9th10th Grade

1
The Life and Diary of Anne Frank

• 9th/10th Grade
• Audrey MacDonald

2
Previous Knowledge

• On a sheet of paper, answer the following
  questions
• What do you know about World War II?
• Have you ever heard of ANNE FRANK?
• What do you know about her? Her time period?
• Why is she important?

3
Student Response

• Share your answers ?
• Lets learn more!

4
First

• In order to fully understand Anne Frank and her
  story, we must first learn about the time period
  that she lived in and the events that occurred
  before, during, and after her life and death.
• Please take notes during this presentation. You
  will turn them in and be able to use them on your
  final.
• Hint Look for throughout the slideshow
  ?
• Does anyone know what this symbol
  means???
• Lets find out.

5
Also

• You will be creating a timeline based on the
  dates/events found in this PowerPoint.
• Please take out a sheet of paper in order to keep
  track of important details and the time they
  occurred.

6
Background WWII Germany

• World War II 1937-1945
• Major conflict began with the German invasion of
  Poland (1939)
• Global involvement resulted opposing allies
  formed
• Deadliest conflict in history 60 million people
  were killed (mostly civilians)
• Most expensive war U.S. spent 1 trillion dollars
  
• First time females were given the same
  opportunities as male soldiers

7
Who was Adolf Hitler?

• Became the leader of Germany in 1933
• Termed Nazi Germany after
• Hitler began his reign
• Anti-Semitic (prejudice towards Jews)
• Totalitarian Dictatorship
• New national flag (1935) swastika
• Hitler salute
• The Great Hall (ambition)

8
Racial Hygiene

• Government selects the most physical,
• intellectual, and moral people to raise
• the next generation
• Manipulation of human evolution
• Hitlers plan
• Nordic race ideal human
• Blonde hair, blue eyes
• Strengthen the nation by eliminating threatening
  genes from the population
• Sterilized 400,000 people deemed unworthy of
  life
• Racially pure people encouraged to reproduce

9
Persecution Campaign

• Hitler wanted a cultural revolution
• Goal remove Jews from Germany
• 1941 Jews required to wear yellow badge live in
  ghetto
• Catholicism official religion
• Accused Jews of Jesus murder
• Undesirables minorities also targeted
• Homosexuals
• Political prisoners
• Disabled and mentally ill

10
Persecution continues

• Isolated from the public
• Legal, social, political rights restricted
• Excluded from schools lost jobs
• Businesses/property confiscated
• October 18, 1938 12,00 Jews ordered to leave
• One night to leave
• One suitcase
• Other belongings seized

11
Holocaust

• Means completely burnt
• Systematic eradication of the Jews
• 6 million Jews killed
• Final solution to the Jewish problem
• November 9, 1938 official beginning of Holocaust
• Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass)
• Anti-Jewish riots
• Social/political/economic ? beatings,
  incarceration, murder
• Property vandalized (1000 Synagogues)
• 1,2500,00 in damage

12
Concentration/Extermination Camps

• Major part of the Holocaust
• Concentration Camps (before 1942)
• Jews shipped from ghettos to camps by train
• Forced labor (extreme brutality)
• Extermination Camps (after 1942)
• Main purpose genocide/annihilation
• All ages killed
• Gas chambers
• Mass shootings
• Starvation
• Tortured
• Bodies cremated or buried in mass graves

13
Auschwitz

• Largest and most recognized extermination camp
• Included 3 main camps and 40 smaller camps
• 1.1-1.6 million prisoners killed here (90
  Jewish)
• Up to 20,000 people gassed and cremated each day

14
Auschwitz

• standing cells 4 people, no room to sit
• starvation cells no food or water
• dark cells suffocation
• Before prisoners killed and cremated, gold teeth
  removed/heads shaved/shoes removed/suitcases
  raided

15
The Angel of Death

• Dr. Joseph Mengele
• Camp doctor
• Decided who was killed
• Medical experiments no anesthetics
• Particular interest in twins
• Introduced himself as Uncle Mengele
• Fed children sweets
• Victims better fed, better housed, and safe from
  the gas chamber

16
The End of Auschwitz

• 700 escape attempts only 300 successful
• Death March took place in the winter of
  1944-1945
• Nazis didnt want the world to know about
  Auschwitz (and other camps)
• Camp abandoned
• Evidence destroyed
• Marched tens of miles from camp into Germany
• Snow
• Loaded on freight trains designed for cattle
• No food, no water
• Auschwitz liberated on January 27, 1945
• 7,000 prisoners who remained were set free

17
Nuremberg Trials

• Series of trials designed to persecute notable
  leaders of the Nazi party
• 1945-1949
• Tried for
• War crimes
• Crimes against humanity
• Crimes against peace
• Mengele on the list
• Ran for 34 years and was never captured

18
End of the War End of Hitler

• Died April 30, 1945
• Suicide poison and gunshot to the head
• Suffered from paranoia/
• nervous breakdown prior to suicide
• Married 40 hours before death

19
Break

• Lets recap some of the things we have seen so
  far
• What have you learned that you didnt know
  before?
• Did you find anything youve learned to be
  shocking?
• What do you still want to know?
• Nowon to Anne Frank ?

20
Introduction Anne Frank

• Anneliese Marie Born June 12, 1929
• Mom Edith
• Dad Otto
• Sister Margot
• Otto had library encouraged
• girls to read
• Moved from
• Germany to Amsterdam after
• Hitler took reign

21
Anne Frank

• Anne attended public school until forced to
  attend an all-Jewish school (1940)
• Received a diary on her 13th birthday (1942)
• Wrote about typical teenage life
• Chronicled changes that took place (oppression,
  etc)
• July 1942 Margot received an order to be sent to
  a work camp
• Otto came up with a plan to put family in hiding
• Above his business
• Left a note indicating the family had left for
  Switzerland

22
Family in Hiding

• Hiding place The Secret Annex
• Entrance hidden by bookcase
• Miep employee
• Knew of their hiding place
• Only contact to outside world
• Brought supplies
• Informed them of news
• If found helping Jews death penalty

23
Hiding Continues

• Joined by others the van Pels family and Mr.
  Pfeffer
• 8 people hid for over 700 days

24
The Diary of Anne Frank

• Wrote in diary while in hiding
• Narrative wrote regularly
• Depicted events happening in the Annex
• Wrote on events outside of hiding
• Wrote of feelings, beliefs, ambitions
• Wrote of things she couldnt discuss with anyone
• Described relationships with other people in
  hiding
• Became more mature in her writing as time
  progressed
• Annes final diary entry August 1, 1944

25
Anne Discovered

• August 4, 1944
• German police seized the Annex anonymous tip
• Interrogated held overnight
• Transferred to a prison
• Sentenced to hard labor
• September 3, 1944
• Sent to Auschwitz men and women separated
• Children under 15 gassed immediately upon arrival
• Women used for slave labor held in freezing
  quarters at night

26
Anne's Fate

• Anne
• Stripped naked head shaved tattooed with ID
  number
• Skin became badly infected
• Separated from mother transferred with Margot to
  another camp
• March 1945
• Anne dies of typhus
• Margot died earlier of illness

27
Anne Memorialized

• Otto survived concentration camp
• Miep recovered Annes diary returned it to Otto
• Knew Anne had aspired to be an author
• Published her diary (1947)
• Pseudonyms used for members in hiding
• Van Daans (instead of van Pels)
• 1952 first copy published in the U.S.
• Anne Frank The Diary of a Young Girl
• Plays and movies to follow
• Book included in many school curriculums

28
The Diary
29
Importance

• Eleanor Roosevelt
• one of the wisest and most moving commentaries
  on war and its impact on human beings that I have
  ever read
• Anne seen as a Holocaust symbol
• Miep
• Anne's life and death were her own individual
  fate, an individual fate that happened six
  million times over. Anne cannot, and should not,
  stand for the many individuals whom the Nazis
  robbed of their lives... But her fate helps us
  grasp the immense loss the world suffered because
  of the Holocaust

30
Legacy

• 1957 Otto founded the Anne Frank Foundation
• 1960 Anne Frank house open to the public
• United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (D.C.)
• Book translated into 63 languages
• Published in 60 countries
• 25 million copies have been sold

31
Guess what??

• Now you have the opportunity to read
• The Diary of Anne Frank! ?
• This is an important piece of literature that
  tells us something about our history through the
  words of a girl who only lived to be about your
  age

32
Focus Audience

• This PowerPoint presentation is intended for
  students in grades 9 or 10, but can be formatted
  to accommodate older students as well (not
  recommended for younger audiences mature
  content, graphic pictures/video)
• It is to be used as an introduction to the novel
  The Diary of Anne Frank
• Both Language Arts and History have been
  integrated to form this slideshow

33
Objectives

• Throughout this presentation,
• Students will take notes.
• Students will create a timeline of events from
  the information found in this presentation.
• Students will develop knowledge about World War
  II.
• Students will learn details surrounding Nazi
  Germany and Hitlers involvement.
• Students will be introduced to the concept of
  concentration camps and the atrocities found in
  them.
• Students will learn about the life of Anne Frank
  and the importance of her diaryboth as a piece
  of literature and as an important piece of
  historical documentation.

34
Assessment

• Students will be expected to take notes
  throughout the entire presentation. These notes
  will be handed in.
• Students will also turn in their responses to the
  questions they answered on slide 1 (not everyone
  will share their answers out loud) to survey
  previous knowledge of the class to direct the
  next lesson.
• Students will create a timeline with dates found
  in this PowerPoint on their own sheet of paper.
• Students will be assessed through a
  vocabulary/content quiz (important vocabulary
  words/content are starred throughout the
  presentation).
• Students will also be tested over this material
  after completion of the novel through an
  evaluation of their choice (test, paper, project,
  etc.)

35
Resources

• Holocaust museum http//www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/
• Teaching about the Holocaust http//www.ushmm.org
  /education/foreducators/guidelines/
• Misc. Holocaust information www.wikipedia.com
• Holocaust Memorial Center http//www.holocaustcen
  ter.org/index.php?optioncom_contenttaskblogcate
  goryid13Itemid10005
• The Anne Frank Diary http//www.solarnavigator.ne
  t/history/anne_franks_diary.htm

36
Resources

• Holocaust Activities/Questions for students
  http//library.thinkquest.org/04apr/00065/holocaus
  tmenu.htm
• Anne Frank Pictures http//www.neev.in/anne_frank
  _story.htm
• Annex Pictures http//www.thehindubusinessline.co
  m/life/2007/07/06/stories/2007070650040200.htm
• Anne Frank Classroom Guide http//www.annefrankgu
  ide.net/en-GB/bronnenbank.asp