Physics 1401

1

• Physics 1401
• College Physics I
• First Class
• Tom OKuma
• Office Science Building, Rm 132 or 140
• Telephone [phone]
• tokuma_at_lee.edu

2
Outline

• General Introduction
• Questionnaires
• Course Outline
• OCS Approach
• Course Topics
• Units and Measurements
• Historical Developments of Newtonian Mechanics
• Force and Motion Inventory
• Lab Activity - Introduction to Motion

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General Introduction

• Questionnaires
• Questionnaire for Counseling
• Introductory Background Survey
• Course Outline
• Philosophy of Course
• Required Materials
• Lecture Syllabus
• Grade Determination
• Laboratory Syllabus
• Homework Syllabus

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OCS Approach I

• Conceptual and Numerical Problem Solving
• The Overview Case Study approach combines a very
  strong conceptual approach with a systematic
  approach to solving numerical problems
• Spiral Learning
• Using the OCS approach we will cycle through
  each topic several times. The parts of the OCS
  approach are
• Conceptual Development - Overview or Qualitative
  Reasoning
• The conceptual development will require we use
  common sense to interpret Nature, but to put it
  in the formal terms of physics.
• Numerical Problem Solving - Exposition or
  Quantitative Reasoning
• The exposition phase will require that we use
  our math sense to interpret Nature and solve
  for specific physics quantities using our math
  sense.

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OCS Approach II

• Spiral Learning - continued
• Case Studies
• We use case studies to interpret Nature that
  involves multiple ideas and concepts.
• Laboratory Activities
• We will couple our in class activities with lab
  activities that will enhance our understanding of
  the concepts.
• Most lab activities will combine the use of
  microcomputers and sensors with a script for
  investigating the desired phenomena.
• Group Cooperative Learning - Lecture and Lab
• Many of the activities that we do in lecture will
  require that you work in a group. All activities
  in the lab will require that you work in a group.
• Most groups will be three members and groups will
  be rotated regularly throughout the semester.

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OCS Approach III

• MBL Laboratory Activities - constructivist
  approach
• Microcomputer-Based (Macs) using Interface
  (LabPro) to connect to sensors (Motion Detector,
  Force Probe,)
• Activities are designed to aid you in
  constructing an understanding of the basic
  physics principles
• Groups of 3 - will rotate
• Other Tools
• Ranking Tasks
• Simulations
• Internet aids
• Others

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Course Topics

• Force and Motion - the basics of introductory
  physics
• Linear Motion - (1-D Kinematics)
• Forces
• Curvilinear Motion
• Impulse - Momentum and Conservation of Momentum
• Work and Energy - an alternative approach to
  viewing nature
• Work
• Energy
• Work - Energy and Conservation of Energy
• Rotational Motion
• Rotational Inertia, Torque and Rotational
  Kinematics
• Rotational Motion and Statics
• Other Rotational Ideas

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Units and Measurements

• Physics is an experimental science which means we
  take measurements. Most of the measurements we
  will take will require the proper units. The
  units are classified within a measurement system.
• Measurement Systems - there are two that are
  currently being used in the world.
• International System of Measurements - SI
• Used by virtually all countries in the world,
  except the USA. Originated by the French in late
  1700s and is based on increments of 10. SI uses
  prefixes to indicate a larger or smaller
  quantity.
• American (English) System
• Developed primarily by the English over a period
  of many years. This system uses units that are
  regular increments of each other.

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Units and Measurements II

• Fundamental Measurements and Units
• Metric American
• Length Meter Foot
• Mass Kilogram Pound
• Time Second Second
• Temperature C - Celsius F - Fahrenheit
• Others
• Derived Measurements and Units
• Speed m/s mph
• Units are in length per unit time (L/T)
• Force Newton (N) Pound (lb)
• Units are in lengthmass per unit time squared
  (LM/T2)
• Energy Nm J ft - lb
• Units are in lengthlengthmass per unit time
  squared (L2M/T2)

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Units and Measurements III

• Unit Conversion and Dimensional Analysis
• Unit Conversion - see handout
• Examples change 88 ft/s to mi/hr
• Dimensional Analysis
• Units of momentum are m kg/s. This means that
  if you solve a formula for momentum, the answer
  has to have units of m kg/s. Notice also that
  each term of the equation has to have units of m
  kg/s or the equivalent.

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Prefixes for SI Units

• Prefix Symbol Value
• Peta- P 1015
• Tera- T 1012
• Giga- G 109
• Mega- M 106
• Kilo- k 103
• Unit One 1
• Centi- c 10-2
• Milli- m 10-3
• Micro- m 10-6
• Nano- n 10-9
• Pico- p 10-12
• Femto- f 10-15

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Historical Development of Newtonian Mechanics -
Preliminary Remarks

• Western Civilization Based
• Most of our remarks will be limited to
  contributions recorded in western history
• Other cultures/civilizations contributed to our
  understanding of force and motion
• Limited to selected individuals - primarily 3
  with supporting individuals
• Aristotle - 3rd century B.C.
• Galileo - 16th to 17th century A.D.
• Newton - 17th century A.D.

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Greek Philosophers

• Socrates - (470 - 399 B.C.)
• Formulate clear definitions and classifications
  used probing questions to force clarification
  of thought
• Some influence by Democritus (of Thales)
• Plato - (427-347 B.C.)
• Empirical approach was not enough wanted to know
  reason why it occurred
• Some influence by Pythagoras established the
  Academy of Plato
• Determine what combination of uniform and
  ordered motions must be assumed for each of the
  planets to account for the apparent, more
  irregular movements.
• Aristotle - (384 - 322 B.C.)
• Based on observations no experiments
• Established his Lyceum
• His method of investigation (the research
  approach)
• defining the subject matter
• considering the difficulties involved by
  reviewing the generally accepted views on the
  subject, and suggestions of earlier writers
• presenting his own arguments and solutions.
• His great success in biology and lesser success
  in Physics

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Force and Motion Inventory

• Not for a grade
• Current understanding of force and motion ideas
• Used to help guide instruction throughout this
  important section of course
• Taxonomy of ideas

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Next Class

• Bring OCS Study Guide
• Read Chapter 1, pages 1-1 through 1-7
• Bring ALPS Kit
• Read Chapter 1, pages 1-1 through 1-5
• Read Giancoli, Chapters 1 2
• College Physics Lab Manual I
• Need for Lab every class
• Force and Motion Inventory results