THE FLY THAT WOULD BE KING

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THE FLY THAT WOULD BE KING
Glossina
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African Sleeping Sickness
300-500,000
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African trypanosomiasisTrypomastigote morphology
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Salivarian trypanosome groups
Trypanosoma vivax Old and New World of large
mammals Mechanical transmission using many
vectors Trypanosoma congolense Old World of
large mammals Mouthpart development in
Glossina Trypanosoma brucei/evansi brucei
group includes T. brucei brucei nagana in
cattle T. brucei gambiense
chronic or West African sleeping
sickness T. brucei rhodesiense
acute or East African sleeping
sickness All have full development in
Glossina evansi group includes T. evansi
mechanical transmission in many vectors
including vampire bats T.
equinum mechanically transmitted by
horse flies T. equiperdum
sexually transmitted
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Trypanosoma Life Cycle
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Trypanosome Antigenic Variation
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Tsetse Fly and Human Disease Distribution
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Tsetse Fly and Cattle Distribution
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African Ecology and Vector Distribution
Glossina palpalis group
Glossina palpalis group
Glossina morsitans group
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Glossina Life Cycle
8 9 days
6(male) 14(female) weeks
4 5 weeks
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Glossina - Life Cycle (cont.)
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Natural Reservoir Hosts
Thompsons gazelle
Impala
Oryx
Warthog
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Domesticated Reservoir Hosts
Ndama
Zebu
Warthogs
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Trypanotolerant Cattle Populations
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Trypanosomiasis Risk - Humans
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Human Population Density - Africa
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Tsetse surveilance
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Tsetse Control
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African trypanosomiasisDiagnosis
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African trypanosomiasisTreatment
Suramin - Pentamidine (early)
Melarsoprol (late)
DFMO
Aventis Pharm WHO
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Africa Deforestation
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Africa Grassland burning
Tanzania
Zambezi River
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Displaced Populations