4G: The End of the Intelligent Network

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4G The End of the Intelligent Network

• Dana blair (dblair_at_cisco.Com)
• 678-352-2789

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Pre-4G Intelligent Network

• Current mobile wireless infrastructure is the
  last outpost of the Intelligent Network
• Service delivery centered around SS7/IS-41/GSM
  MAP intelligent nodes within the network
• 1G is POTS over the air
• 2G/2.5G/3G is ISDN over the air

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Pre-4G Intelligent Network

• Every digital wireless phone is an ISDN phone
  with handoff and paging
• Voice service deployment with 3G is equivalent to
  service deployment with ISDN
• ISDN was unsuccessful in deployment of new voice
  services and integrated voice/data.
• However, 3G has cracked open the door with SIP
  and IPv6 endorsement

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2G to 4G Voice Delivery
Base StationController
Mobile Switching Center(MSCA)
2G
BTS
ISDN w/ handoff
Circuit
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3G View of SIP

• ISDN call model with SIP protocol instead of
  Q.931
• Replace SS7/IS-41/GSM MAP application development
  with SIP
• Voice call control performed by Intelligent
  Network nodes (CSCF, )
• Similar to ISDN voice and integrated voice/data
  service deployment model

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3G View of IPv6

• Need larger address space for billions of mobile
  devices
• Permanently assign an IPv6 address to every
  mobile device
• Global tromboning through Intelligent Network
  nodes
• Mobility managed through IP tunneling

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2G to 4G Data
Base StationController
Mobile Switching Center(MSCA)
V.110 NAS
2G
BTS
ISDN w/ handoff
PSTN
Circuit
3G data delivery is the same as 2.5G
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3G compared 2G/2.5G

• Multimode radio still needed
• Similar throughput, delay, reliability, QoS
  advantage
• Same ISDN call model
• Voice and Data continue to use seperately
  signalled channels
• Very similar service delivery model.

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4G What About Bandwidth ?

• How much energy can be squeezed into a cubic
  meter of air without damaging plants and animals
  ?
• Transmission rates are limited by the output
  power of the mobile device and human factors

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4G What About Bandwidth ?

• Battery technology improves
• Human factors do not change.
• Why does a microwave oven shut off immediately
  when the door is open ?
• Solution - decrease the distance from handset to
  receiver with greater base station density

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A View of 4G

• GSM/TDMA/EDGE/CDMA 2G/2.5G radios
• IP over 3G R99 ATM infrastructure
• SIP and IPv6 in the handset
• Optimal internet routing and handoff protocols
• Greater base station density improves bandwidth

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A View of 4G

• Seamless use of many radio protocols both
  licensed and unlicensed spectrum (802.11,
  bluetooth, cellular, )
• Integration of voice and data over the same
  transmission channel
• Integrated voice and data SIP-enabled applications