Amino Acid and Protein Structure

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Amino Acid and Protein Structure

• Montara Peavy
• Tolu Ashimolowo

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Amino Acid structure

• Amino acids are composed of
• An amino group
• A carboxyl group
• A central alpha carbon
• A hydrogen
• A variable R group.
• All groups are attached to the central carbon.

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Amino Acid structure

• The R group is what determines the property of
  the amino acid.
• It is different for each amino acid.
• Amino acids join together by the formation of a
  peptide bond.
• A peptide bond is formed by a condensation
  reaction when the carboxyl group of one amino
  acid joins with the amino group of another.
• Water is lost is the reaction.

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Amino Acid structure

• The R groups could be
• Polar
• Non-polar
• Negatively charged
• Positively charged
• Aromatic

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Protein structure

• Proteins are composed of multiple amino acids
  which make up the
• Primary structure
• Secondary structure
• Tertiary Structure
• Quaternary structure

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Protein structure

• The primary structure is composed of straight
  chain amino acids.
• The secondary structure is made up of an a helix
  and ß pleated sheets. Both use hydrogen bonds to
  stabilize the structures.
• Tertiary structure is the complete 3D
  conformation of the protein. Non-covalent bonds
  are used in this structure.
• Quaternary structure is derived from the
  interaction of two or more polypeptides.

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Protein Structure
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Quaternary Structure
Lehninger (2008) Principles of Biochemistry, 5th
Edition,
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References

• Lehninger (2008) Principles of Biochemistry, 5th
  Edition,