THE RED BLOOD CELL

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THE RED BLOOD CELL

• Jaymie J. Noland D.V.M.
• Cal Poly State University

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RED BLOOD CELL

• 7.5 mm x 2 mm diameter
• Has no nucleus
• Only utilizes glycolysis, not Krebs cycle

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BICONCAVE DISCS

• Increase surface area 20-30
• Enhance gas exchange

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PRINCIPLE FUNCTION

• Gas Exchange
• O2
• CO2

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RBCS DO THIS BY...

• Extruding nucleus and all other cytoplasmic
  organelles leaving
• Hemoglobin
• Enzymes

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Red Blood Cells
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PACKED CELL VOLUME

• PCV is expressed as of total blood volume
• Draft Horse 35-38
• Poultry 30-33
• Lactating dairy cow 32-35
• Most other domestic animals 38-45

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ANEMIA

• Less than the normal amount of RBCs
• 25 trillion RBCs in the bloodstream

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GENERAL CAUSES OF ANEMIA

• Loss of RBCs
• Decreased production of RBCs
• Increased destruction of RBCs

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ANEMIA?

• Chronic Renal Failure
• Leukemia
• Splenectomy
• Others????

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CLINICAL SIGNS

• Pallor
• Tachypnea
• Dyspnea
• Exercise intolerance
• Weight loss
• Depression
• Unthriftiness

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CASE STUDY

• HISTORY
• SIGNALMENT
• PHYSICAL EXAM

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NITRATE POISONING

• Nitrates converted to nitrites in rumen
• Causes methemoglobin to form
• A derivative of hemoglobin formed by the
  oxidation of the iron of hemoglobin from the
  ferrous (Fe) to the ferric state (Fe)
• Methemoglobin cannot carry oxygen
• Can be treated with a solution of Methylene Blue

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CONCLUSION

• Anatomy of the RBC
• Size, shape, contents
• Physiology of the RBC
• Function, life span, site of production and
  destruction
• Anemia
• Decrease in number of RBCs
• 3 general causes
• Loss of RBCs
• Decreased production
• Increased destruction

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