How We Live

1
How We Live

• Changes in Technology since 1960

2
Types of Technological Change

• Examples of Improvements in Existing Technologies
• Black White TV to Color TV
• Faster, more efficient, safer cars better roads
  (completion of Interstate Highway System)
• New Products
• Microwave oven Walkman VCR, DVD player cell
  phone microcomputer jet plane xerox machine

3
Types of Technological Change

• Which may also be innovations made by
  combinations of new and existing technologies
• Air conditioning
• Cable TV
• Cell phones
• ..

4
Locus of Change

• Business and Industry
• Computers
• Xerox Machines
• Air Travel
• Air conditioning
• Home and Consumer products
• Microwave oven, cell phone, microcomputer, VCR,
  Walkman, air conditioning

5
International Jet Air Travel

• International Commercial Jet Travel, 1956-59
• Pan Am to London British Air Aeroflot

6
Domestic Jet Air Travel

• Soon followed by domestic intercontinental air
  travel (1959)
• Deregulated, 1978 prices drop 10-20

7
Plain Paper Copier, 1959 Xerox 914
8
Cellular Phones

• 1983 to 2006

9
Microwave Oven 1970s

• Along with the dishwasher and clothes drier, a
  new addition to the American home of the 1970s

10
Air Conditioning Heating to HVAC
1970s room air conditioner
Central air conditioner unit
11
Entertainment Innovations Analog
1970s Video Cassette Recorder
1979 Walkman
12
Digital Computers

• Eniac (WWII) to UNIVAC (1950)

UNIVAC
13
More UNIVAC
14
Processing the 1950 Census UNIVAC
15
ILLIAC U. of Ill. Computer
16
IBM Mainframe, 1960s-1970s
17
Keypunch Machine
18
Hal 2001, A Space Odyssey, 1968
19
Altair Personal Computer
20
Apple II
21
Kaypro Early 1980s PC
22
IBM Personal Computer
23
The PC developed

• Apple Macintosh and the Mouse and GUI Graphical
  User Interface
• IBM contracted with Bill Gates to program DOS for
  the IBC PC, and then Windows for the IBM PC

24
The Internet

• 1950s-1960s National Science Foundation and
  Defense Department created ARPA, Advanced
  Research Projects Agency, or DARPA for scientists
  to share information and research
• 1980s DARPANET expanded
• 1980s proposals for new interface

25
The World Wide Web early 1990s

• A new conception of distributed computing
• Chips get faster
• Networks develop
• The GUI becomes standard
• Intensification of Digital Information Systems to
  image, video, audio, and the creation of content
  for the Web
• Yahoo, Google and organizing the web

26
Implications of Change

• Lessened the natural advantages of old industrial
  centers of the US air conditioning air travel
• Intensified the networking of the home and
  reliance on electricity grid
• Intensified the importance of energy networking
  of the home and oil and gas dependence
• Strengthened the shift in work from blue collar
  to white collar (Improved womens work
  prospects?)

27
Implications.

• Redefined entertainment
• Intensified globalization of communication and
  industry