Body%20Area%20Networks

1
Project IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless
Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title
Tutorial on Body Area Networks Date Submitted
July 18, 2006 Source Stefan Drude Company
Philips Address High Tech Campus 60, 5656 AG
Eindhoven, The Netherlands Voice31 40
27-23431, FAX [phone],
E-Mailstefan.drude_at_philips.com Re
Tutorial Abstract The contribution reflects
the information presented at the tutorial on body
area networks presented at the San Diego meeting
on July 18, 2006. Purpose To provide
information on body area network use cases,
typical requirements, and to start the process on
possibly starting a study group in 802.15 on this
topic. Notice This document has been prepared
to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a
basis for discussion and is not binding on the
contributing individual(s) or organization(s).
The material in this document is subject to
change in form and content after further study.
The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add,
amend or withdraw material contained
herein. Release The contributor acknowledges and
accepts that this contribution becomes the
property of IEEE and may be made publicly
available by P802.15.
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Overview

• Body Area Networks S. Drude
• Quick summary use cases, requirements
• Channel Models and Health Aspects of PAN and BAN
  A. J Johansson
• Magnet and Magnet Beyond
• Channel modelling
• Medical implant communications
• Health aspects of PAN/BAN implants

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Body Area Network

• Broad range of possible devices
• Broad range of media types
• Connect everything you carryon you and with you
• Offer Connected User experience
• Matches low power environment
• Challenge scalability data rate, power

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Body Area Networks Target PositionAverage power
consumption, sustained data rate
Body Area Network
1 Gbit/s
Wireless USB
100 Mbit/s
IEEE 802.11 a/b/g
10 Mbit/s
Bluetooth
1 Mbit/s
100 kbit/s
ZigBee
10 kbit/s
1 kbit/s
1000 mW
500 mW
100 mW
50 mW
10 mW
200 mW
20 mW
5 mW
2 mW
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Body Area Networks

• Usage Scenarios
• Body senor network
• Fitness monitoring
• Wearable audio
• Mobile device centric
• Video stream
• Remote control I/O devices

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Body Sensor Network

• Medical application
• Vital patient data
• Wireless sensors
• Link with bedside monitor
• Count on 10 20 sensors
• Five similar networks in range
• Minimum setup interaction
• Potentially wide application
• Total traffic / patient lt 10 kbps

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Fitness Monitoring

• Central device is MP3 player
• Wireless headset included
• Expand functionality
• Speed, distance
• Heart rate, respiration monitor
• Temperature sensor
• Pacing information
• Location information
• Wristwatch display unit
• Etc.
• Total system load lt 500 kbps
• Synchronization may go faster

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Wearable Audio

• Central device is headset
• Stereo audio, microphone
• Connected devices
• Cellular phone
• MP3 player, PDA
• CD audio player
• AP at home
• Handsfree car
• Remote control
• Others
• Requires priority mechanism
• Network load lt 500 kbps

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Mobile Device Centric

• Mobile terminal is central point
• Covers broad set of data
• Sensors vital, other
• Headset
• Peripheral devices
• Handsfree / car
• Provide gateway to outside
• Offload sensor data, other
• Requires priority mechanism
• Network load lt 500 kbps

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Personal Video

• Central device is video camera
• Camera sensor, recording, display
• Stream video content SDTV, HDTV
• Connect other devices
• Personal storage device
• Playback device w/ large display
• Remote beamfinder
• Location information (meta data)
• Mobile communications device (MMS)
• Home media server (sync)
• Total traffic load 10 60 Mbps

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Remote Control I/O Devices

• Remote control device
• Increase consumer convenience
• Makes headset control practical
• Stand-alone vs shared function
• Combine with wristwatch display ?
• Printers
• Identification, storage
• Wireless pen
• Complement BAN functionality

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Technical Requirements

• There is no specific standard for BANs
• Current standards come close for specific use
  cases, not broad enough
• Issues power consumption, discovery, QoS
• Support for very low power devices, sensors
• Target less than 10 power consumption for
  communications compared to total device
• Have single standard with broad range of
  supported data rate - scalability

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BAN Requirements - Draft

• Distance 2 m std, 5 m special
• Piconet density 2 - 4 nets / m2
• Devices per network max. 100
• Net network throughput 100 Mbit/s max.
• Power consumption 1mW / Mbps (_at_ 1 m
  distance)
• Startup time lt 100 us, or lt 10 of TX slot
• Latency (end to end) 10 ms
• Network setup time lt 1 sec (after initial
  setup, per device)

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BAN Requirements - Draft

• Implementation module cost
• Should be comparable to Bluetooth module
• Effective sleep mode(s)
• Concept for effective, remote wake-up
• Operates in global, license-exempt band

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BAN Requirements - Draft

• Privacy, security
• Peer to peer communication, point to multi-point
• Omni-directional antennas small, flexible
• Future proof for 5 years?
• Upgradeable, scaleable, backwards compatibility
• Support for several power management /
  consumption schemes classes

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BAN Requirements - Draft

• Quality of service, guaranteed bandwidth
• Specific definitions, depends on application
• Graceful degradation of services
• Depends on application, not always desireable
• Concurrent availability of asynchronous and
  isochronous channels
• Low duty cycle and high duty cycle modes
• Very low duty cycle applications (sensors)

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Interest Group on BAN in 802.15Conclusions on
low data rate applications

• Operates on, inside, or in the vicinity of the
  body
• Limited range (lt .01 2 meters)
• The channel model will include human body
  effects. (absorption, health effects)
• Extremely low consumption power (.1 to 1 mW) for
  each device
• Capable of energy scavenging / battery-less
  operation
• Support scalable Data Rate 0.01 1,000 kbps
  (optional 10 Mbps)

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Interest Group on BAN in 802.15 (2)Conclusions
on low data rate applications

• Support different classes of QoS for high
  reliability, asymmetric traffic, power
  constrained
• Needs optimized, low complexity MAC and
  Networking layer
• High number of simultaneously operating piconets
  required
• Application specific, security/privacy required
• Small form factor for the whole radio, antenna,
  power supply system
• Locating radios ( find me) mode

19
Overview

• Body Area Networks S. Drude
• Quick summary use cases, requirements
• Channel Models and Health Aspects of PAN and BAN
  A. J Johansson
• Magnet and Magnet Beyond
• Channel modelling
• Medical implant communications
• Health aspects of PAN/BAN implants