Bottom Up Indonesian Internet Infrastructure

1
Bottom Up Indonesian Internet Infrastructure

• Onno W. Purbo
• Onno_at_indo.net.id
• Independent IT Writer

2
Important Key Factor

• Human
• Community
• Society
• NOT Technology
• NOT

3
Overview

• Commercial ISP Development
• Historical View Tech. Aspects
• Internet Community Development
• Major Achievements
• No backup from World Bank, IMF, ADB
• Bottom-up Community based Sustainable development

4
Key Strategies

• Human factor is the most important KEY.
• Provide Free Education to the Society
• Copyleft Copywrong movement
• http//www.bogor.net/idkf/
• http//pandu.dhs.org/
• Free? How about the reward?
• God provides reward in unimaginable ways.

5
Society Education Process
6
Involving Many Volunteers ..

• Michael Sunggiardi (Bogor)
• I Made Wiryana (Germany)
• Umar Tjokroaminoto (Medan)
• Adi Nugroho (Makassar)
• Irwin Day (Makassar)
• Ismail Fahmi (Bandung)
• Etc

7
Basic strategy in short ..

• Either lead or follow but please dont block the
  road for those who would move forward Phil
  Karn at Qualcomm, one of the Wireless Internet
  guru.

8
Commercial Internet Development
9
Commercial ISPs

• APJII Indonesian ISP Association
• http//www.apjii.or.id
• IndoNet
• the first Indonesian commercial ISP in 1994.

10
APJII Membership

• 150 Principal License Holder
• 80 Member APJII
• 40 active in providing services
• 100 cities, all provinces
• Common Facilities
• APJII IIX
• APJII IDNIC
• Domain Registration NIR (APNIC)

11
Principal Operational License
12
Subscriber Distribution
13
Targeted Total Indonesian Internet Users
14
Indonesia Internet Exchange
GLOBAL INTERNET
ISP
ISP
APJII IIX (GCC TELKOM)
15
Some grassroots movements

• Internet Café
• High Speed Wireless Internet (11-54Mbps)

16
Indonesian Internet Cafes

• 2000 Internet Cafes
• Mostly self-finance
• Hangout at asosiasi-warnet_at_yahoogroups.com
• Fight for expanding own network concept towards
  community based network.

17
Indonesian Internet Café

• Access Cost for Public Users
• Rp. 5000 / hour.
• Access Cost for Students at Schools
• Rp. 5000 / month
• Return of Investment
• 1-2 Years (no WB, no IMF, no ADB, no GoI funding)
• Internet Café is an affordable solution for
  Indonesian to access the Internet. It may enable
  20 million Indonesian to Internet in next 4-5
  years.

18
Indonesian Wireless Internet

• Close to 1000 corporate users
• Uses 11Mbps (soon 54Mbps) wireless connection
• 2.4GHz (soon at 5-5.8GHz)
• Hangout indowli_at_yahoogroups.com
• Fight for free frequency license

19
Historical View

• Social (human) Aspects
• Technological Aspects

20
Network Topology Jan 1993
21
Homebrew Radio Modem
22
Software PC based

• 286 e-mail only
• Freeware network operating system (NOS)
• Downloadable from ftp//ftp.ucsd.edu/hamradio/pack
  et/

23
AI3 Indonesia 1997
CAnet3
STARTAP
WIDE
TransPAC
AI3
S-One / SingaREN
APAN
vBNS
AI3 Indonesia
IIX
24
Current Technology Push

• Wireless Internet 11-54Mbps
• Estimated cost US150 / unit
• Unlicensed band 2.4Ghz, 5-5.8GHz
• Build own network, no Telco!

25
Two Way Satellite
26
Success Factor

• Community based development.
• Human Resource Development
• Culture!
• Shifting mind set!
• Self-financing.
• Human is the key factor!

27
Access Behavior

• Source Adi Nugroho adi_at_internux.co.id
• 50 Internet Café in Makassar, Sulawesi
• 20-27 January 2002.

28
Logged Access Sites in Makassar
.yahoo.com 6.96
.yimg.com 6.77
.bolehmail.com 4.69
lterrorgt 2.98
.plasa.com 2.52
.astaga.com 2.02
.17tahun.com 1.72
.doubleclick.net 1.46
.extrajos.com 1.40
.msn.com 1.16
.akamai.net 1.00
.freebiespider.com 0.85
.geocities.com 0.76
.rileks.com 0.75
gt 202.53.225. 0.74 gt .chek.com 0.61 gt .detik.com 0.49 gt .adbutler.com 0.44 gt .kompas.com 0.40 gt .icq.com 0.27 gt other 2nd-level-domains 62.01 gt --------------------------------------- ------ gt Sum 100.00
29
Access Behavior

• Search engine webmail are the the most accessed
  site.
• News online media are next.
• Indonesian pornographic site is next in the row
  (not much).
• 2.98 users normally mistype the URL.
• Yahoo.com its family is the most (13) accessed
  site.

30
Indonesian Internet Communities

• http//www.yahoogroups.com
• http//groups.yahoo.com
• http//groups.plasa.com
• Survey done at yahoogroups.com

31
Historical Perspective

• 90 Indonesians_at_jamus.berkeley.edu
• 96 Mailing-lists_at_itb.ac.id
• 99 Mailing-lists_at_yahoogroups.com

32
Evaluate yahoogroups.com

• 45.000 Indonesian mailing lists
• Mostly lt100 subscribers
• Evaluate only gt100 subscribers

33
(No Transcript)
34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
Evaluation
Total mailing list 49913
Evaluated 30195 (60.5)
Mailing list gt 100 subs 1247 (4.2)
37
Mailing lists
total 1247
Pornography 73 (5.9)
Social 350 (28.1)
Religion 155 (12.4)
Politics 94 (7.5)
Knowledge 257 (20.6)
Hobby 110 (8.8)
Economics 16 (1.3)
Business 192 (15.4)
38
Subscribers
total 451887
Pornography 59871 (13.2)
Social 87875 (19.4)
Religion 55055 (12.2)
Politics 32124 (7.1)
Knowledge 83736 (18.5)
Hobby 48342 (10.7)
Economics 4595 (1.0)
Business 80289 (17.8)
39
Messages in 2001
total 1593523
Pornography 42590 (2.7)
Social 371749 (23.3)
Religion 190427 (12.0)
Politics 186583 (11.7)
Knowledge 291544 (18.3)
Hobby 236023 (14.8)
Economics 13542 (0.8)
Business 261065 (16.4)
40
Activeness (msg/subs/month)
Pornography 0.71
Social 4.23
Religion 3.46
Politics 5.81
Knowledge 3.48
Hobby 4.88
Economics 2.95
Business 3.25
41
Bandwidth (Kbps)
total 1,711
Pornography 704 (41.2)
Social 236 (13.8)
Religion 146 (8.5)
Politics 113 (6.6)
Knowledge 270 (15.8)
Hobby 103 (6.0)
Economics 9 (0.6)
Business 128 (7.5)
42
Summary ..

• Copyleft copywrong movement done by many
  volunteers (not the govt) really help in
  providing knowledge to the society enable them
  to build their own infrastructure.
• Wireless Internet Internet café technology is
  the key infrastructure. Most of the
  infrastructure are self-finance with no WB, IMF
  ADB involvement.
• Govt of Indonesia most of the time claim our
  sucesses ask for funding to donor agencies.