Dialog Design 2

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Dialog Design 2

• Direct manipulation

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Agenda

• WIMP (finish up)
• Direct manipulation
• Definition
• Advantages disadvantages
• Discuss airline reservation system
• Project hints
• Video (speech)

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Dialog Design

• 1. Command language
• 2. WIMP
• 3. Direct manipulation
• 4. Speech
• 5. Pen, gesture, VE

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Presentation Sequence

• One possible methodology (first-gtlast)
• Natural order (if exists)
• Frequency of use
• Order of use
• Categorical
• Alphabetical
• Dont change dynamically!

Remaining Tidbit
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Direct Manipulation

• 1) Continuous visibility of the objects and
  actions of interest
• 2) Rapid, reversible, incremental actions
• 3) Replacement of command language syntax by
  direct manipulation of object of interest

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Direct Manipulation

• Examples
• WYSIWYG editors and word processors
• VISICALC - 1st electronic spreadsheet
• CAD
• Desktop metaphor
• Video games

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DM Essence

• Representation of reality that can be manipulated
• The user is able to apply intellect directly to
  the task
• The tool itself seems to disappear

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Direct Manipulation

• Advantages

• Disadvantages

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DM Problems

• Waste of screen space (info not all that dense)
• Need to learn meaning of components of visual
  representation
• Visual representation may be misleading
• Mouse ops may be slower than typing
• Not self-explanatory (no prompts)

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DM Problems

• Not good at
• Repetition
• History keeping (harder)
• Certain tasks (Change all italics to bold)
• Macros harder

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DM Advantages

• Easier to learn remember
• Direct WYSIWYG
• Flexible, easily reversible actions
• Provides context instant visual feedback
• Exploits human use of visual spatial cues
• Limits types of errors

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What is DM?

• Word? Emacs?
• In end, must characterize direct manipulation by
  feeling of directness and illusion of
  manipulating objects at hand

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Airline Reservation System
Impressions?

• Strengths

• Weaknesses

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Project Hints

• Change specification on assignment

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Video

• Speech interfaces