Ecology: Lectures 14-16

1
Ecology Lectures 14-16

• Predation
• November 2, 2005

2
Lotka-Volterra equationPrey isocline (dV/dt 0)

• Fig. 15.1a

3
Lotka-Volterra equationPredator isocline (dC/dt
0)

• Fig. 15.1b

4
Lotka-Volterra model with both predator and prey
isoclines

• Fig. 15.1 c

5
Lotka-Volterra predictionPredator-prey flux
through time

• Fig. 15.1 d

6
Rosenzweig-MacArthur Stable cycle

• Fig. 15.3 a

7
Rosenzweig-MacArthur Stable/dampened oscillations

• Fig. 15.3 b

8
Rosenzweig-MacArthur Unstable/increasing
oscillations

• Fig. 15.3 c

9
Rosenzweig-MacArthur Refuge

• Fig. 15.3 d

10
Gauses predation experimentsDidinium predation
on Paramecium

• Fig. 15.4

11
Huffakers experiments mite predation and
complex environments

• Fig. 15.6

12
Functional responses of predator to prey
concentrations

• Type 1 response Fig. 15.7 a

13
Functional responses of predator to prey
concentrations

• Type 2 response Fig. 15.7 b

14
Functional responses of predator to prey
concentrations

• Type 3 response Fig. 15.7 c

15
Prey switching

• Fig. 15.10

16
Aggregative response

• Fig. 15.12

17
Optimal foraging bluegill sunfish
Fig. 15.16
18
Chemical defense/toxicity/ warning coloration
19
Warning coloration
From Campbell et al., Biology
20
Batesian mimicry

• Harmless hawkmoth larva resembles the
  diamond-shaped head of a poisonous snake

From Campbell et al., Biology
21
Müllerian mimicry

• Both the cuckoo wasp and the yellow jacket
  deliver toxic stings.

From Campbell et al., Biology
22
Cryptic coloration

• Poorwill and frog

From Campbell et al., Biology
23
Lynx and hare cycling

• Fig. 16.19

24
Hare and winter vegetation (browse) cycling

• Fig. 16.9