System Analysis and Design Methods

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Sistem Informasi Manajemen
Materi 6 Information System Engineering (3)
Dr. Hary Budiarto
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Process Model Design
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Application Architecture

• An application architecture adalah suatu
  teknologi spesifik untuk digunakan dalam
  mengimplementasikan sistem informasi dalam bentuk
  DATA, PROCESS, dan INTERFACE, serta bentuk
  interaksinya.
• It serves as an outline or blueprint for detailed
  design and implementation.

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Physical Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs)

• Physical data flow diagrams (DFDs) model the
  technical and human decisions to be implemented
  as part of an information system.
• They communicate technical choices and other
  design decisions to those who will actually
  construct and implement the system.

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Physical Data Flows

• A physical data flow represents any of the
  following
• The planned implementation of an input to, or
  output from a physical process.
• A database command or action such as create,
  read, update, or delete.
• The import of data from, or the export of data to
  another information system across a network.
• The flow of data between to modules or
  subroutines (represented as physical processes)
  in a program.

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Sample Physical Data Flows
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Sample Physical Data Flows
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Physical Data Store Implementations
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Data Base Design and Construction
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A Modern Data Architecture
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Database Architecture

• Database architecture refers to the database
  technology including the database engine,
  database utilities, CASE tools, and database
  development tools.
• A database management system (DBMS) is
  specialized software that is used to create,
  access, control, and manage the database. The
  core of the DBMS is a database engine.
• A data definition language (DDL) is that part of
  the engine used to physically define tables,
  fields, and structural relationships.
• A data manipulation language (DML) is that part
  of the engine used to create, read, update, and
  delete records in the database, and navigate
  between different files (tables) in the database.

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Typical DBMS Architecture
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User Interface Design and Construction
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User Interface Options
Saat ini dalam melakukan User Interface Design
dengan cara manipulasi langsung dengan melalui
beberapa komponen yaitu

• Menu Selection (Pilihan Menu)
• Dialog Style (Ragam Dialog)
• Form Fill-in (Pengisian Fomulir)

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Construction and Implementation
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What Is System Construction and Implementation?

• Systems construction adalah tahapan pengembangan,
  instalasi, dan testing untuk komponen sistem.
• Systems implementation adalah tahapan operasional
  sehari-hari untuk menjalankan sistem (meaning
  day-to-day operation).

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The Context of System Construction and
Implementation
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Tasks for Completing The Construction Phase

1. Build and Test Networks
2. Build and Test Databases
3. Install and Test New Software Package
4. Write and Test New Programs

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Tasks for Completing The Construction Phase
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Levels of Testing

• Stub testing is the test performed on individual
  events or modules of a program. In other words,
  it is the testing of an isolated subset of a
  program.
• Unit or program testing is a test whereby all the
  events and modules that have been coded and stub
  tested for a program are tested as an integrated
  unit. In other words, it is the testing of an
  entire program.
• Systems testing is a test that ensures that
  application programs written and tested in
  isolation work properly when they are integrated
  into the total system

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Tasks for Completing The Implementation Phase

1. Conduct System Test
2. Prepare Conversion Plan
3. Install Databases
4. Train Users
5. Convert to New System

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Tasks for Completing The Implementation Phase
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Information System Operation and Support
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Support versus Operation
An operational system is frequently called a
production system.

• Systems support is the on-going technical support
  for users, as well as the maintenance required to
  fix any errors, omissions, or new requirements
  that may arise.

• Systems operation is the day-to-day,
  week-to-week, month-to-month, and year-to-year
  execution of an information systems business
  processes and application programs.

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The Context of Systems Operation and Support
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Systems Development, Operation, and Support
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Three Important Data Stores

• The repository is a data store(s) of accumulated
  system knowledgesystem models, detailed
  specifications, and any other documentation
  accumulated during systems development.
• The program library is a data store(s) of all
  application programs.
• The business data is all those data stores of the
  actual business data created and maintained by
  the production application programs.

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Systems Support Activities
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System Support Activities

• Program maintenance corrects bugs or errors
  that slipped through the system development
  process.
• System recovery is the restoration of the system
  and data after a system failure.
• Technical support is any assistance provided to
  users in response to inexperience or
  unanticipated situations.
• System enhancement is the improvement of the
  system to handle new business problems, new
  technical problems, or new technology
  requirements.