A.1.2.3
• Response Attributes Items assessing antonyms
  should not include synonyms as distractors
  similarly, items assessing synonyms should not
  include antonyms as distractors.
• 3rd Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix),
• incorrect interpretations of contractions.
• 4th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix).
• 5th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,

• The Benchmarks
• Uses simple strategies to determine meaning and
  increase vocabulary for reading, including the
  use of prefixes, suffixes, root words, multiple
  meanings, antonyms, synonyms, and word
  relationships.
• (LA.A.1.2.3 Grades 3-5)

TTT (Test Taking Tips)

• Teaching Support
• FCRR Student Center Activities
• Go to the Vocabulary heading
• Click on Part One Word Knowledge
• Center 1 -Scroll to V.002 Synonym Dominoes
• Center 2Scroll to V.003 Opposites Attract
• Center 3Scroll to V.004 Synonym Antonym
  Connections
• Click on Part Three Word Meaning
• Center 1Scroll to V.016 Oh My Word!
• Center 2 Scroll to V.019 Word Web
• http//www.fcrr.org/curriculum/studentCenterActivi
  ties23.htm
• Interactive Resource for Teachers and Students
• http//www.manatee.k12.fl.us/sites/elementary/pal
  masola/ps4glesyn.htm

• LA.A.1.2.3
• Response Attributes Items assessing antonyms
  should not include synonyms as distractors
  similarly, items assessing synonyms should not
  include antonyms as distractors.
• 3rd Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix),
• incorrect interpretations of contractions.
• 4th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix).
• 5th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,

• The Benchmarks
• Uses simple strategies to determine meaning and
  increase vocabulary for reading, including the
  use of prefixes, suffixes, root words, multiple
  meanings, antonyms, synonyms, and word
  relationships.
• (LA.A.1.2.3 Grades 3-5)

TTT (Test Taking Tips)

• Teaching Support
• FCRR Student Center Activities
• Go to the Vocabulary heading
• Click on Part One Word Knowledge
• Center 1 -Scroll to V.002 Synonym Dominoes
• Center 2Scroll to V.003 Opposites Attract
• Center 3Scroll to V.004 Synonym Antonym
  Connections
• Click on Part Three Word Meaning
• Center 1Scroll to V.016 Oh My Word!
• Center 2 Scroll to V.019 Word Web
• http//www.fcrr.org/curriculum/studentCenterActivi
  ties23.htm
• Interactive Resource for Teachers and Students
• http//www.manatee.k12.fl.us/sites/elementary/pal
  masola/ps4glesyn.htm

• LA.A.1.2.3
• Response Attributes Items assessing antonyms
  should not include synonyms as distractors
  similarly, items assessing synonyms should not
  include antonyms as distractors.
• 3rd Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix),
• incorrect interpretations of contractions.
• 4th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,
• words with construct similar to correct response
  (e.g. same prefix).
• 5th Distractors may include, but are not limited
  to, the following
• incorrect meanings of words or phrases,
• correct meanings of words or phrases that do not
  fit the context,

• The Benchmarks
• Uses simple strategies to determine meaning and
  increase vocabulary for reading, including the
  use of prefixes, suffixes, root words, multiple
  meanings, antonyms, synonyms, and word
  relationships.
• (LA.A.1.2.3 Grades 3-5)

TTT (Test Taking Tips)

• Teaching Support
• FCRR Student Center Activities
• Go to the Vocabulary heading
• Click on Part One Word Knowledge
• Center 1 -Scroll to V.002 Synonym Dominoes
• Center 2Scroll to V.003 Opposites Attract
• Center 3Scroll to V.004 Synonym Antonym
  Connections
• Click on Part Three Word Meaning
• Center 1Scroll to V.016 Oh My Word!
• Center 2 Scroll to V.019 Word Web
• http//www.fcrr.org/curriculum/studentCenterActivi
  ties23.htm
• Interactive Resource for Teachers and Students
• http//www.manatee.k12.fl.us/sites/elementary/pal
  masola/ps4glesyn.htm

• Important Vocabulary and Definitions
• Synonym
• Definition a word that mean the same or almost
  the same as another word.
• May be presented as an appositive (eg. The tiara,
  a crown, was worn proudly by the
  princess). Follows a comma, a dash, or such
  
• words as or, is called, that is, and in
  other words.
• Key Question What is another word for this?
• Graphic Organizer Continuum
• Key Word designate
• choose select
  pinpoint designate assign
• Antonym
• Definition a word that means the opposite of
  another word.
• Types of Antonyms

• Important Vocabulary and Definitions
• Synonym
• Definition a word that mean the same or almost
  the same as another word.
• May be presented as an appositive (eg. The tiara,
  a crown, was worn proudly by the
  princess). Follows a comma, a dash, or such
  
• words as or, is called, that is, and in
  other words.
• Key Question What is another word for this?
• Graphic Organizer Continuum
• Key Word designate
• choose select
  pinpoint designate assign
• Antonym
• Definition a word that means the opposite of
  another word.
• Types of Antonyms

• Important Vocabulary and Definitions
• Synonym
• Definition a word that mean the same or almost
  the same as another word.
• May be presented as an appositive (eg. The tiara,
  a crown, was worn proudly by the
  princess). Follows a comma, a dash, or such
  
• words as or, is called, that is, and in
  other words.
• Key Question What is another word for this?
• Graphic Organizer Continuum
• Key Word designate
• choose select
  pinpoint designate assign
• Antonym
• Definition a word that means the opposite of
  another word.
• Types of Antonyms

• Important Vocabulary and Definitions
• Synonym
• Definition a word that mean the same or almost
  the same as another word.
• May be presented as an appositive (eg. The tiara,
  a crown, was worn proudly by the
  princess). Follows a comma, a dash, or such
  
• words as or, is called, that is, and in
  other words.
• Key Question What is another word for this?
• Graphic Organizer Continuum
• Key Word designate
• choose select
  pinpoint designate assign
• Antonym
• Definition a word that means the opposite of
  another word.
• Types of Antonyms

Vocabulary Word
Vocabulary Word
Vocabulary Word
Antonym
Synonym
Vocabulary Word
Antonym
Synonym
Antonym
Synonym
Antonym
Synonym
People who do this or are this
People who do this or are this
People who do this or are this
People who do this or are this
24
Developing Effective Practices
in Vocabulary Instruction
Increase

• Time for reading.
• Use of varied, rich text.
• Opportunities for students to hear or use words
  in natural
• sentence contexts.
• Use of concrete contexts when possible
  (pictures, artifacts).
• Opportunities for students to use words in
  meaningful ways.

25
Developing Effective Practices
in Vocabulary Instruction
Increase

• Opportunities for students to connect new
  words/concepts
• to those already known.
• Study of concepts rather than single, unrelated
  words.
• Explicit concept instruction and incidental
  encounters with
• words.
• Teaching strategies leading to independent word
  learning.
• Finding the word or concept that will have the
  biggest
• impact on comprehension rather than covering
  many words
• superficially. (Tier 2 Words)
• Opportunities for inference.

26
Developing Effective Practices
in Vocabulary Instruction
Decrease

• Looking up definitions as a single source of
  word
• knowledge.
• Asking students to write sentences for new words
  before
• theyve studied the word in depth.
• Notion that all words in a text need to be
  defined for
• comprehension.
• Using context as a highly reliable tool for
  increasing
• comprehension.
• Assessments that ask students for single
  definitions.