Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

• Hannah Burris
• Karen He
• Heather Min

http//news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/health/03/
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What is SARS?

• It is a severe viral pneumonia.
• It is caused by a coronavirus (SARS-CoV).
• Over the 2003 outbreak, 8,098 people were
  infected by SARS and 774 people died from it.

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The Emergence of SARS

• First emerged at Guangdong in November 2002.
• SARS was formed from many agents.
• Reached Hong Kong in February 2003.
• By February 11, 2003, China had three-hundred
  cases and five deaths from SARS.
• -Became a global threat by March 2003.

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Properties of the SARS-CoV

• Incubation periodtwo to seven days
• Chance of transmission is greatest around the
  tenth day.
• Began with bats.
• SARS jumped to humans by the Civet cats

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os/2006/April/060417/060418_civet_vmed_9a.widec.jp
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How SARS Spreads

• Person to person contact
• Bodily fluids
• Respiratory droplets
• Touching things that were already contaminated

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Symptoms

• High fever
• Headache
• Myalgia
• Dry cough
• Chills
• Fatigue
• Dizziness
• Pneumonia

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Diagnosis

• Doctor Questionnaire
• Travel
• Workplace
• Direct contact with infected individuals
• Chest x-rays used to find atypical pneumonia or
  respiratory distress syndrome

http//www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects2004/
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Super-Spreader Events

• Metropole Hotel
• Prince of Wales Hospital
• Amoy Gardens Apartment Complex

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Cumulative Numbers of SARS Cases in Canada,
China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan
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Cumulative Numbers of SARS Cases in the
Philippines, Singapore, Vietnam, and the United
States
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Cumulative Numbers of SARS Cases and Deaths
Worldwide
Based on the data from December 2003, about 9.6
of SARS cases result in death.
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Treatment
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• No specific cure available
• A combination of steroids and interferons
• Oral ribavirin

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Board Game
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References

• Anderson, Roy M. , Fraser, Christophe, Ghani,
  Azra C., Donnelly, Christi A., Riley, Steven,
  Ferguson , Neil M., Leung, Gabriel M., Lam, T.
  H., and Hedley, Anthony J. (2004) Epidemiology,
  transmission dynamics and control of SARS the
  2002-2003 epidemic. The Royal Society, June 15th.
• Gallaher, Stephanie (2005) SARS What We Have
  Learned So Far. Dimensions of Critical Care
  Nursing, Vol. 24, No. 2, 55-56.
• Hui, PK, Lin, Lin, Yang, Zhimin, Chan, MH, Poon,
  Kelvin, Bo, Lu Yu, Wong, V, Ko, WM and Yip, WC
  (2003) Traditional Chinese medicine in the
  management of patients with SARS in Hong Kong
  Special Administrative Region a case-control
  study of 24 patients. Report C, 183-191.
• Lau, Joseph T.F., Tsui, Hiyi, Lau, Mason, and
  Yang, Xilin (2004) SARS Transmission, Risk
  Factors, and Prevention in Hong Kong. Emerging
  Infectious Disease, Vol. 10, No. 4.
• Sande, Merle A., Allan R. Ronald (2004) Update
  in Infectious Disease. Annals of Internal
  Medicine, Vol. 140, No.4, 290-296.
• Tomlinson, Brian Cockram, Clive (2003) SARS
  experience at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong
  Kong. The Lancet, Vol. 361.
• Tsui, Ping Tim, Kwok, Man Leung, Yuen, Hon, and
  Lai, Sik To (2003) Severe Acute Respiratory
  Syndrome Clinical Outcome and Prognostic
  Correlates. Emerging Infectious Disease, Vol. 9,
  No. 9.
• Wang, Jann-Tay, Sheng Wang-Huei, Fang, Chi-Tai,
  Chen, Yee-Chun, Wang, Jiun-Ling, Yu, Chong-Jen,
  Chang, Shan-Chwen, and Yang, Pan-Chyr (2004)
  Clinical Manifestations, Laboratory Findings, and
  Treatment Outcomes of SARS Patients. Emerging
  Infectious Disease, Vol. 10, No. 5.
• Wong, Raymond S.M. Hui, David S. (2004) Index
  Patient and SARS Outbreak in Hong Kong. Emerging
  Infectious Disease, Vol. 10, No. 2.
• Yang, Gee-Gwo, Lin, Shinn-Zont, Liao, Kuang-Wen,
  Lee, Jen-Jyh, and Wang, Lih-Shinn (2004)
  SARS-associated Coronavirus Infection in
  Teenagers. Emerging Infectious Disease, Vol. 10,
  No. 2.
• CDC - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
• http//www.cdc.gov/ncidod/sars/index.htm
• China WHO Full Recovery of SARS Averages 85
  Percent
• http//www.china.org.cn/english/features/sars/6735
  6.htm
• Medical News Today First Effective Treatment for
  SARS
• http//www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/5015.php
• MedlinePlus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
• http//www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/severeacuteresp
  iratorysyndrome.html
• WHO Cumulative Number of Reported Probable Cases
  of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)