Tympanic Membrane

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Tympanic Membrane
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Tympanic Cavity
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Tympanic Wall
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Medial Wall
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Posterior Wall
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Aditus and Pyramidal Eminence
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Anterior Wall
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Tegmen

• Also known as the superior wall.
• Paper thin.
• Separates the tympanic cavity from the posterior
  cranial fossa which houses the temporal lobe.

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Jugular Wall

• No landmarks.
• Jugular vein is found inferior to this wall.

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Ossicles
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Malleus
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Incus
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Stapes
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Eustachian Tube
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Middle Ear Muscles
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Tensor Tympani Muscle
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Stapedius Muscle
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Function of the middle ear

• Must consider tympanic membrane
• Impedance opposition to the flow of energy.
• Impedance mismatch occurs when you have two
  mediums of differing impedances.
• Impedance mismatch occurs between gas (air) in
  environment and fluid of inner ear.

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Example of impedance mismatch
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Areal Advantage

• 171 (553) areal advantage between tympanic
  membrane and oval window and yields

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Lever Advantage

• 1.31 lever advantage

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