A Comparison of American and Japanese Styles of Management

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A Comparison of American and Japanese Styles of
Management

• Masaaki Livai
• in
• Total Quality Handbook, 1990
• by G. Dixon and J. Swiler

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Figure 1.6 Hierarchy of KAIZEN involvement
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Figure 1.1 The KAIZEN umbrella

• Customer orientation
• TQC (total quality control)
• Robotics
• QC circles
• Suggestion system
• Automation
• Discipline in the workplace
• TPM (total productive maintenance)

• Kamban
• Quality improvement
• Just-in-time
• Zero defects
• Small-group activities
• Cooperative labor-management relations
• Productivity improvement
• New-product development

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Innovation
5
Innovation
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Figure 1.7 Deming Wheel
Design
Production
Research
Sales
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Figure 2.1 Features of KAIZEN and Innovation
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Time
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What should be (standard)
Maintenance
What should be (standard)
What actually is
Maintenance
Innovation
What actually is
New standard
KAIZEN
Innovation
New standard
KAIZEN
Innovation
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Figure 2.6 Total manufacturing chain
Science
Technology
Design
Production
Market
Innovation
KAIZEN
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Figure 2.7 Another comparison of Innovation and
KAIZEN
Innovation
KAIZEN
Creativity Individualism Specialist-oriented Atten
tion to great leaps Technology-oriented Informatio
n closed, proprietary Functional (specialist)
orientation Seek new technology Line
staff Limited feedback
Adaptability Teamwork (systems approach) Generalis
t-oriented Attention to details people-oriented In
formation open, shared Cross-functional
orientation Build on existing technology Cross-fun
ctional organization Comprehensive feedback
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Figure 2.8 Western and Japanese product
perceptions
Preferred Process
Technology Level
Product
High technology
Technology- oriented innovation
Innovative product
Western perceptions
KAIZEN-oriented product
People- oriented KAIZEN
Low technology KAIZEN
Japanese perceptions
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Figure 2.9 Upcoming Japanese product perceptions
Technology Level
Preferred Process
Product
Technology-oriented innovation
Technology-oriented innovation
High technology
Technology-oriented KAIZEN
Technology-oriented innovation
Technology-oriented innovation
Low technology