Feedlot management and Nutrition

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Feedlot management and Nutrition

• Objective when cattle reach the feedlot need to
  achieve the most rapid gain possible
• High capital investment time is money so must
  maximize gain

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What can go wrong in the feedlot

• ACIDOSIS
• BLOAT
• AIP
• PERITONITIS
• FAST PNEUMONIA
• BLACKLEG

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Feedlot Energy

• Most of what can go wrong in the feedlot
  (previous slides) has to do with energy
  management
• Energy is usually what limits gain in finishing
  diet
• Want to maximize energy and not get digestive
  problems

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Feedlot Energy type of forage/roughage

• Set a minimum energy level (.62 Mcal of NEg and
  .92 Mcal of NEm per lb)
• Set a minimum level of roughage (6 to 12)
• Set a minimum level of NDF (gt15)
• Around 18-19 - depends on your bunk management

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Feedlot Energy type of forage/roughage

• Evaluate fiber from byproducts and from barley
• Having fiber isnt enough must have effective
  fiber
• Dairy ration formulations require ¾ of the fiber
  requirement come from forage not a bad rule!
• Have we gone too far in packing energy into
  feedlot rations?
• We have robbed the immune system to feed the
  animal to a more efficient state.
• Find what works and does not produce acidosis
  get the cattle on a tight rope and keep them
  balanced

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Feedlot Energy type of forage/roughage

• Forage quality is not an issue very little fiber
  digestion on finishing diets
• Feeder quality alfalfa rather than premium
  quality
• Why not straw??
• Silages and haylages are very popular at feedlots
• What about effective fiber?

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Feedlot Energy ingredients

• Abundant choices in the PNW want to manage for
• Fermentability (grain type and processing)
• Moisture content (like to have minimum of 45 to
  50 DM)
• Fat content (6)
• Management of energy ingredients is essential for
  staying out of digestives problems

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Feedlot Acidosis and other digestives

• Acute
• Laminitis, founder
• Hopelessly off-feed
• Sell immediately
• Chronic or subacute
• A little off feed, poor doers

• Long term effect
• Rumenitis more problems as we have longer fed
  cattle calf-feds, Holsteins, Japanese
• Probably bigger problem in the PNW with barley,
  wheat and potato feeding
• Best symptom is liver abscesses!

Its all about bunk management!!
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The 5 Rs of Feedbunk ManagementDr. Abe Turgeon,
Koers and Turgeon Consulting

• Right feed
• Right pen
• Right amount
• Right time
• Right way

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Liver Abscess Classification
A -
O
A
A
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ELANCO ANIMAL HEALTH LIVER ABSCESS SLAUGHTER CHECK

• 1999 Slaughter Checks
• 17,303 total lots 2 million head
• 1,100,000 steers
• 700,000 heifers
• 60,000 Holsteins
• 160,000 mixed sex lots

sbl 00
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A Liver Abscesses, 1990 to 1999
sbl 00
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Total Abscesses by Month, 1990 - 1999Tylan Fed
Steers, All Districts
sbl 00
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Total Liver Abscesses, 1999
sbl 00
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EFFECT OF RUMENSIN PLUS TYLAN ON LIVER ABSCESS
INCIDENCE
CONTROL
RUMENSIN TYLAN
NO. HEAD
976
1937
A-
7.7
5.4
A
8.4a
3.5b
A
20.1a
3.5b
TOTAL
36.2a
12.4b
LAUDERT, 1990, 4 TRIAL SUMMARY ab(Plt.02)
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Feedlot Management of disorders

• Step-up diets
• Usually three steps then the final ration
• Manage DM intake as well as level of grain
• Pay attention!

• Manage feed intake and bunk management
• Fermentability of carbohydrate feeds
• Limit intake programs
• Program feeding