Integrated WindHydrogen Systems for Wind Parks

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Integrated Wind-Hydrogen Systems for Wind Parks

• E. Varkaraki, N. Lymberopoulos, E. Zoulias, E.
  Kalyvas , C. Christodoulou, P. Vionis, P.
  Chaviaropoulos

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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION

• System description
• Hydrogen generation section
• Hydrogen compressor Filling station
• Metal hydride tanks
• Auxiliaries
• Power and Control
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusions

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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

• 500 kW gearless, synchronous, multipole Enercon
  E-40
• 25 kW alkaline electrolyser, 5 Nm3/h H2 at 20
  bar
• One-stage hydrogen compressor up to 220 bar
• Filling station for high pressure cylinders, 120
  Nm3 H2
• Metal hydride tanks, 42 Nm3 H2
• Water chiller and closed cooling circuit
• Instrument air compressor
• Power board
• Control and monitoring section based on PLC
• Developed in the frame of the EU project RES2H2
  (FP5)

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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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HYDROGEN GENERATION SECTION
Casale Chemicals SA, Switzerland Alkaline
electrolyser 25 kW Power operating range
20-100 DC operation 0 - 300 A, 0 - 120 V H2
production 0.45 kg/h (5 Nm3/h) H2 purity
99.98v. (after purification) Demineralised water
consumption 4.1 l/h Electrolyte KOH solution
30w.
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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HYDROGEN COMPRESSOR FILLING STATION
PDC Machines Inc., USA Single-stage hydrogen
compressor Triple metal diaphragm Inlet pressure
10 18 bar Inlet temperature 30 - 40?C Outlet
pressure 220 bar 5 Nm3/h at 14bar/40?C
inlet Buffer 360 L volume Filling station 10.7
kg H2 (120 Nm3)
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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METAL HYDRIDE TANKS
FIT, Cyprus Labtech SA, Bulgaria 6 Metal
Hydride tanks Metal alloy La0.75Ce0.25Ni5 Total
hydrogen capacity 3.78 kg H2 (42 Nm3) Total
weight 564 kg Mass specific H2 capacity 1.28
w (alloy) 0.66 w (MHT) Hot water boiler 4 kW
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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AUXILIARIES
WATER CHILLER Cooling water in closed
circuit Mean electrical power requirement 1.5
kW INSTRUMENT AIR COMPRESSOR Pneumatic valve
actuation Mean electrical power requirement 0.2
kW NITROGEN Inertisation of electrolyser and
hydrogen circuit
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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POWER and CONTROL
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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RESULTS and DISCUSSION
Electrolyser operation 29.12.05
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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RESULTS and DISCUSSION
Electrolyser operation DC current measurement, 1
kHz DC current applied 120 A AC/DC conversion
efficiency 85-90 at full power 70-75 at 20 of
full capacity
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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RESULTS and DISCUSSION
Electrolyser operation Variable power input
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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RESULTS and DISCUSSION
Electrolyser operation Protective
polarisation Mean values DC current 2.5 A DC
voltage 61 V DC power 0.15 kW AC power 0.35
kW

• Protective polarisation applied for 27 weeks
  consumes 1.6 MWh
• NO protective polarisation thanks to activated
  electrodes!

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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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RESULTS and DISCUSSION
Electrolyser operation Stack efficiency 70-80
(HHV) AC power efficiency 55-65 (HHV)
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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RESULTS and DISCUSSION
Electrolyser operation filling the buffer At
130 start compressor filling one HP
cylinder Overall electrical efficiency from AC
power to compressed H2 50 (HHV)
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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RESULTS and DISCUSSION
Metal Hydride Tanks operation Preheating
phase Winter conditions 4 kW boiler operating 2
hours P mht 18 bar
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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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RESULTS and DISCUSSION

• Several lessons learned from the realisation of
  the plant until now
• Interfacing of the various units is key, in
  relation to hydrogen flow, electricity
• and information flow
• - Minimisation of buffer tank volume
• - Transportation and installation issues in
  remote areas with poor access
• - PLC based control system is safer but less
  flexible than PC based
• Protection of hardware from natures elements,
  theft and even wild animals
• Special care for the integration of auxiliaries,
  vital for safe operation

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INTEGRATED WIND-HYDROGEN SYSTEMS FOR WIND PARKS
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CONCLUSIONS

• The wind-hydrogen system installed at the wind
  park of CRES operates well
• System efficiency from AC power to compressed
  hydrogen fuel 50 (HHV)
• Important margins for efficiency increase
• power electronics of the electrolyser
• wind turbine electrolyser interface

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THANK YOUFOR YOUR ATTENTION!