Pearl Harbour Attack

1
Pearl Harbour Attack
Pearl Harbour Attack
The historical significance of the attack in the
Second World War

• Group List
• Rachel Chan (5)
• Lillian Ip (12)
• Macrina Lam (18)
• Rosa Lee (20)
• Sharon Sieh (31)
• F.3B

2
Introduction

• Why did we choose Pearl Harbour attack as our
  topic?
• It played an important role in the Second World
  War, which lead to the entry of US.
• We wanted to discvoer more about the development
  of this important historical event
• We wanted to find out the reasons for Japan to
  start the Pearl harbour attack.

3
What is pearl harbour attack?

• A sudden attack on the United States naval base
  in Pearl Harbour, Oahu, Hawaii carried out by
  Japan on the morning of Sunday, December 7, 1941.

The battleships in Pearl Harbour
The bombing of Pearl Harbour
4
Background

• Japanese army grew much stronger after the
  industrialization during the Meiji Reforms
• Japan adopted an expansionist policy to look
  out for resources. Since 1937, Japan
  invadedChina, starting the Second Sino-Japanese
  War andWWII in Asia.
• The attacks against China were condemned by the
  League of Nations. The U.S. began an oil embargo
  on Japan which was most crucial to Japan's war
  effort.
• Japan faced a loss of international prestige,
  loss of face

Prime Minister of Japan, Hideki Tojo

• The intention of Japan
• To protect Japan's expansion from Southeast Asia
  to Pacific Region to get natural resources
  (mainly oil)
• Prevent intervention by the U.S. in the war.

PEARL HARBOUR ATTACK
5
Development
December 6 U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt
made a final appeal to the Emperor of Japan for
peace. There was no reply.
December 7 Japan started the Pearl Harbour
Attack. The Americans were taken completely by
surprise.
The route of attacking Pearl Harbour
Battleship of US sinked
December 8 President Roosevelt signed the
Deleclatation of War against Japan.
6
December 8 The United States and Britain
declared war on Japan. December 11 Germany and
Italy declared war on the United
States. December 17 Admiral Chester W. Nimitz
became the new commander of the U.S. Pacific
Fleet.
The bombing of one of the US battleship.
The Americans are taken completely by surprise
and threatened by this
7
Result and Casualties
Japan got the early victory as the US was not
prepared for the sudden attack.
Comparison of casualties between US and Japan
US
Japan
2355 1143 8 188 3 ---
Milirary death
55 --- --- 29 --- 4
Civilian death Destroy of battleships Destroy
of aircrafts Damage of cruisers Destroy of
submarines
US had greater casualties and losses than Japan
in the Pearl Harbour Attack!
8
Importance of the event

• Pearl Harbor Attack was the "turning point" of
  WWII because it brought the entry of US into war.
• It unintentionally led to the nuclear bombing of
  Japan, contributing to the defeat of Japan, which
  ended the WWII.
• After the attack, battleships became themain
  naval weapon.

(Poster commemorating the attack, 1942)
9
Impact

• Great causalities and economic loss to US 2,403
  Americans dead and another 1,178 Americans
  wounded. The US was greatly affected by the
  bombing of Pearl Harbour with loss of men,
  battleships, planes, supplies, and ships, as well
  as money.
• It started the nuclear age because of the
  dropping of atomic bombs of US on Japan in WWII.

• USS ARIZONA (attacked by Japan) there
  hasnever been a ship that has taken so many of
  its crew down with her in history.

• Sunken battleship
• gun turret mount in 2005
• Attack on Pearl Harbour
• Dec 7, 1941

10
Impact

• The attack drew the U.S. into World War II on the
  following day and the U.S. sent huge number of
  soldiers, weapons, and supplies to help the
  Allies fight Japan and the Axis Powers,
  contributing to the defeat of the Axis powers by
  1945
• This attack also officially opened the Pacific
  War against Japan, which ended in their
  unconditional surrender and marked the end of
  WWII.

since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by
Japan on Sunday, December 7, a state of war has
existed between the United States and the
Japanese Empire. Speech by President Roosevelt,
December 7, 1941
President Roosevelt Signs the Declaration of
WarDec. 8, 1941
11
Conclusion

• The Pearl Harbour attack was started by Japan
  because of her aggression in expanding.
• Japan has got her first victory in the Pearl
  Harbour Attack but soon US took revenge which
  ended in the Atomic Bombing of Hiroshima and
  Nagasaki on August 1945.
• The Pearl Harbour Attack led to high casualties
  in both Japan and US. There were even civilian
  deaths of US in the attack.

• We think that the Pearl Harbour Attack was a
  destructive attack.
• It brought about casualties and economic loss to
  US.
• Therefore, for humantarian reason, the
• Pearl Harbour Attack which caused deaths of
  innocent people, we think that it was surely not
  acceptable!

12
Duty List

• Introduction Rosa
• Background Rosa Sharon
• Development Lillian
• Importance Impact Sharon Macrina
• Conclusion Rachel
• Photo-collecting All members
• IT Processing All members

THE END. THANK YOU!