Notes Classification

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Notes - Classification
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• Why Classify?
• Classification makes it easier to answer
  questions about living things such as
• How many known species are there?
• What are the defining characteristics of each
  species?
• What are the relationships between these species?

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Taxonomy

• The science of describing, classifying, and
  naming living things

Levels of Classification

• Kingdom (largest, most general)
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species (only one kind of organism)

King Phillip Came Over For Great Spaghetti
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Classification History

• Aristotle (4th century B.C./Greek) the first
  person to organize things scientifically.

• Linnaeus (18th century/Swedish) Carolus
  Linnaeus is the father of taxonomy. He grouped
  things according to their shared characteristics
  like shape and structure.

• Science is dynamic (changing). As we make new
  discoveries, our groupings of organisms sometimes
  change.

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Binomial Nomenclature (two names)

• What is a puma vs. a mountain lion vs. a cougar?
• Names are in Latin or Greek so that all
  scientists use the same name
• Linnaeus simplified the naming process with two
  parts genus and species.
• Genus is always capitalized, species is lower
  case
• You can abbreviate the genus, but not the species
• Genus and species are in italics or underlined

Felis concolor
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Scientific Names

• Felis domesticus
• Tyrannosaurus rex
• Canis familiaris
• Homo sapien
• Panthera onca

• house cat

• T. rex

• dog

• human

• GO JAGS!!!!

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Dichotomous Key

• A guide to identifying organisms
• It is based on statements/questions that will be
  answered with one of two responses. These
  responses lead you to other statements until you
  reach the identity of the organism.

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1 A. Metal..................................go to
2 1 B. Paper.................................go
to 5 2 A. Brown (copper)..................penny
2 B. Silver..................................go
to 3 3 A. Smooth edge.....................
nickel. 3 B. Ridges around the edge....go to 4
4 A. Torch on back....................dime 4
B. Eagle on back...................quarter 5 A.
Number 1 in the corners....1 bill 5 B. Number 2
in the corners....2 bill
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Shoes

• Laces.. yes, go to step 2.
• no, go to step 3.
• Nike yes, Joes shoe.
• no, go to step 4.
• Brown. Yes, Bettys shoe.
• no, Franks shoe.
• Size 11 yes, Heathers shoe.
• no, Sams shoe.

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Important Terms

• Prokaryote having no nucleus
• Eukaryote having a nucleus
• Unicellular made up of one single cell
• Multicellular made up of more than one cell
• Autotroph make their own food
• Heterotroph get food from consuming something
  else

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Six Kingdoms