Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

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Chapter 1

• Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

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Psychology

• Science of behavior and mental processes
• Goal is to describe, understand, predict and
  control behavior

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History of Psychology

• Began as a science in 1879
• Wundt (the father of psychology) built the
  first psychology lab
• Structuralism
• Functionalism
• Behaviorism
• Psychoanalytic
• Humanistic

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Scientific method

• Making observations
• Defining a problem
• Proposing a hypothesis
• Gathering evidence/testing the hypothesis
• Publishing the results
• Theory building

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Research Methods

• Naturalistic observation
• Correlational studies
• Experiment
• Case study
• Survey method

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Research Terms

• Independent variable altered by the
  experimenter
• Dependent variable reveals the effects of the
  independent variable
• Control group
• Placebo effect
• Experimenter effect

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Research Ethics

• Zimbardos prison study
• Milgrams obedience study

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