Beef

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Beef

• Breeds and Anatomy

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Beef Breeds

• Bos Indicus
• Cattle developed for tropical conditions
• Bos Taurus
• Cattle developed for temperate conditions
• Maternal British Breeds
• Breed possessing mothering characteristics
• - longevity, milking ability, mothering ability,
  etc.
• Terminal Continental Breeds
• Breed possessing growth and carcass
  characteristics
• - high ADG, lean and/or heavy muscled carcasses,
  etc.

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U.S. Beef Breeds

• 1960 Primarily 4 British Breeds
• 1930 small herds of Charolais in Texas
• 1966 60 plus Charolais bull imported via Canada
• 1970 32 breeds used (European descendants)
• Currently
• 84 breeds being registered in the U.S.

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Why are Breeds Important?Why is breed
Identity Important?
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Angus

• Originated Scotland
• Aberdeen County
• Black is dominant
• Red is Recessive
• Maternal
• Calving Ease
• Carcass
• Marbling

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Hereford

• Originated England
• Herefordshire area Pastureland area
• Distinct Red and White
• Maternal
• Excellent Forager
• Hardy

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Polled Hereford

• Originated United States
• Iowa Hereford breeder
• Started with 8 heifers 3 bulls
• Red and White
• Same Traits as Herefords
• Hornless

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Shorthorn

• Originated Scotland
• Solid Red and Solid White
• Red and whites
• Roans
• Maternal
• Excellent mothers
• Carcass
• Trim with lower Yield Grades
• Excellent Marbling

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Charolais

• Originated France
• First European breed to enter US
• Mexico 1930s
• Big importation 1966
• Cattle are only white
• Gray when crossed with Angus
• Carcass Breed
• Add Muscle
• Increase Growth

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Simmental

• Originated Switzerland
• Greatest number imported in 70s
• Color
• Red and white
• Black
• Solid color pattern preferred
• Dual Purpose Breed
• Maternal
• Excellent mothers
• Excellent Growth traits
• Used for draft purposes in Switzerland

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Limousin

• Originated France
• Imported in 1969
• Naturally Red
• Black popular
• Terminal Sire Breed
• Noted for extreme muscling
• Low amounts of marbling
• Maternal
• Below average.

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Chianina / Chiangus

• Originated Italy
• Imported 1972
• Know has a Show Breed
• But has become commercially oriented
• Terminal sire breed
• Excellent in feedlot
• High cutability carcasses
• Cross breeding
• Excellent high-bred vigor

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Gelbvieh

• Originated Germany
• Imported semen in 1971
• Red or Black
• Dual Purpose Sire
• Milk
• Fast growth
• Excellent reproductive traits

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Maine Anjou

• Originated France
• First import in 1969
• Naturally red and white
• Bred to be solid black
• Maternal
• Most are good mothers
• Carcass
• Heavy muscled, fast growing carcasses

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Brahman

• Originated Bos Indicus
• Many colors
• Purebreds gray or red
• Large skin surface
• Adapted to heat
• Insect resistant
• Calving Ease
• Carcass
• May produce tougher meat
• Association is selecting for tender genetics

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Santa Gertrudis

• Originated Developed in 1919
• U.S. King Ranch, Texas
• 5/8 Shorthorn and 3/8 Brahman
• Adapted for heat
• Greater beef characteristics
• Red in color
• Maternal
• Calving Ease
• Carcass
• Same has Brahman

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