Chapter One Male Reproduction

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Chapter OneMale Reproduction
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• Male reproductive system
• 1. Primary Sex organs- Testes or Testicles
• Functions-
• -Production of male gametes-
  Spermatozoa
• -Production of male hormones--
  Androgens

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• 2. Secondary Organs
• -Epididymis -Vas deferens
• -Penis -Scrotum
• -Urethra
• Transport of the male gametes from the testes to
  site of deposition

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• 3. Accessory Sex Organs
• -Vesicular glands
• -Bulbourethral glands
• -Prostate
• Fluid portion of the ejaculate that aids in
  transport in male and female tract

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• Organ
• Testis
• Scrotum
• Spermatic cord

• Function
• Production of spermatozoa
• Production of androgens
• Support of the testes
• Temperature control of the testes
• Protection of the testes
• Support of testes
• Temperature control of the testes

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• Scrotum- Contains the testes of species that
  requires maintenance of the sperm producing
  tissue outside the body wall to lower the
  temperature at which spermatogenesis occurs.

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Bull
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Boar
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• Testes
• Tissue layer
• -Tunica Vaginalis Testicular
  Temperature
• Muscle Layers 4-7oF?
• -External Cremaster BodyTemperature
• -Tunica Dartos
  98-102oF
• Circulatory System
• -Pampiniform Plexus

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• Spermatogenesis
• -Spermatocytogensis
• Spermatogonia
• Primary Spermatocyte
• Secondary Spermatocyte
• Spermatid
• -Spermiogenesis-- Spermatid?Spermatozoan
  
• -Sertoli cells (Nurse Cells)- Conversion of
  spermatid to spermatozoan. This is a continual
  process after the occurrence of puberty in the
  male. The sperm cells then undergo a maturation
  process in the Epididymis.

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• Testes
• -1 g of tissue produces 9 x 106 sperm/day
  6000/min
• -Tunica Albuginea Total wt 300g
• -Seminiferous Tubules dia .1-.3mm 50-100cm
  length
• Total length 15000 ft
• -Lobules cone-shaped- ?

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Seminiferous Tubule (transverse section)
Spermatozoa
Spermatid
Secondary Spermatocyte
Sertoli Cell
Primary spermatocyte
Spermatogonium
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• Organ
• Epididymis
• Vas Deferns
• Urethra
• Vesicular gland

• Function
• Concentration of spermatozoa
• Storage of spermatozoa
• Maturation of spermatozoa
• Transport of Spermatozoa
• Transport of semen
• Contributes fluid, energy substances, and buffer
  to semen

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• Functions of the Epididymis
• Concentration Maturation
• Transport Storage
• -Secretory functions
• -androgen dependent
• -Glycerylophosphorylcholine
• 1. Function- maybe responsible for fact that
  spermatozoa survive long periods
  in the epididymis-not acceptable
• 2. May play role in maturation
• 3. Spermatozoa can live for approx 90 days in
  the epididymis (androgen dependent process). Lack
  of androgens result in 30 day lifespan

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• Function
• Contributes fluid and inorganic ions to semen
• Flushes urine residue from urethra
• Male organ of copulation
• Encloses free end of penis

• Organ
• Prostate gland
• Bulbourethral Glands
• Penis
• Prepuce

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• Accessory Sex Organs- Sperm transport and
  nutrition- Dilution of sperm
• -Cleanse male tract
• -Prostate
• -Vesicular Glands
• -Bulborethral glands
• -Anatomical Adaptations
• 1. Filiform appendage (Ram)
• 2. Corkscrew - shaped penis (Boar) Why?
• 3. Scrotal length (ram) Why?