Binational Water Management Planning:

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DIALOGUE
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Elephant Butte
Caballo
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Historical Population Growth
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7,000,000
Projected Population Growth
6,000,000
?
2,073,000
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Surface Water Allocation
Doña Ana County New Mexico
El Paso County Texas
Juárez Municipio Chihuahua
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Per Capita Water Use Trends
El Paso
848
606
Per Capita Water Use (liters/person/day)
Cd. Juárez
350
1980
2000
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Albuquerque
Phoenix
Lubbock
Tucson
Hermosillo
Chihuahua
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New Mexico / Texas Water Commission

• City of Las Cruces
• Do?a Ana County
• El Paso Water Utilities
• Elephant Butte Irrigation District
• El Paso County Water Improvement District No. 1
• New Mexico State University (WRRI)
• Texas AM University (Research Center)
• University of Texas at El Paso

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Impediments to Rationalizing Water Allocation

• Fragmentation of jurisdictions separate
  regulation of surface and ground waters
• Information voids / reticence to share
  information
• Limitations on transferring surface water to MI
  use
• Continued rapid population growth
• Limited financial means to address water /
  wastewater problems among different jurisdictions

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Alphabet Soup of Water Management

• IBWC / CILA
• EPCWID / EBID / 009
• USBR / COE / CNA
• EPA / SEMARNAT
• BECC / COCEF
• TCEQ / OSE
• USFWS / ISC

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Fundamental Differences in Water Laws
Surface Water by by Prior Appropriation (Adjudicat
ion in Process)
Ground Water by Prior Appropriation
Absolute Ownership Doctrine (Right of Capture)
Surface Water by by Prior Appropriation (Unadjudic
ated)
Surface Water as a Public Resource
Ground Water as a Public Resource
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Perspectives
Political Influence
Knowledge / Timeframe
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Binational Water ProgramPrograma Binacional del
Agua

• UTEP awarded a Ford Foundation Grant - 1992
• Hosted Series of Workshops
• Program coupled with an EDA Grant - 1996
• Technical Studies Community Dialogue
• Publication of a Sustainable Water Use Strategy
  1998
• One recommendation was the creation of a
  Binational Water Management District

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A Model Paso del NorteAir Quality Task Force

• Binational
• Government / Business / NGO
• Catalyst for shared action
• Ultimate Vision international air quality
  management district
• Led to formation of the Joint Advisory Committee

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Air versus Water

• Air Pollution is a Contaminant
• Water is a Resource
• Laws regarding Air Pollution are relatively
  Recent
• Water law has a Long History
• Air is not Owned
• Water rights are fully Allocated
• Few institutions govern Air Quality
• Numerous Institutions are involved in water
  resource management

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Paso del Norte Water Task Force Strategy for
Accommodating Diverse Points-of-view
Municipal Water Utilities
Irrigation Districts
Water Researchers
Business Interests
Civic Organizations
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Paso del Norte Water Task Force Structure
IBWC / CILA Commissioners
Support Team (Academicians NGOs)
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Paso del Norte Watershed Council

• U.S. Army Fort Bliss Directorate of the
  Environment
• U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
• U.S. IBWC
• Ysleta del Sur Pueblo
• New Mexico Department of Agriculture
• New Mexico State University (WRRI)
• Texas AM Extension Service
• Universidad Autónoma de Cd. Juárez
• University of Texas at El Paso
• El Paso Water Utilities
• ASCE Environmental Water Resources Institute
• Chihuahuan Desert Rescue
• Environmental Defense
• Keystone Heritage Park
• League of Women Voters
• Rio Grande Restoration
• Southwest Environmental Center
• World Wildlife Fund

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Far West Texas Water Planning Group

• Counties (3)
• Municipalities (3)
• Water Districts (2)
• Water Utilities (1)
• Ground Water Conservation Districts (2)
• Agriculture (1)
• Industry (1)
• Environmental (1)
• Economic Development (1)
• Travel Tourism (1)
• Building / Real Estate (1)
• Small Business
• Electric Generating Utilities (1)
• Public (2)
• Other (2)
• Non-Voting Members (14)

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Alphabet Soup of Water Organizations

• Aqua 21
• Far West Texas Water Planning Group
• Lower Rio Grande Water Users Association
• New Mexico / Texas Water Commission
• Paso del Norte Water Task Force
• Paso del Norte Watershed Council
• Border 2012 NM/TX/CHIH Water Task Force
• CHIWAWA
• Rio Grande / Rio Bravo Basin Coalition
• Forgotten River Advisory Committee

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SUSTAINABILITY Meeting the needs of
today without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their needs.    from the
Brundtland Report, Our Common Future  World
Commission on Environment Development
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Sustainable Population Parameters
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Surface Water 740 Mm3 Natural Recharge 30 Mm3
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No Agriculture, 50 Recycling No Agriculture, No
Recycling 50 Agriculture, No Recycling
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Population (in millions)
4
2
0
320
Per Capita Water Use (liters per person per day)
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Friends of the Earth - Middle East

• Affiliated with Friends of the Earth International

• Acts as an umbrella for several Mid-East
  environmental groups

• Membership includes Israelis, Palestinians
  Jordanians

FoEME
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Committee on Sustainable Water Supplies for the
Middle East
Water Use Management Criteria 1. Impact on
Available Water Supply 2. Technically
Feasible 3. Environmental Impact 4. Economically
Feasible 5. Implications for
Intergenerational Equity
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Demand Management
Agriculture
Industry
Pricing
Urban
Criterion 1. Impact on Available Water
Supply 0 0 0 0 2. Technically Feasible 3.
Environmental Impact 0 /- /0 /- 4. Economically
Feasible /- /- /- 5. Implications for
/0 Intergenerational Equity
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Augmenting Supplies
Water Harvesting
Watershed Management
Ground Water Overdraft
Criterion 1. Impact on Available Water
Supply /- 2. Technically Feasible /- 3.
Environmental Impact /- /- - 4. Economically
Feasible /- /- 5. Implications for
? - Intergenerational Equity
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Reclamation, Marginal Water, Desalination
Brackish Water Desalination
Marginal Quality Water
Seawater Desalination
Wastewater Reclamation
Criterion 1. Impact on Available Water
Supply 2. Technically Feasible 3.
Environmental Impact /- - 4. Economically
Feasible /- /- - 5. Implications for
/0 ? Intergenerational Equity
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Maslows Hierarchy of NeedsApplied to the
Individual
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Maslows Hierarchy of NeedsApplied to the
Community
Environmental Enhancement
Environmental Protection
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Scenarios for Cooperative Planning

• Individual actions based on parochial interests

• Guarded dialogue and limited cooperation

• Forthright information-sharing willingness to
  engage in projects of mutual benefit

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Collaborative Planning Principles

• There is no magical leadership structure just
  people relationships.
• Collaboration is messy frustrating but
  indispensable!
• No one is excluded no one is excused.

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Conflicting Interests
Agricultural Water Needs
Municipal Water Needs
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Collaboration Principle 4 As the Table Gets
Larger
It Gets Rounder.
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Collaborative Planning Principles

• There is no magical leadership structure just
  people and relationships.
• Collaboration is messy and frustrating but
  indispensable!
• No one is excluded no one is excused.
• As the table gets larger, it gets rounder.
• As the process continues, the agenda gets
  tougher.
• Its never over.

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Tools for Possible Solutions

• Conservation
• Technology
• Financial Capability
• Region-based Cooperation
• Water Markets
• Growth Management

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Not to know what happened before one was born is
to live always as a child.    Cicero