Engaging

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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills
Frank Baker media educatorfbaker1346_at_aol.com M
edia Literacy Clearinghouse www.frankwbaker.com
March 12, 2007
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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• With the advent and popularity of YouTube,
  Current TV, and similar venues, young people have
  become media producers. DIY
  (do it yourself)

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Multitasking digital natives
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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• Our students are growing up in a world saturated
  with media messagesyet, they (and their
  teachers) receive little or no training in the
  skills of analyzing or re-evaluating these
  messages, many of which make use of language,
  moving images, music, sound effects.
  Source R.Hobbs, Journal Adult Adolescent
  Literacy, February 2004

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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• "With an ever-increasing range of media
  messages in so many forms, students need to
  understand the process by which authors convey
  meaning about socially constructed experience.
  The use of digital media and popular cultural
  texts not only stimulates young people's
  engagement, motivation, and interest in learning,
  but enables them to build a richer, more nuanced
  understanding of how texts of all kinds work
  within a culture."

Source Reading The Media, R.Hobbs
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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• "Today's students need to be critical thinkers,
  problem solvers and effective communicators who
  are proficient in both core subjects and new 21st
  century skills. I urge educators, business and
  community leaders and policymakers to work
  together to create a 21st century skills
  initiative for every school district in America.
  We owe our school children nothing less."

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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• Students will be able to use technology tools
  (e.g. multimedia authoring, presentation, Web
  tools, digital cameras, scanners) for individual
  and collaborative writing, communication, and
  publishing activities to create knowledge
  products for audiences inside and outside the
  classroom.

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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• It would be a breach of our duties as
• teachers for us to ignore the rhetorical
• power of visual forms of media in
• combination with text and sound..the
• critical media literacy we need to teach
• must include evaluation of these media,
• lest our students fail to see, understand, and
• learn to harness the persuasive power of
• visual media.

NTCE Resolution on Visual Literacy
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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• We are faced with the
• consequences of not
• teaching our children to
• decode the content. The
• persuasiveness of the
• Internet will lead to more
• and more students
• potentially being
• manipulated by the media

Alan NovemberauthorEmpowering Students With
Technology
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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• RecommendationBecoming smarter about new
  sources of information. In an age of
  overflowing information and proliferating media,
  kids need to rapidly process what's coming at
  them and distinguish between whats reliable and
  what isn't.

Dec. 10, 2006
December 10, 2006
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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• "In school, we spend 13 years on reading and
  writing. That's great, but how many years do we
  spend on media literacy? It's virtually zero. It
  seems like a missed

Dr. David Thornburg, Senior fellow of the
Congressional Institute for the Future
opportunity."
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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• What is media literacy?
• Take a few minutes to draft a definition.
• Consider its relevance in your
• curriculum area.

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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• "Media literacy is concerned with helping
  students develop an informed and critical
  understanding of the nature of mass media, the
  techniques used by them, and the impact of these
  techniques. More specifically, it is education
  that aims to increase the students' understanding
  and enjoyment of how the media work, how they
  produce meaning, how they are organized, and how
  they construct reality.  Media literacy also aims
  to provide students with the ability to create
  media products. "
  Media Literacy Resource Guide, Ministry of
  Education Ontario

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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• A growing body of research suggests that
  media literacy instruction improves student
  reading, viewing, and listening comprehension of
  print, audio, and videotexts message analysis
  and interpretation and writing skills. As
  students progress, they develop transferable
  analytical tools for learning and gain concrete
  connections between the curriculum and their
  experiences outside of school.

Media Matters, Access Learning, March 2005
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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• Movies, advertisements, and all other visual
  media are tools teachers need to use and media we
  must master if we are to maintain our credibility
  in the coming years.

Jim Burke, fromThe English Teachers Companion
video
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Six Key Areas ofMedia literacy education

• 1. Who made this text and why? (Agency)
• 2. What sort of text is this? (Category)
• 3. How was this text produced? (Technology)
• 4. How do I make sense of this text? (Language)
• 5. Who is the intended audience of this text?
  (Audience)
• 6. What does this text say about its subject?
  (Representation)

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Five core concepts (U.S.)

• All media are constructed
• Media are languages with their own set of rules
• Media convey values and points of view
• Different people experience the same media
  messages differently
• Media are concerned with power/profit

Source Center for Media
Literacy
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All media are constructions
media construct/represent reality
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Media use their own languages

• The Language of IMBRBBe Right
  BackPIRParents In RoomLOLLaughing out Loud

The Language of FilmCamerasLightsAudio
(sound, music)EditingSet DesignCostumeActors
expressionsMakeup
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Cell phone language

• ROAMING(is this about deer and buffalo?)
• SMART PHONES(are there dumb phones?)
• DROPPED CALLS(is everybody dropping their
  telephones?)

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Media values and points-of-view
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Audience negotiate meaning
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Media Power Profit
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The Big 6

• News Corp (FOX) GE
  (NBC/Universal)CBS Disney (ABC)AOL/Time Warner
  (CNN)VIACOM

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Purpose of TV?

• This program is brought to
• you by the sponsor.

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Purpose of TV?

• You are brought to the sponsor by the program.

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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• Revised ELA Standards
  Guiding Principle 8
• An effective English language arts curriculum
  provides for literacy in all forms of media.

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Engaging Students With Critical Thinking Media
Literacy 21st Century Skills

• Current ELA Communication Viewing Grades
  9-12
• Demonstrate the ability to make connections
  between nonprint sources and his/her prior
  knowledge, other sources and the world.
• Compare/contrast
• different viewpoints/treatment of a given
  situation or event

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Media literacy ideas for ELA

• Non-print texts (TV, film, music)
• Understanding bias stereotypes
• Analyzing techniques of persuasion
• (for example in advertising)
• The language of TV/film (camera work, lighting,
  music)
• Visual literacy (photography)
• Blogging graphic novels

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Media literacy Social Studies

• Analyzing editorial cartoons
• Examining historical photographs
• Studying past/present propaganda
• Understanding bias/stereotypes
• History of American broadcasting
• Understanding US communications policy
• Analyzing political advertising

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Editorial Cartoon
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Media literacy Health Ed

• Body Image
• Marketing/advertising of food
• Tobacco, alcohol advertising
• How media influences sex behaviors

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Media literacy-critical inquiry

• Who created/produced the message?
• What was the producers purpose?
• For whose eyeballs is this intended?
• What techniques are used both to
• a) attract attention b) increase believability
• Who or what might be omitted and why?
• Where can I go to verify the message?

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Approaching media literacy

• Still images (visual literacy)Messages which
  incorporate images(e.g. advertising)Moving
  images (languages of TV, film)

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Visual literacy

• Applying the critical thinking/viewing
  questions to historical and other images

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Images in Advertising

• Who created it?
• For what purpose?
• For which audience?
• Using what techniques?
• What lifestyle is promoted?
• Where (what publication) might you find this
  why?
• How does it make you feel?
• How might I change the message?

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Moving images TV Film

• The languages of TV film include
• CAMERA
• LIGHTS
• SOUND
• EDITING
• SET DESIGN

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Moving images TV

• TV Commercial Cell Phones
  (audio and video)Everyone listens
  (with their eyes closed)
• At the conclusion, open your eyes and
• write down everything you HEARD

Script
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Moving images TV

• VISA commercial
• Critical analysis deconstruction
• Setting Time of day
• Role of music
• Facial expressions as customer meets cashier
• Implied message intended by VISA

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Process of film making

• Would your students know the process of film
  making?Script or screenplayStoryboardProductio
  nPost production

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Film in the classroom
"If video is how we are communicating and
persuading in this new century, why aren't more
students writing screenplays as part of their
schoolwork?"
Heidi Hayes JacobEd Consultant
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Film in the classroom
Movies are a door to knowledge knowledge of
society, knowledge of history, knowledge of
art..movies (taught to) students (makes
them)think critically about film and it provides
them with a deeper understanding of this uniquely
influential art form.
Martin ScorseseFilm director
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Moving images film
Docu-drama Novel AdaptationOpening
techniques Opening
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Activity

• TKAM screenplay excerpt
• Read the opening to Because of Winn-Dixie
• In your group, storyboard this scene from your POV

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Student media production

• Animaction Anti tobacco PSA messages
• One camera video production Vermont

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Workshops

• Invite Frank Baker to be a part of your next
• professional development opportunity.fbaker1346_at_
  aol.com
• [phone]Media Literacy Clearinghouse
• www.frankwbaker.com