Metazoa:

1
Metazoa
Protostomes
Deuterostomes
Wray GA (2000) The evolution of
embryonic patterning mechanisms in animals. Sem.
Cell Dev. Biol. 11 385-393.
2
ADULT LARVA
http//ebiomedia.com/gall/larvae/larva1.html
3
from Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae.
1995. LR McEdward, Ed.
4
The brooding sea star, Leptasterias hexactis
http//depts.washington.edu/fhl/zoo432/cattlepoint
/432pagemill/432bcw.html
5
from Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae.
1995. LR McEdward, Ed.
6
Physiological energetics of "pelagic" and
"demersal" development in the antarctic sea
urchin Sterechinus neumayeri
Adam G. Marsh and Donal T. Manahan Antarctic
Journal of the United States Review 1996
http//scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/nsf/ fguide/echinoderma
ta1.html
http//www.nsf.gov/od/opp/antarct/ajus/nsf9828/982
8html/d6.htm
7
The Sea Star Diplasterias brucei, an Antarctic
species with lecithotrophic, chemically defended
eggs
http//scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/nsf/fguide/echinodermat
a8.html
reference McClintock, J.B. and B.J. Baker.
1997b. Palatability and chemical defense in the
eggs, embryos and larvae of shallow-water
antarctic marine invertebrates. Mar. Ecol.
Prog. Ser. 154, 121-131.
8
Inducible defenses in the bryozoan, Membranipora
membranaceae
http//www.eeb.cornell.edu/harvell/images/membrani
pora.gif
9
Effects of Food Concentration and Availability
on the Incidence of Cloning in Planktotrophic
Larvae of the Sea Star Pisaster
ochraceus MINAKO S. VICKERY J.B.
MCCLINTOCK Biol. Bull. 199 298 304. (December
2000)