Like a recipe:

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Introduction

• Like a recipe
• Reactants Products
• 2H2(g) O2(g) ? 2H2O(l)

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Introduction

• Symbols
• ? Yields or Produces
• (s) solid
• (l) liquid
• (aq) aqueous
• (g) or ? gas

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(l) or (aq)?

• The Difference between (l) and (aq)
• Liquid Pure liquid.Nothing is in it.
• H2O(l)
• Aqueous Dissolved in water.
• NaCl(aq) Salt water

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(l) or (aq)?

• (l) or (aq)?
• Distilled water
• Tap Water
• Iced Tea
• Mouthwash
• Gasoline
• Paint

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Balancing

• Easy Examples
• Hd10 Bu8 ? HdBu

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Balancing
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Balancing
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Balancing
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Balancing
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Balancing

• 1. Must balance because of the Law of Cons.
  of Matter
• 2. Rules
• Can only change the coefficient, never the
  subscript
• Coefficient multiplies every atom in a formula

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Balancing

• S O2 ? SO
• P2(g) H2(g) ? PH3(g)

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Balancing

• Al Cl2 ? AlCl3
• H2O C ? H2 CO
• C3H8 O2 ? CO2 H2O

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Balancing

• C2H6 O2 ? CO2 H2O
• C4H10 O2 ? CO2 H2O
• Na2SO4 Fe(NO3)3 ? NaNO3 Fe2(SO4)3

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Balancing

• Fe(OH)3 H2SO4 ? Fe2(SO4)3 H2O
• Sodium reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide
  and hydrogen gas

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Balancing

• Calcium reacts with water to form hydrogen and
  calcium hydroxide
• Aluminum nitrate reacts with Sodium hydroxide to
  form Aluminum hydroxide and Sodium nitrate

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Balancing

• Copper(II) Chloride reacts with Iron(III) Sulfate
  to form Copper(II)Sulfate and Iron(III) Chloride
• Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) reacts with calcium
  hydroxide to form water and calcium phosphate

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Types of Reactions

• Synthesis (Combination)
• Decomposition
• Combustion
• Single Replacement
• Double Replacement
• Dissolving

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Types of Reactions

• 1. Synthesis
• Two or more elements or compounds combine to form
  a new compound
• Examples
• Na(s) Cl2(g) ? NaCl(s)
• C(s) O2(g) ? CO2(g)
• CaO(s) CO2(g) ? CaCO3(s)

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Types of Reactions

• 2. Decomposition
• Opposite of synthesis
• One compound breaks down, usually requires heat
  energy

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Types of Reactions

• Examples
• HgO(s) ? Hg(l) O2(g)
• CaCO3(s) ? CaO(s) CO2(g)
• KClO3(s) ? KCl(s) O2(g)

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Types of Reactions

• 3. Combustion
• Fast reaction with O2 (Burning)
• Hydrocarbons burn to form CO2 and H2O

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Types of Reactions

• Examples
• Mg(s) O2(g) ? MgO(s)
• C8H18 O2 ? CO2 H2O
• C6H12O6 O2 ? CO2 H2O

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Types of Reactions

• 4. Single replacement
• One element replaces another
• Not every element can replace every other element

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Types of Reactions

• Zn CuCl2 ? Cu ZnCl2
• Cr Pb(NO3)2 ? Pb Cr(NO3)3
• Mg HCl ? MgCl2 H2

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Types of Reactions

• 5. Double replacement
• Two elements switch places
• ZnBr2 AgNO3 ? Zn(NO3)2 AgBr
• BaCl2 H2SO4 ? BaSO4 HCl
• Na2CO3 CaCl2 ? CaCO3 NaCl

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Types of Reactions

• Acid/Base Reactions
• A special type of double replacement
• Acids
• a. produce H
• b. Often start with H (HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4)

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Types of Reactions

• Bases
• a. produce OH-
• b. Hydroxides (Drano, NaOH)
• NaOH HCl ?
• KOH HCl ?

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Types of Reactions

• 6. Dissolving
• A. Molecular Compounds
• 1) Contain all non-metals
• 2) Do not break up into ions
• in water
• 3) Some are still soluble
• C12H22O11(s) ? C12H22O11(aq)

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Types of Reactions
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Types of Reactions

• B. Ionic Compounds and acids
• 1) Contain a metal
• 2) Break up into ions in water.
• 3) Examples
• NaCl(s) ? Na(aq) Cl-(aq)
• CaCl2(s) ? Ca2(aq) 2Cl-(aq)
• KNO3(s) ? K(aq) NO3-(aq)
• 4) Different than decomp. because ions are
  produced.

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Types of Reactions

• What Ions are produced when these dissolve
• AlCl3(s) ?
• Na2CO3(s) ?
• NH4Cl(s) ?
• FeBr2(s) ?
• (NH4)2Cr2O7(s) ?

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Types of Reactions

• BaCO3(s) ? BaO(s) CO2(g)
• Ca(NO3)2(s)?Ca2(aq) 2NO3-(aq)
• KOH HBr ? KBr H2O
• N2 H2 ? NH3
• BaCl2 MgSO4 ? BaSO4 MgCl2
• Cr Pb(NO3)2 ? Pb Cr(NO3)3
• C5H12 O2 ? CO2 H2O

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Predicting Reactions

• Steps
• Identify the type of reaction
• Break all elements into ions (generally keep
  polyatomic together)
• Write the products
• Balance the equation

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Predicting Reactions

• K O2 ?
• Mg O2 ?
• Al Cl2 ?
• Na N2?
• K F2 ?

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Predicting Reactions

• CuSO4 NaOH ?
• BaCl2 AgNO3 ?
• HNO3 LiOH ?
• H2SO4 KOH ?
• AgNO3 HCl ?

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Predicting Reactions

• CuCl2(s) (placed in water)?
• KNO3(s) (placed in water)?
• Mg(NO3)2(s) (placed in water)?
• Na3PO4(s) (placed in water)?

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Predicting Reactions

• CH4 O2 ?
• C2H6 O2 ?
• C3H8 O2 ?
• C6H6 O2 ?

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Types of Reactions

• HCl Ba(OH)2 ?
• HClO4 LiOH ?
• Pb(NO3)2 KI ?
• H3PO4 NaOH ?
• H3PO4 Ca(OH)2 ?

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Types of Reactions

• K2CO3(s) ? (Placed in water)
• HNO3 KOH ?
• Pb(NO3)2 K2SO4 ?
• Al O2 ?
• FeCl3 ? (Placed in water)
• H2SO4 NaOH ?
• C2H4 O2 ?

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Types of Reactions

• C4H10 O2 ?
• Ga Cl2 ?
• H3PO4 NaOH ?
• Ba(NO3)2(s) ? (Placed in water)
• AgNO3 KCl ?
• Li O2 ?

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Molecule to Molecule

• 2H2 O2 ? 2H2O
• 2 molecules
• 4molecules
• 7molecules
• 24 molecules

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Molecule to Molecule

• 2KBrO3 ? 2KBr 3O2
• 2 molecules
• 4 molecules
• 6molecules 12 molecules
• 12 molecules
• 24 molecules

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Molecule to Molecule

• CH4 2O2 ? CO2 2H2O
• 5 molecules
• 18 molecules
• 16 molecules

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Molecule to Molecule

• H3PO4 3NaOH ? Na3PO4 3H2O
• 12 molecules
• 75 molecules
• 18 molecs

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Molecule to Molecule

• 4Al 3O2 ? 2Al2O3
• 100 atoms
• 12 molecules
• 32 molecules

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• P2 H2 ? PH3
• B2H6 H2O ? H3BO3 H2
• C2H4 O2 ? CO2 H2O
• KBrO3 ? KBr O2

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• Fe CuSO4 ?
• KI Pb(NO3)2 ?
• Mg O2 ?
• (NH4)2CO3 ?
• C2H2 O2 ?

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• a) 1 2 1 2
• b) 1 2 1 1
• c) 1 3 1 6
• d) 1 4 1 5
• a) 1 2 1 2
• b) 1 3 3 1
• c) 4 1 4 3
• d) 1 4 3 4

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• 11 a) C6H6O 7O2 ? 6CO2 3H2O
• b) Ca(OH)2 SO3 ? CaSO4 H2O
• c) 6Li N2 ? 2Li3N
• 13 Fe3O4 CO ? 3FeO CO2

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• 2Al 3H2 ? 2Al H3
• 4Al 3O2 ? 2Al2O3
• 2Al 3I2 ? 2AlI3
• 2Al N2 ? 2AlN
• 2SbF5 ? 2Sb 5F2
• PtO2 ? Pt O2
• 3BrF ? Br2 BrF3

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• 2C4H10 13O2 ? 8CO2 10H2O
• H2SO3 ? SO2 H2O
• 2Na O2 ? Na2O2
• 2Cu2O ? 4Cu O2

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• 25. Ca2(aq) 2ClO3-(aq)
• Cs(aq) Br-(aq)
• Al3(aq) 3Cl-(aq)
• 2Cs(aq) SO32-(aq)
• Ca(OH)2 2HI ? CaI2 2H2O
• H2SO4 2LiOH ? 2H2O Li2SO4
• 2HClO4 Ba(OH)2 ? 2H2O Ba(ClO4)2

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• Propane (C3H8) is burned in oxygen to produce
  carbon dioxide and water
• Iron(III)nitrate reacts with lithium carbonate to
  form iron(III)carbonate and lithium nitrate.
• Sodium Chlorate decomposes to form sodium
  chloride and oxygen gas

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• C4H10 O2 ? CO2 H2O
• Barium nitrate reacts with sodium sulfate to form
  barium sulfate and sodium nitrate.
• Silver(I)nitrate reacts with iron(II)chloride to
  form silver(I)chloride and iron(II)nitrate.

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• Mg O2 ?
• C2H2 O2 ?
• Fe CuSO4 ?
• (NH4)2CO3 (heated)?
• Pb(NO3)2 KI ?

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• Ca3(PO4)2 Al2(SO4)3 ? 3CaSO4 2AlPO4
• 2C4H10 13O2 ? 8CO2 10H2O
• 2Fe2S3 9O2 ? 2Fe2O3 6SO2
• Fe2O3 3CO ? 2Fe 3CO2
• 3KBr Al(NO3)3 ? 3KNO3 AlBr3
• 2HgNO3 Na2CO3 ? 2NaNO3 Hg2CO3
• 3Ca 2AlCl3 ? 3CaCl2 2Al
• 2HgO ? 2Hg O2

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• 19. 2Al 3H2 ? 2AlH3
• 4Al 3O2 ? 2Al2O3
• 2Al 3I2 ? 2AlI3
• 2Al N2 ? 2AlN
• 21. SbF5 ? F2 SbF3
• PtO2 ? Pt O2
• 3BrF ? Br2 BrF3
• 25. Ca(ClO3)2(s) ? Ca2 (aq) 2ClO3- (aq)
• CsBr(s) ? Cs(aq) Br-(aq)
• AlCl3(s) ? Al3 (aq) 3Cl- (aq)
• Cs2SO3(s) ? 2Cs (aq) SO32- (aq)

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• Al F2 ?
• C2H6 O2 ?
• KCl(s) (in water) ?
• H2SO4 KOH ?
• Ba N2 ?
• KCl AgNO3 ?
• (NH4)2CO3 (s) (in water) ?

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• C6H12O6 O2 ?
• Na2CO3 FeCl3 ?
• Fe(NO3)2 (s) (in water) ?
• Na O2 ?
• Na2S CuSO4 ?
• Mg Cl2 ?
• HNO3 Ca(OH)2 ?
• C4H6 O2 ?