Study of the OZI rule violation at PANDA

1
Study of the OZI rule violation at PANDA

• M.G. Sapozhnikov
• Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna
• Study of the LEAR unsolved puzzles
• Annihilation into ??, ??, ??, f2(1525)?, ??
• Pontecorvo reactions ?pd??n, K?-, K0 ?
• Search for effects of nucleon polarized
  strangeness

2
Emerging Consensus on Nucleon Spin Decomposition?

• Small quark contribution to nucleon spin
• COMPASS
• HERMES
• Net negative polarization of strange quarks
• COMPASS
• HERMES
• Gluon polarization small, probably positive?

J.Ellis, SPIN-06
3
Questions for the Future

• Direct confirmation that ?s lt 0?
• Is ?G a large fraction of the nucleon spin?
• How large are the orbital angular momentum
  components?
• Connections with other spin-dependent
  observables?
• Proton-antiproton annihilation
• ? polarization

J.Ellis, SPIN-06
4
If ?s ?0 .

• Some particular choice of qqq ?ss configuration
• Spin dependence of the strange particle cross
  sections
• (Anomalously) high yield of strange particle
• ----------------------------------------
• Spin dependence of ?, f2(1525), K production
  was seen in ?pp annihilation at rest
• (Anomalously) high yield of ?, f2(1525) was
  seen in ?pp annihilation at rest

What will be the situation at PANDA energies?
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The OZI rule

• Okubo production of s?s states in the
  non-strange hadrons interactions is forbidden
• ? - production in p?p (pp) interaction is
  possible either due to admixture of light quarks
  in the ? wave function or due to strange quarks
  admixture in the nucleon.

? ?-?i 3.70
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The OZI rule predictions

• Universal, does not depend on energy or other
  properties of the initial state.
• Depends on the masses of the meson in the nonet

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Comparison with experiment

• R(?/?)tg2(?-?I)4.2 10-3

• Weighted average of all experimental data
• ?N
• R(?/?)(3.30?0.34)10-3
• NN
• R(?/?)(12.78?0.34)10-3
• ?NN
• R(?/?)(14.55?1.92)10-3

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The OZI rule is always correct, its violation
is only apparent

• It indicates on non-trivial physics
• Strange degrees of freedom in the nucleon
• Role of gluon degrees of freedom

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?????

• Crystal Barrel, 1995, LQ hydrogen target
• ?p p ? ? ?
• ?p p ? ? ?
• R(???) (294?97) ? 10-3
• R(???)OZI 4.2 ? 10-3
• L0, S0 ? 1S0 spin singlet

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?????

• OBELIX, 1995, LQ, NTP, 5 mb
• ?p p ? ? ?
• ?p p ? ? ?
• R(???) (114?10) ? 10-3
• R(???)OZI 4.2 ? 10-3
• L0, S1 ? 3S1
• spin triplet

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?????-2

• Different situation for annihilation from S- and
  P-waves
• R(???) (120?12) ? 10-3 ? 3S1
• R(???) lt 7.2? 10-3 ? 1 P1
• spin triplet enhanced
• spin singlet suppressed

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f2(1525)?/
f2(1270)?

• Tensor mesons
• L1, S1, J2
• f2(1270) ? normal q?q
• f2 (1525) ? s?s
• R(f2?f2) (47?14) ? 10-3 ? 3S1
• R(f2?f2) (149?20) ? 10-3 ? 1 P1
• spin triplet suppressed
• spin singlet enhanced

13
???????

• OBELIX, 1995, NTP, 5 mb
• ?p p ? ? ? ?-
• ?p p ? ? ? ?-
• For all events
• R(???) (5-6) ? 10-3
• R(???)OZI 4.2 ? 10-3
• For events with
• M??300-500 MeV
• R(???) (16-30) ? 10-3

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?n??n

• OBELIX, Crystal Barrel
• ?p d ? ? n
• ?p d ? ? n
• B.Pontecorvo, 1956
• One-meson annihilation
• R(???) (156?29) ? 10-3
• R(???)OZI 4.2 ? 10-3

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??/??

• If it were a normal quark reaction
• ?(??)exp 4 ?b
• why is it so large?
• ?(??) was not measured

?s
p
s
?p
?s
s
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At LEAR experiments

• Strong violation of the OZI rule was found in
• ?pp???
• ?pp???,
• ?pp??? (3S1)
• ?pd??n
• Does it depend on
• spin
• orbital angular momentum
• momentum transfer
• isospin?

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• Just-so model (?pp ? KK ???0 )
• (M.P.Locher, B.S.Zou et al.)
• Nucleon intrinsic polarised strangeness
• (J.Ellis, M.Karliner, D.Kharzeev. M.S., et al)
• Resonances in ??, ??
• (L.G.Landsberg)
• Gluonic degrees of freedom
• Instantons (N.Kochelev)
• Tensor glueball (S.Lindenbaum)

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The ?? resonance(s)

• I1
• C(1480) - Lepton-F
• m1480?40 MeV, ?130?60 MeV
• BR(C ? ??)/ BR(C ? ??) gt 0.5
• CB, OX no signal
• E852 no signal
• 10-6 level of cross section is needed(?)

Mass region Mgt1.7 GeV is completely unexplored
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?pp ? KK ???0

• OZI-violated process
• 2 OZI allowed
• processes
• Why is OZI so small?
• Cancellation from all (10000 (!)) intermediate
  states
• (P.Geiger, N.Isgur, H.Lipkin)
• Why is KK so peculiar?

?
K
?p
K-
K
p
?
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Dynamical selection rules in strange particles
production

• Just-so model (?pp ? KK ???0 )
• N.Semprini et al, coupled channel analysis of the
  OBELIX data on
• 3S1
• 1P1

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• negative polarization of strange quarks
• ?s s in nucleon - 0, not as ?
• strangeonia production via rearrangement
• both nucleons participated
• From spin triplet initial states
• L0 - ?
• L1 f2(1525)
• No additional ? from spin singlets

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Polarized strangeness for PANDA-1

• ?pp???
• Initial state spin singlet 1S0
• ?pp???
• PSM prediction
• ?pp??? from P-wave, predicted to be high
• R(??/??) 0.3-0.5
• RM R(??/??) 10-3
• RS follow KK

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Polarized strangeness for PANDA-2

• Predictions
• PSM
• R(??/??) 10-3
• RM R(??/??) 10-3
• RS follow KK
• Does the dynamical selection rule for KK still
  exist at PANDA energy?
• Does the R(??/??) depend on momentum transfer?

• ?pp???
• R(???) (114?10) ? 10-3
• L0, S1 ? 3S1
• spin triplet

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Polarized strangeness for PANDA-3

• ?pp???
• R(??/??) (4.6?1.3) 10-3
• B.R.(??, 1P1) 10 B.R.(??, 3S1)
• OBELIX, A.Alberico et al., Phys.Lett. B432 (1998)
  427
• PSM?pp??? at rest from P-wave 10 times
  increasng.
• At high energies
• R(??/??) 10-3, but at S-wave - R(??/??) 0.1
• RS R(??/??) 10-3,

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Polarized strangeness for PANDA-4

• PSM prediction pp?f2? from P-wave should be
  high
• OZI- rule R(f2? / f2? ) (3-16) 10-3
• OBELIX, at rest, ?pp?K K- ?0
• R(f2? / f2? ) (149?20) 10-3 P-wave
• CB, at rest, 900 MeV/c
• R(f2? / f2? ) (130?50) 10-3
• OBELIX, at rest, coupled channels analysis
• R(f2? / f2? ) (51?20) 10-3 3P2 wave
• RS no enhancement
• RM no enhancement

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Polarized strangeness for PANDA-5

• ?pd??n highest momentum transfer in ?
  production in ?pp or ?pd.
• R(?n/?n) (156?29) 10-3
• How will it change with energy?
• Two-step model pd??n ? 1) ?pp ??? 2) ?N ? N
• R(?n/?n) - decreases with energy
• Is it the correct model?
• ?pd ?K?- , K0 ?
• R(K?- / K0 ? )0.92?0.15 (exp)
• 0.012 (theory)

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Polarized strangeness for PANDA-6

• Is there opulent production of 0 ?s s- meson?
• f0(1710) -??
• Study the ? ? /? ? channels

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Search for tensor glueball

• A.Etkin et al., Phys.Rev.Lett. 49 (1982) 1620
• ?- p ? ? ? n, 22 GeV/c , 100 events
• Barberis D. et al.,Phys.Lett., B432(1998) 436.
• pp ? pf ? ? ps , 450 GeV/c , 400 events
• PDG
• f2(2010) , ?202 ?60 MeV
• f2(2300) , ?149 ?40 MeV
• f2(2340) , ?319 ?80 MeV
• Lattice calculations mg (2) 2232?220 MeV
• C. Michael, hep-ph/0009115, 2000.

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• ?pp ? ? ?
• JETSET (PS 202)
• Non-magnetic spectrometer,
• 11 400 events
• ? ? is definitely different from ? KK or 4K
• Main contributions
• JP 2, L(??)2, S(??)2
• JP 2, L(??)0, S(??)2
• JP 2, L(??)2, S(??)0 (resonance-like,
  m2231?2 MeV, ?70?10 MeV)
• A.Palano, Workshop on Hadron Spectroscopy,
  Frascati, 1999, p.363

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?pp ? ? ? at PANDA

• ?rec ? 0.24
• ?.G.Zorin

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?pp ? ? ? at PANDA

• Luminosity of HESR L 2 ? 1032 cm-2 s-1
• Cross section ? 4 ?b at 1.4 GeV/c
• BR of charged mode ?0.25
• Registration efficiency ? 0.01
• N L ? ? ? 2 ?1032 ? 4 ?10-30 ?0.25 ? 0.01 2
  s-1
• Best world statistics 1.5 hours
• ?pp ? ? ? (K K, ??) must be measured

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P1.5 GeV/c
P1 GeV/c
33
Conclusions

• Effects of nucleon polarized strangeness
• ?pp???, ??, ??, f2(1525)? , f0(1700)
• Pontecorvo reactions
• ?pd??n, K?- , K0 ?
• Search for ?? -resonances with Mgt1.7 GeV
• Dynamical selection rules in strange particles
  production KK
• Search for the tensor glueball
• ?pp???, ? ? , K K, ??

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Backup slides
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M.Stratmann, SPIN-08
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Is the nucleon strangeness polarized?

• Earlier HERMES conclusions of
• unpolarized strange sea confirmed
• factor 2 smaller error bars

• Errors very sensitive to FF input

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OZI-violation in pp interaction
ppgppf F. Balestra et al., Phys. Rev. C63(2001)
024004
Rs(pn) Rt(pp)
ppgppw F.Hibou et al.,Phys. Rev. Lett.
83,(1999)492 S.Abd El-Samad et al.,Phys Lett.
B522,(2001)16
pngdf S. Barsov et al., Eur. Phys. J. A21, 521
(2004)
Y.Maeda, SPIN-06