Blood Drives at Oregon State University

1
Blood Drives at Oregon State University

• Taking a look at the historical landscape.
• A project for Geo 522, Winter 2008.
• Scott Waggoner

2
Introduction
1

• An important part of college life that can
  often be overshadowed is the impact of a blood
  drive. Just as students are getting ready to
  engage in skills that they will use for the rest
  of their lives, campus blood drives present an
  opportunity and challenge to bring in a new donor
  base which may go on to donate for the rest of
  their lives. Often it only takes that one time
  in which someone decides to try it out, that they
  overcome any fears or regrets that the process
  might have and feel a sense of relief and
  satisfaction in being able to say Ive saved a
  life today.

The focus of my Masters research project is
currently striving to bring a spatial perspective
to the current practices of the regional blood
bank. The Red Cross Pacific Northwest Blood
Region alone needs about 5,000 units of blood
each week to provide for the region. These blood
donations are divided into three parts, providing
life saving products to three potential hospital
patients. A spatial perspective can help to
identify regional factors that may enhance or
inhibit donations. For example, in Bend recently
the tactic of attending Gun Shows was taken on.
Although it raised some eyebrows in confusion,
the tactic paid off well with increased
donations.
1952 OSU Blood Drive, OSU Archives
3
Blood Drives at Oregon State University
Introduction
2

• At Oregon State University, one of the largest
  blood drives in the nation is held each term.
  The campus drive brings in nearly 1,000 units of
  blood a term with about 1,200 attempting to
  donate. With a first time donor average of about
  17 of the donors each term, there is significant
  reason to believe these donors become donors for
  life. It is believed that this drive is so
  successful because of the social landscape that
  has been created. Oregon State University is a
  large-scale university in a small-scale town far
  from major cities. This means that unlike other
  Universities, Oregon State lacks commuter
  students and therefore has a more captive
  audience with significant amount of time to space
  on campus while waiting for the next class or
  meeting. The drive on campus has actually gone
  beyond the message of saving lives to one of
  actually being a part of what it means to be a
  college student at Oregon State University.

The top 10 sponsors for blood in the Pacific
Northwest Region during the 1997-98 fiscal
year- 1) Oregon State University, 2,852 units 2)
Western Oregon University, 893 units 3)
Tektronix-Beaverton, 797 units 4) Oregon
Institute of Technology, 639 units 5) Intel-Jones
Farm, 602 units 6) Boeing of Portland, 545
units 7) Dallas Civic Center, 542 units 8)
Intel-Ronler Acres, 523 units 9) Hewlett-Packard
of Corvallis, 510 units 10) Intel-Aloha, 481
units American Red Cross/ OSU News Services 1
The drive on campus is currently operated the
Monday through Thursday of the Fall, Winter, and
Spring terms over at the Memorial Union Ballroom.
However, this isnt how it has always been and
with a deep history dating back at least the 50s
and 60s there has been an evolutionary process
that has defined the current drive. As new ideas
are considered for the future, the messages of
the past cant be ignored. That is why this
project aimed at searching through records to
determine what changes occur, and then to
evaluate the historic landscape to try and find
the reasoning to avoid repeating mistakes from
the past.
4
Goals
Introduction
3

• To look at the history of the Oregon State
  drive, several questions and objectives were kept
  in mind as a jumping off point for the research.
  Goals were set in conjunction with Red Cross
  personnel and what data could be made available.

• Obtain historic data for blood drive operations
  at Oregon State
• Evaluate the historic landscapes to attempt a
  look at factors that may have had impacts on
  performance.
• What days have blood drives been held on in the
  past? Why were changes made?
• What hours have the blood drives been run? Why
  were changes made?
• How has seasonality of the blood drives affected
  performance?
• How have changing regulations for blood
  collections impacted the campus?
• What role does the greater community have on the
  Oregon State blood drive?
• Can this information be used to help judge where
  the blood drives on campus should go in the
  future?

The final question presents the real premise of
the project, in that all of these questions are
currently needing answers to determine the
direction the future should take.
5
Methodology
4

• Based upon the goals above, two distinct
  methods were used to answer the key questions.
  First, data was collected from blood drives
  dating as far back as possible. Second, the data
  trends and results were discussed via personal
  interviews to determine the role of the historic
  landscape, and if these factors still exist to
  today.
• The current territory representative for this
  part of the Pacific Northwest Regional Blood
  Collections of the American Red Cross spent a day
  going through the records for the Oregon State
  University donor site. Data from the
  computerized Hemosphere (pictured upper right)
  program presented data from Spring 2004 to the
  present. Before that, the Red Cross used a
  system called Mobile Sched (pictured lower
  right), an older database that was maintained by
  hand written records. These two database systems
  had a variety of different data, and some data
  was not collected. The Red Cross is mainly
  interested in results, and as such focuses on
  collected units rather than attendance. For the
  purposes of this project, data for daily
  collections (complete units of blood collected)
  was compared to goals set forth before the drive.

Hemosphere Data
Mobile Sched Data
6
Evaluating the Historic Landscape
Methodology
5

• As was seen in The Interpretation of Ordinary
  Landscapes, the definition of landscape can take
  on several different dimensions of meaning. With
  the campus blood drive landscape is best
  described as a system2, in which the drive is
  simply one part of a greater process with many
  possible causes and responses to any change in
  the rest of the system. For example, a change in
  enrollment at OSU would greatly impact donor
  turnout. There are a great many potential
  vectors to explore, and interpretation of how and
  why the data changed over time took a bit of
  help.
• To take a look at the historic landscape,
  personal interviews were conducted with the Red
  Cross Territory Representatives who managed the
  drives over the times of data collected. This
  includes Janice Hardy (the current territory
  representative as of Spring 07), Tim Lippert
  (currently the director of collections for the
  greater Portland area, was territory
  representative for OSU from 2004 to 2006), and
  Douglas Tracy (now retired, ran the OSU drives
  from Fall 1995 to Spring 2003). They were asked
  to provide any details or commentary from when
  they ran the drive, as well as what they heard
  from before and after they ran the drive. A lot
  of comparisons were made to how historically the
  drive compares to what we know from today. In
  addition, input was requested as to what might be
  needed to be taken into consideration for the
  future.
• It is worth note that while this project hoped
  to go farther back in time, through the process
  of this project it was determined by the Red
  Cross that microfiche data from before 1993 had
  been accidentally disposed of and was lost.
  Since the Red Cross Blood Services area is very
  progressive thinking, they seldom look at or
  refer to historical data as they are busy looking
  into meeting future goals. This project was well
  received by the associated parties above as to
  have someone finally take a historic approach
  that appreciates the work that has been done in
  the past and use it to help define the future.

7
Research
6

• Data was obtained from Fall 1993 to present
  (summary results are posted to the right) and
  compared to personal perspectives from the drive
  territory representatives. Keeping goals in
  mind, the following pages go case by case
  discussing various elements of a blood drive and
  how this landscape has effected it, both now and
  historically.
• Days of the Drive
• The creation of the Blood Drive Association,
• Hours of the drive
• Taking Staff into Consideration
• Seasonality of the drive
• Civil War Blood Drive
• Changing Regulations
• HIV/AIDS
• Mad Cow Disease
• Tattoos
• Changing Practices
• Appointments vs. Walk-Ins
• Summer Drive
• Double Red Cell
• Greater Community
• Fixed Site

Table 1.0, Data Summary Totals
8
Days of the Drive
7

• On a college campus the day of an event can
  define who comes to the event. People have
  different schedules depending on the day, and at
  OSU we have well defined standard
  Monday/Wednesday/Friday classes as well as
  Tuesday/Thursday classes that tend to be a bit
  longer. In addition, college students schedules
  are very defined by when assignments and projects
  are due. On the following page several graphs
  were constructed to display how days of the week
  have faired for the collected data.
• The top two graphs (Figures 1.0 and 1.1) took
  into account the weekly average for each drive,
  and then compared the individual days to see if
  they were below the average or above the average.
  It is worth note that in the fall of 2003, a
  fourth day (Monday) was added to the drive and
  therefore fewer Mondays are included. The tables
  seem to show that the start of the week
  underperforms compared to the end of the week.
  Taking a look at the raw data, it appears that
  this is more the case in the past six years than
  it was during the 90s and early 21st century. In
  fact, in Fall of 2000 there was actually a drive
  in which the first day of the drive (Tuesday)
  outperformed both Wednesday and Thursday. This
  point becomes apparent in the third graph (Figure
  1.2) which displays which day performed best
  during each week of the drive. Thursdays appear
  to have dominance as the biggest day of the
  drive.
• There are many potential reasons as to why this
  progression of donations through the week occurs.
  Staff actually refer to Thursday as
  Chicken-day, as it tends to attract people who
  procrastinated during the first few days of the
  drives and have to come at that point. Thursday
  also marks the end of the academic week for many
  people, meaning they have less to stress about
  than any other day. Older data seems to indicate
  that Wednesday used to be the best day a lot more
  often, which could be a sign of changes in
  desired class schedules on campus

9
8
Days of the Drive
10
Blood Drive Association
Days of the Drive
9

• The days of the drive were chosen a long time
  ago by the Red Cross staff. Things changed when
  a great deal of the setup work was transferred to
  a campus student organization that was founded on
  campus, the OSU Blood Drive Association (BDA).
  Creation of the BDA started in 2002 when several
  students from Halsell Hall met with the Red Cross
  coordinator for the drive at the time, Douglas
  Tracy. Halsell Hall, at the time, was a brand
  new residence hall that was community service
  focused. Residents were actually required to
  take on projects to live there. This
  collaboration led to the formation for a group
  that services the entire campus. The BDA is
  tasked with assisting in the operations of blood
  drives held on campus, by providing promotions,
  managing appointments, and providing volunteers
  the day of the event.
• With a student voice strongly in the
  operations, things started to change. Within a
  year, the BDA requested that the drive be run
  over four days (Monday to Thursday) instead of
  three days (Tuesday to Thursday). From talking
  with Douglas Tracy, he said that the decision was
  ill-advised by him due to the nature of the
  beginning of the week already being slow. The
  first drive with a Monday was held in the Fall of
  2003, and although it didnt meet the goals set
  forth Tracy said it was a big success. This is
  because it helped reduce the stress of the last
  few days and offered students more options.

OSU Blood Drive Association Logo
The BDA, Fall 2006
11
Hours of the Drive
10

• Beyond the day the drive is held, the hours the
  drive is run can define a drives success as
  well. With a campus drive, one has to take into
  consideration students daily schedules and
  habits. For example, students tend to only be on
  campus between the time of their first class
  starting and last class ending. Few students
  would want to get up any earlier to come on
  campus before they needed to, and students tend
  to be exhausted after a full day of classes and
  be unwilling to participate in later events. As
  such, the history of the drive has had a variety
  of different drive hours.

Table 1.1, Sampling of Drive Hours.
The table to the upper right displays a
sampling of drive hours from the data collected.
They represent when changes to the times
occurred. Drive hours represent times at which
new donors are accepted. Actual operation times
tend to be an hour before the drive for setup,
and an hour and a half after the drive (an hour
to process the donor and about thirty minutes
cleanup). Douglas Tracy said that the shifts in
time to be later was due to a lack of donors,
because the students either were not on campus
yet, or were in class/work if they were. As can
be seen on the next page drives formerly were
started at 9 AM, and slowly this was shifted to
10 AM, and now to 11 AM. This could be a shift in
thinking over time, as historically students may
have been more willing and able to have morning
commitments. Drives that were held at half-hours
tended to perform poorly as well, which was most
likely because of confusion.
12
Hours of the Drive
11
Historical advertisements from the OSU Archives
Memorabilia collection. Upper Left- 1992 Fall
Drive, Right- 1996 Spring Drive, Lower Left- A
spring term (year unknown- the dates and drive
time dont match up with any of the obtained
records).
13
Taking Staff into Consideration
Hours of the Drive
12

• Another point to consider when it comes to
  maintaining a blood drive is to look at staffing
  considerations. The more staff available during
  a given hour, the faster it will take a donor to
  get through the process. According to Douglas
  Tracy, staffing for blood drives goes through an
  ever changing equation based upon goals. Due to
  the nature of the Oregon State drive and its
  scale, he concluded that the existing staffing
  protocols dont quite work. This is because of
  the nature for student schedules to get out at
  certain points, and the reliance of the Oregon
  State drive on walk-in donors. This is in
  contrast to typical blood drives held at
  businesses and churches, as they only have
  appointments that limit the number of donors
  coming in during a 15 minute time block.

From conversations with Janice Hardy, it
becomes apparent how important staffing concerns
need to be. Being the largest drive, with often
significant lines of people waiting, it can be
quite daunting work. If a staff member becomes
frustrated or tired, this could result in a poor
experience for the donor. A domino effect has
been observed in that a poor experience for a
donor can lead to donation complications.
Another donor or staff member seeing this could
put them out of ease, making one complication
turn into many. She also noted that union
requirements must be taken into consideration as
well.
2004 Spring Blood Drive, The Daily Barometer
14
Seasonality
13

• Taking things to a broader scale, another goal
  was to look at the role of the season in
  determining the drives success. With the
  existing blood drive it is known and expected for
  the Fall term to outperform the Winter and
  Spring, with typically the Spring term being the
  second largest and Winter taking third place.
  This historic data indicates that it used to be
  less predictable, as up to 1998 the best
  performing term seemed to shift (see below).
  Since 1998, all but the previous year had the
  Fall term drive being the largest performer.
• This seems counter-intuitive, as events on
  campus traditionally bring in more later in the
  year. The reasoning for this is that students
  get oriented with the campus and start to know
  more about what is going on. It would make sense
  for a first time donor in the fall term to be
  more willing to donate in the Winter and Spring
  given that they have gone over the hurdle before.

Left, Figure 1.3, A look at which term best
performed for each academic year. Below, Table
1.2, The best term highlighted for each year.
15
Civil War Blood Drive
Seasonality
14

• It is believed that what has kept the Fall term
  drive largest has been the introduction of a
  Civil War competition that parallels that of the
  ongoing sports rivalry between Oregon State and
  the University of Oregon. Douglas Tracy
  explained the origins of the project as occurring
  in Spring 2002 when a similar collegiate
  competition was discussed in Michigan and how it
  increased donations. Public Relations for the
  Red Cross got hold of the idea and made it a
  reality for that Fall, to occur just prior to the
  Civil War Football game. This project marked a
  partnership between four organizations the
  American Red Cross, Lane Memorial Blood Bank, the
  Oregon State University Alumni Association, and
  the University of Oregon Alumni Association. To
  give a sense of perspective, it helps to think of
  Blood Banks as competing businesses. For two
  Blood Banks to partner like this represented a
  big change to the blood banking industry, and the
  2004 Civil War drive earned an Educational Merit
  from the American Association of Blood Banks.

The Civil War Blood Drive at its heart is a
statewide competition that occurs from the
beginning to middle of November. At most
donation sites, donors are asked to vote for a
team in order to receive a chance at free
football tickets. Large promotional efforts are
made on television, radio, and press releases.
On campus, the week long drive during that period
of time tends to bring in both the normal crowd,
as well as the spirited crowd that simply wants
to see the Beavs beat the Ducks. For more
information, see www.civilwarblooddrive.com
Logo for the 2005 Civil War Blood Drive, ARC
16
Changing Regulations
15

• With a world that has ever become more aware of
  how things work, we continue to find potential
  risks for the blood bank industry. This was
  first sparked during the 80s with the scare of
  HIV/AIDs, in which blood transfusions were
  identified as a major vector for transmission of
  the disease. Before that point of time, donation
  screening was handled by the blood bank itself
  and sometimes even at the site of the donation.
  The need for more testing meant that extensive
  facilities had to be constructed. Blood
  collections is regulated by the Food and Drug
  Administration (FDA), which uses a policy of
  identifying at risk populations for outbreaks.
  To limit the potential for spread, the FDA
  imposed new donor guidelines that significantly
  reduced the donor base. The next few pages
  discuss specific cases and how they have had an
  impact to the local landscape.
• For the American Red Cross Biomedical Services,
  there are five national testing labs that do a
  thorough screening process of all donations.
  Currently tests are done for ABO/Rh
  determination, Antibody detection, Automated test
  for Syphilis, Antibody to HIV, Antibody to
  Hepatitis B, Antibody to Hepatitis C, Antibody to
  Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus, West Nile Virus,
  and many variants to these (American Red Cross
  3). The facility that screens regionally is
  located in Portland, near the airport, and
  usually receives a sample of all donated products
  within 24 hours of the actual donation. The cost
  to sample each donation is about 86, which pays
  for the extensive lab training and expensive
  equipment with many of the individual testing
  machines costing in excess of half a million
  dollars (Portland NTL).

17
HIV/ AIDS
Changing Regulations
16

• The most public regulation change that has been
  made to blood drives has been in reaction to HIV/
  AIDS. With the outbreak of HIV in the mid-1980s,
  attention fell on the potential high risk
  populations. One of the first populations that
  it hit was that of Homosexual males in
  California, and with growing concerns about
  contamination of the blood supply the FDA made
  the preventative move to permanently defer from
  donations men who have had sex with other men,
  and temporarily defer women who have had sexual
  relations with these men. The concern was that
  hemophiliacs require blood clotting solution
  derived from blood products and can be a
  transmission point for HIV. An individual
  hemophiliac can receive blood products from up to
  5,000 different donors through their lifetime,
  putting them at considerable risk of contracting
  any viral infections (AVERT 4).
• At a campus scale, these regulations have
  sparked a bit of controversy. Since colleges are
  a forefront for equality and human rights, to
  exclude Gays has been taken as a sign of
  discrimination. The FDA continues to monitor at
  risk populations, and stands with its deferral
  with the note that if the population ceases being
  at risk the standards could be changed. They
  note that testing has been implemented, but is
  not full proof (the test looks for anti-bodies
  that may not be produced for several months after
  the point of infection).
• At Oregon State, there has been concern and a
  grievance was posted to the University. This was
  following suit with action that was taken at
  Southern Oregon University in Ashland, where in
  2003 blood drives were pushed off campus due to
  student concerns (A.P. 5). The American Red
  Cross seeks to comply with FDA regulations, and
  in its very purpose must remain neutral for its
  purpose as a humanitarian organization.

18
Mad Cow Disease
Changing Regulations
17

• Another infection that sparked concern with the
  blood supply was that of Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease
  (CJD), more commonly known as Mad Cow disease.
  For CJD, the method of transmitting is still not
  well understood and there is no evidence that it
  can be transmitted from donors to patients
  through blood transfusions. Since there is a
  potential though, the following restrictions were
  introduced
• You are not eligible to donate if
• From January 1, 1980, through December 31, 1996,
  you spent (visited or lived) a cumulative time of
  3 months or more, in the United Kingdom (UK)
• You spent (visited or lived) a cumulative time of
  5 years or more from January 1, 1980, to present,
  in any combination of country(ies) in Europe
• (ARC 6)

The effect on campus was immediately seen when
the restrictions were implemented in 1997.
According to the territory representative at the
time, Douglas Tracy, on the first day they had to
turn away 23 donors which was a significant
percent of the people who came to show. What
mostly concerned Tracy is that unlike most
reasons people get turned away, this is a
permanent deferral- they wont be allowed to
donate in the foreseeable future and most likely
will go on to tell others not to donate as well.
Given OSUs strength as an internationally
friendly University, there is a significant
population on campus that cant donate because
they were born in a certain country that had risk
of Mad Cow exposure that has been unproven to be
transmitted by blood donations.
Blood Products, ARC
19
Tattoos
Changing Regulations
18

• With the previous notes as to how far fewer
  people can donate, it is not to say every
  population is continuing to be restricted.
  Regionally, about two years ago restrictions on
  receiving tattoos changed. Due to the previously
  discussed risks with blood transfusions, there is
  also a risk in sharing needles used for tattoos.
  Because of this, those who received tattoos were
  considered to be an at-risk population for
  infection and were deferred from donating.
  Changes in regulating procedures though have
  created a sterile working environment that is
  trustworthy, and therefore tattoos given at
  licensed parlors now have no deferral.
• On campus, education of the change is a slow
  process. Even though the restrictions have
  changed, many people still do not know of the
  change. The stigma created by a restriction can
  adversely effect donations for the foreseeable
  future, and as such an advertising campaign has
  been started to get the word out. Overall, this
  has helped to bring in a new population of
  donors, and offer students who enjoy donating the
  opportunity to now receive tattoos.

2008 Advertising Campaign, ARC
20
Changing Practices
19

• With technology on the rise new opportunities
  have been provided to offer new options and make
  life easier. This has been true for blood
  collections as well. For this landscape, it has
  meant mobility and portability of setups in which
  entire network infrastructures can be setup at a
  drive in just a matter of minutes.
• The following pages discuss some of the
  processes that are currently being introduced or
  expanded for the Oregon State blood drive.
  Firstly, the role of the Summer term blood drive,
  its introduction, and the lessons learned. Then
  a look was taken at the ongoing process of
  bringing appointments to a traditional drive that
  has no signups and lets people walk in. Finally,
  the introduction of Double Red technology is
  taken a look at to give a sign at potential
  future changes and considerations.

2002 Spring Blood Drive, The Daily Barometer
21
Summer Term Blood Drive
Changing Practices
20

• Another point worth note is that not only are
  drives held on campus during the standard
• academic year, but a drive is also held during
  the Summer term as well. The Summer term drive
  started in 1995, and with two buses (goal of
  about 90 units a day) for just one or two days
  represented a significantly smaller setup than
  what students were used to.
• The smaller setup did have implications and
  notes that were taken into consideration for the
  academic year. According to Douglas Tracy, the
  biggest note was that it represented a paradigm
  shift for students and staff that moved away from
  accepting anyone who showed up to a strict
  appointment system. This had to be implemented
  because at a smaller scale, large unpredicted
  loads are much more difficult to handle. A large
  group of donors could come in and push the wait
  back several hours. The drive also seems to
  attract a larger percentage of faculty and staff
  donors. Also, the location change was taken
  difficultly as the smaller drive did not need the
  Memorial Ballroom so it was placed outside in two
  buses. Students tended to not be

oriented to donating on a bus, which some find to
be more comfortable and others can find
claustrophobic.
2006 Summer Blood Drive at the MU Brick
Courtyard, Scott Waggoner
22
Appointments versus Walk-ins
Changing Practices

• A key trait for the Oregon State drive has been
  the implementation of a walk-in policy. The
  average blood drive tends to have a goal of 30
  units, and as seen at the Summer blood drive can
  be heavily impacted by many walk-ins. With goals
  ranging in the 250 range, creating a signup
  system and allowing large groups to donate
  together was a daunting task before computers and
  therefore was not implemented.
• With computer systems now available, and an
  increasingly online oriented word, appointments
  were first tried in Spring of 2006. Tim Lippert
  developed the system, in which a few appointment
  slots were created for each 15 minute block of
  time that promised to get people through faster
  by flagging them to volunteers managing the
  control of traffic. This also allowed walk-ins
  to continue. Over time, the appointment system
  was increasingly integrated such that in Spring
  of 2007 appointments outnumbered walk-ins. As
  can be seen on the right, since the
  implementation of appointments goals have been
  either met or exceeded at all but one drive.
  Process Improvement Engineer Ryan Fergus with the
  Red Cross thinks that improved results are
  because it helps to shift the load of students
  around and inform them of what times are busiest,
  allowing a smoother flow for the entire drive.
  Processing times went from around 2 to 3 hours to
  almost universally an hour or under.

Table 1.0, Percentage of goal achieved during the
week of each drive. Red arrow shows where the
introduction of appointments was.
23
Double Red Cell Donations
Changing Practices
22

• A new technology that is currently being
  distributed and expanded is called Double Red
  Cell Donations. Janice Hardy explains that this
  is different from a standard donation, in that it
  collects only red blood cells and returns liquids
  such as plasma. Because a centrifuge is used to
  layer out the cells, the process takes longer
  than a standard donation (about 45 minutes to
  collect blood compared to the normal 15), however
  with the liquids being returned a donor is
  capable of donating more blood without feeling
  the typical side effects of dehydration.
  Typically the technicians are able to collect two
  units of blood from a single donor.
• The double red machines are bulky, but
  portable, and typically are set up at large blood
  drive. This is because if they are going to the
  time and effort of collecting more blood, they
  want to try and make sure it is O-type blood that
  can be universally accepted and as such is in
  higher demand. A larger donor base means that
  they have a better chance at selecting only
  O-type donors, and as such the Oregon State drive
  has been a prime target for implementation.
  Double red collections started at OSU in Spring
  of 2007 with four double red setups, and this
  past term regional records were set as six double
  red setups were brought to campus (the greater
  Portland area only has six setups total).

The impact of double red has yet to be
determined for donors on campus, as with double
the donation comes double the wait until the next
chance they can donate. With OSU drives being
spaced out so people can donate at each, this
means that enthusiastic donors that tend to bring
friends will have to skip out on the next drive.
Eligibility for Double Red, ARC
24
Greater Community
23

• Going into this project, one of the primary
  goals was to try and determine how the campus
  landscape working with the blood drive is
  effected by the greater Corvallis community.
  Douglas Tracy and Janice Hardy both gave their
  inputs, saying that essentially the OSU Drive is
  a closed system. Few donors from the OSU Drive
  donate at greater community drives, and few
  donors from the greater community want to
  challenge the students and parking hassles to
  come on campus. Tracy noted that previously the
  greater community had a larger impact through
  volunteering, as long time Red Cross volunteers
  would help run the drive. With the creation of
  the Blood Drive Association though, this task
  would be redundant. Furthermore, large events
  that typically bring in more donors (like 9/11)
  have had no apparent impact on campus. That fall
  in particular had a goal raised in expectation of
  the increased donors which never showed.

Why not a fixed site?
Another question that was brought up in terms
of the greater community was that with such high
donation numbers why doesnt the city of
Corvallis have a permanent location for
donations. Given that just the OSU Drive brings
in nearly 3,000 units a year, that would be the
potential of getting 250 units a month and nearly
8 units a day if a fixed site was set up on
campus. Douglas Tracy explained that while the
region was considering it, he shot the idea down.
That is because the OSU Drive is more of a
novelty like a circus. The blood drive comes to
town, sets up, and people only have to think
about it for a few days a term. This helps
prevent poster blindness and keeps an event feel
that brings people in with great numbers. It
also helps with sponsorship of the drive, as
groups and businesses would only have to promote
the drive for a short time.
25
Conclusion
24

• This project provided a wealth of information
  and perspectives that have provided much to think
  about when looking into the future. Most notable
  is that current trends havent been trends for
  very long, and factors such as appointments and
  the Civil War Blood Drive should definitely be
  kept while other factors such as double red
  donations and the hours of the drive needs to
  have an active eye to see where they go. Before
  this new millennium, it was a lot more difficult
  to predict how things would perform and when
  would work best. Certainly having a student
  voice has helped to provide direction that offer
  fellow students more options and give them the
  information they need to make the experience fast
  and efficient for both them and the staff.
• In terms of drive operation times, it appears
  that the current hours and days work best with
  student schedules in mind. However, that does
  not deny the fact that although a smaller donor
  base would exist before and after the existing
  drive hours, the donor potential still exists.
  Maintaining the size and scale of a drive this
  magnitude is hard to accomplish, so therefore it
  might be in the best interest of all parties to
  have reduced staffing hours with lower
  expectations at times before and after the drive,
  and potentially on Friday or the weekends as
  well. Appointments have shown that the load of
  students can be distributed, and that students
  are willing to adjust their schedule to purposely
  go to the blood drive instead of deciding the day
  of the event to attend. This is needed given
  that student schedules place highest load when
  classes get out.
• In terms of changing regulations and
  procedures, it seems that communication and
  education is the key needed to promote to the
  community. College is a time of learning and
  students need the collaborative learning and
  discussing, or else situations can occur like at

26
Conclusion
25

• Southern Oregon University. With the experience
  of Tattoos, stigmas can be hard to overcome as
  well without effective lines of communication to
  the general public. Having a student group can
  also be a way to get information sent through, as
  well as received from.
• From talking with various Red Cross personnel,
  it seems that the current system is very
  futurist in concept (a term Janice Hardy heard
  at a national convention). They are looking
  forward to how to achieve goals, without
  considering lessons from the past usually due to
  that data being considered irrelevant given new
  restrictions and processes. HIV/AIDS did have a
  large impact on how things were run, however
  there has been a rich twenty years of history
  since then that should not be ignored that
  portray the evolving systematic landscape we live
  in today.

27
Personal Communications
Citations
26

• Tour of the Portland NTL, National Testing Lab
  Staff. Portland NTL. Thursday, February 21st.
• Interview with Janice Hardy, Territory
  Representative for Corvallis/Albany. Salem Red
  Cross Blood Services Site. Monday, March 3rd
  2008.
• Interview with Douglas Tracy, Retired/ Former
  Territory Representative. McMinnamins at Monroe.
  Monday, March 10th 2008.
• RE Records Retrieval, Oregon State University
  (E-mail), Tim Lippert, Director of Donor
  Recruitment. Sent Monday, March 10th 2008.

Publications

• OSU to host blood drive, OSU News Service,
  November 1998. http//oregonstate.edu/dept/ncs/new
  sarch/1998/Nov98/bled.htm
• Meinig et al. The Interpretation of Ordinary
  Landscapes, Oxford University Press, 1979. Pg.
  37.
• Introduction National Testing Labs, American Red
  Cross. http//www.redcross.org/services/biomed/0,1
  082,0_494_,00.html
• The history of AIDs up to 1986, AVERT.
  http//www.avert.org/his81_86.htm
• Oregon blood drive canceled over ineligibility of
  gay men, The Associated Press, May 19th 2003.
  http//archives.seattletimes.nwsource.com/cgi-bin/
  texis.cgi/web/vortex/display?slugblooddrive19mda
  te20030519
• In-Depth Discussion of Creutzfeld-Jacob Disease
  (CJD) and Blood Donation, American Red Cross.
  http//www.redcross.org/services/biomed/blood/supp
  ly/CJDb.html

Photographs
Pg. 1, Blood Drive at OSU, ca 1952, OSU Archives.
http//osulibrary.oregonstate.edu/archives/exhibit
s/sampler/p17_1915.html Pg. 4, Hemosphere/ Mobile
Sched Data, Data collected by Janice Hardy Pg. 9,
BDA Logo, Scott Waggoner 2005 BDA, Photo taken
by Tim Lippert Pg. 11, Advertisements of past OSU
Blood Drives, Scans taken with permission by OSU
Archives Pg. 12, Blood Drive is in need of
Donors, The Daily Barometer http//media.barometer
.orst.edu/media/storage/paper854/news/2004/02/12/N
ews/Blood.Drive.In.Need.Of.Donors-2298808.shtml Pg
. 14, 2005 Civil War Blood Drive Logo, Provided
by the American Red Cross Pg. 17, Blood Products,
American Red Cross http//lewisandclark.redcross.o
rg/blood/aboutblood.htm Pg. 18, Posters for
Tattoo Education, Provided by the American Red
Cross Pg. 19, Can You Spare Some Blood?, The
Daily Barometer http//media.barometer.orst.edu/me
dia/storage/paper854/news/2002/02/14/News/Can-You.
Spare.Some.Blood-2297506.shtml Pg. 20, 2006
Summer Term Blood Drive, Scott Waggoner Pg. 22,
Double Red Eligibility, American Red Cross.
http//www.my-redcross.org/images/eligibilitychart
_000.jpg