EU Action against Climate Change Concrete Actions, Solid Steps

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EU Action against Climate ChangeConcrete
Actions, Solid Steps
Montreal, December 2005

• Dr. Erasmia Kitou
• DG ENV Unit C.2 Climate, Ozone Energy

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EU and the Kyoto Protocol

• EU-15 have a reduction target under the Kyoto
  Protocol 8
• Burden Sharing agreement agreement to share the
  reduction target among the 15 Member States (MS)
  (Council Decision 2002/358/EC)
• 8 new MS have individual reduction targets of 8
• (6 Poland and Hungary, Cyprus and Malta
  non-Annex I countries)
• Member States report to the UNFCCC
• European Community reports to the UNFCCC

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EU Burden Sharing
Agreement
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EU 15
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EU 15 on track to meet its Kyoto target
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EU 15 / EU 25Projected Progress
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EU 25 in 2010
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Planned Use of Kyoto Mechanisms by MS(in
addition to company use!)
Almost 520 Million tonnes of CO2eq.
(2008-2012) Allocated resources thus far 2.7
billion
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Sectoral Progress
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Economic growth, Low environmental cost
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Concrete Actions against Climate Change

• European Climate Change Programme (ECCP)
• EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS)
• GHG Monitoring
• Multilateral negotiations
• Research
• International Partnerships
• Capacity Building
• Development Aid

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European Climate Change Program (ECCP) New
Opportunities for Progress
WG Reports/ PM analysed conclusions
Working groups - Emissions trading - Flexible
mechanisms - Energy supply - Energy demand -
end-use equipment - Transport - Industry -
Fluorinated gases - Research - Agriculture -
Sinks agr. soils - Forestry sinks

• ECCP Principles
• integration
• transparency
• stakeholder consultation
• group expertise
• build consensus

ECCP steering committee

• ECCP Approach
• reduction potential !
• cost-effective !
• cross-sectoral
• time frame for implem.
• co-benefits

Commission action plan
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Its happening now

• Nitrates Directive (1993)
• Energy Labelling (1996)
• Reduction of CO2 emissions-transportation (1998)
• GHG emissions industrial/agricultural
  installations (1999)
• Landfill emissions (2001)
• Promotion of renewable energy sources (2003)
• Taxation mineral oils, coal, natural gas and
  electricity (2003)
• Support schemes energy crops (2003)
• Motor Challenge program (2003)
• Promotion of biofuels- transportation (2005)

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ECCPs REAL Potential
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Upcoming actions

• Strategy waste prevention/recycling
• Action plan energy efficiency
• Energy performance of buildings
• Eco-design requirements for end-use products
• Promotion of end-use efficiency and energy
  services
• Charging of HDV for the use of road
  infrastructure
• Phase out of HFCs in car air conditioning
• Regulation on fluorinated gases

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ECCP I Review Lessons learned, Ways forward

• Working groups
• ECCP review of implementation
• energy supply
• energy demand
• transport
• agriculture forestry
• non CO2 gases in industrial, energy and waste
• ? policy paper

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ECCP II Yet more solid steps!

• Launched through a stakeholder conference on
  October 24th, 2005
• Working groups
• adaptation
• ? Green Paper on adaptation
• carbon dioxide capture and geological storage
• ? Communication
• aviation
• ? legislative proposal
• integrated approach on CO2 emissions of light
  duty vehicles
• ? revised Community strategy to reduce CO2
  emissions from light- duty vehicles.

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EU Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading

• Simple and transparent
• Market based instrument to reduce emissions
  (push-pull approach)
• Starts with known large emitters, measurable
  emissions
• Reduces compliance costs
• Based on and linked to other Community
  legislation (Integrated Pollution and Prevention
  Control IPPC Directive)
• Subsidiarity important role for Member States
• Building blocks easy to expand
• Lower costs guaranteed environmental outcome

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Scientific and Technical Research6th Research
Framework Program (2002-2006)

• 2 billion allocated to climate change-related
  research
• Connecting models to policy needs
• Evaluating the impacts and costs of climate
  change
• Achieving more sustainable energy systems
• Coordinating and harmonizing EOS (terrestrial,
  oceanic, atmospheric)
• International Cooperation
• 900 million sustainable energy systems
• 700 million global change and ecosystems
• 600 million sustainable surface systems

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7th Research Framework Program (2007-2013)

• 2.9 billion Energy
• 2.5 billion Environment
• 5.9 billion Transportation
• 4.2 billion Competitiveness and innovation
  Framework Program to support climate change
  policies

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Development Aid and Climate Change (million )
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Regional Initiatives- Capacity Building

• CARDS (113 million 2000-2004)
• Western Balkans
• TACIS program
• Economies in transition in Eastern Europe,
  Caucasus and Central Asia
• PHARE program
• 8 new MS, Romania and Bulgaria
• Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (30 million
  2002-)
• BASIC project ( 750,000)
• Brazil, South Africa, India, China
• Capacity building UNFCCC ( 750,000)
• Tuvalu, Cook Islands, Indonesia, Nepal
• Climate Change Capacity Development (C3D)

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Important Partnerships/Technology Transfer

• SYNERGY
• Finances co-operation activities with non-EU
  countries in the field of the formulation and
  implementation of energy policy
• EU-China Partnership
• EU-India Partnership
• Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF)
• International Partnership for Hydrogen Economy
  (IPHE)
• Other
• Phase II Regional Solar Program ( 73 million
  2001-2006)

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Energy initiatives/Technology Transfer

• EU Energy initiative ( 750 million)
• Poverty eradication and sustainable development-
  access to sustainable energy services
• Partnership dialogue facility
• Capacity building and partnerships in
  developing countries
• ACP-EU Energy facility ( 250 million)
• Access to modern energy services
  (Africa, Carribean and the Pacific)

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Education and awareness raising

• New Delhi Work Programme
• European Awards for the Environment
• Recognize outstanding contribution to climate
  change
• Subsidies to awareness raising projects
• (e.g., Power Switch, ZOOM)
• Climate Change Awareness Campaign
• Green Week
• Future climate change policies

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Post 2012 - EUs Strategy

• Build on Kyoto using its successful elements,
  including flexible Mechanisms
• Broaden participation
• Include more sectors and all gases
• Deploy and develop technologies
• Adapt to the effects of residual climate change

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Conclusion

• When there is a will there is a way