Nomenclature

1
Nomenclature

• Naming
• Compounds

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Binary Compounds
3

• Compounds with only two elements in any ratio

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KCl NO2 CaCl2 P2O5 Al2O3 H2S Na2O etc
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• Binary compounds can be either ionic or covalent

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Naming Binary Compounds
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Naming Ionic Compounds
8

• Name positive element first with its normal name
• Name negative element last change its ending to
  -ide

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KClCaCl2Al2O3 Na2O
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Name Each

• CaCl2 CaS
• K2O LiF

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Name Each
FeCl2 FeCl3
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If the Positive element is not from columns I or
II

• its ox must be determined and written in roman
  numerals

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Determining the Charge

1. Add up the oxidation numbers of all the negative
   elements
2. The positive portion must balance out the
   negative portion
3. Divide the positive portion by the metal subscript

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Name Each
CuCl Fe2O3MnO2 CrO3
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Molecule
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• A covalent compound that can exist as a separate
  unit
• Non-metals bond to form molecules

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Naming Molecules or Covalent Compounds
18

• Same rules as ionic compounds except
• use geometric prefixes to determine the of each
  atom

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Geometric Prefixes

• 1-mono 5-penta
• 2-di 6-hexa
• 3-tri 7-hepta
• 4-tetra etc

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Name Each
CO S2O3N2H4 SO3
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Drill Name Each
CaO P2O5Al2S3 SO2
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Deriving Formulas

1. Write the symbol for each element
2. Determine ox s for each
3. Determine lowest common multiple to balance the
   charge
4. Apply subscripts

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Write formulas for

• Sodium sulfide
• Lead (II) iodide
• Diphosphorus
• pentoxide

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Write formulas for

• Chromium(III) oxide
• Aluminum carbide

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Polyatomic Ion
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• A group of atoms chemically combined that
  together have a charge

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• Most are oxoanions
• PO4-3 SO4-2
• A root element bound to oxygen

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Drill Name each

• CuCl2 KBr
• PCl5 MgO
• Mn2O7 S2O3

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Naming Polyatomic Ions
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• Name the root element
• Change the ending
• to -ate
• PO4-3 phosphate
• Some are unusual

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CN-1 OH-1 C2H3O2-1C2O4-2
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H2O H3O1NH3 NH41
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Polyatomic Ion Endings

• Maximum O -ate
• 1 less than max O -ite
• SO4-2 sulfate
• SO3-2 sulfite

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Naming Ternary Compounds
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Ternary Compounds

• Compounds containing more than two different
  elements
• Most contain polyatomic ions

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• Follow ionic rules for naming the compound
• Name the polyatomic ion as the positive or
  negative portion

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Name Each
CaCO3K2SO4
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Drill Name
Pb(NO3)2 MgSO3
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Write Formulas For

• Lead (II) nitrate
• Aluminum sulfate
• Potassium chlorate
• Ammonium phosphite

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Name the Following

• BaSO4 CuNO3
• SO2 (NH4)3PO4

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Naming Acids
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• Binary acids become
• Hydro _____ ic acids
• HCl - Hydrochloric acid

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• Ternary acids become
• _____ ic acids or
• _____ ous acids
• H2SO4 - Sulfuric acid
• H2SO3 - Sulfurous acid

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• ____ ic acids form from polyatomic ions ending
  with ___ ate
• ____ ous acids form from polyatomic ions ending
  with ___ ite

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• ___ ide ions become
• hydro ___ ic acids
• ___ ate ions become
• ___ ic acids
• ___ ite ions become
• ___ ous acids

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Name or Give Formulas For

• HBr(aq) H2SO4(aq)
• NaVO3 (NH4)3PO3
• Phosphoric acid
• Nitric acid
• Chloric acid

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Drill Name each

• KBr MgS
• BaF2 K3P
• K2O LiH
• Al2O3 H2S

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Derive formulas for each

• Cesium oxide
• Barium chloride
• Calcium phosphide
• Aluminum sulfide

49
Name each of the following

• SeO CS2
• NO2 Cl2O
• N2O4 PCl3

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Derive formulas for each

• Silicon dioxide
• phosphorus trichloride
• Sulfur hexafluoride
• Iodine trifluoride

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Name each of the following

• SO4-2 SO3-2
• PO4-3 NO3-1
• ClO4-1 ClO3-1
• ClO2-1 ClO-1

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Derive formulas for each
Chromate Sulfate Arsenate Nitrate Arsenite Cy
anide Bromite Acetate
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Name each of the following
HCl H2SO4 H2S H3PO3 HNO3 HBrO H2CO3 HBrO4
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Derive formulas for each

• Chromic acid
• Hydroiodic acid
• Sulfurous acid
• Bromic acid

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Name each of the following

• CuO MnS
• PbO2 Cu2O
• CrCl2 MnF2
• CrCl3 SnCl4

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Percent Compositionby Mass
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• Determine the atomic mass of each element in the
  compound
• Determine the molecular mass of the compound by
  adding
• Divide each elemental mass by molecular mass
• Multiply by 100

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MgCl2

• Mg 24.3 g/mole
• 2 Cl 2 x 35.5 71.0 g/mole
• MgCl2 total 95.3 g/mole
• Mg 24.3/95.3 x 100
• Cl 71.0/95.3 x 100

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Determine Comp for Each

• Fe2O3
• C3H6O3
• CuSO45H2O

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Drill Determine Comp for Each
C3H6O3 CuSO45H2O
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Name each of the following
FeO Fe2O3
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Derive formulas for each

• Lead(IV)oxide
• Copper(II)sulfide
• Manganese(VII)oxide
• Nickel(II)fluoride

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Name each of the following

• BaCO3
• KNO2
• CuClO3
• Al2(SO4)3

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Derive formulas for each

• Potassium sulfate
• Lead(II)chromate
• Aluminum hydroxide
• Ammonium cyanide

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Name each of the following

• Cl2O SO2
• N2O3 P2O5
• CO2 CO
• SO3 N2H4

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Name each of the following
NH4Cl BaSO4 KC2H3O2 K2HPO3 KNO3 CuBrO Li2CO3
MgC2O4
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Name each of the following
KCl MnSO4 SO2 HI(aq) NaNO3 HClO H2CO3(aq)
NH4BrO4
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Name each of the following
NaCl MnSO4 S2O3 HBr(aq) Na2CO3
HClO HNO3(aq) NH4IO4