WELCOME TO

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WELCOME TO
California Geography

• Instructor
• Carol Jean Cox

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Introduction Overview

• Geography defined
• Concepts of Location
• Globes, Maps Map Basics
• Geographic Grid

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GEOGRAPHY

• Geo earth
• graphy to scribe, draw, or map

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GEOGRAPHY

• the science of location
• the study of spatial relationships,
  (context interconnectedness)

• an integrated science that uses
• knowledge from many disciplines

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DIVISIONS OF GEOGRAPHY
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TOPICAL VS. REGIONAL APPROACH TO STUDYING
GEOGRAPHY

• Topical or Thematic Studies
• climate
• vegetation
• landforms
• hydrology
• plate tectonics
• soils

• Regional Studies
• North America
• Africa
• East Asia
• USA
• California
• Sacramento region

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California Geography

• Geography The study of where things are.
• California A political unit with distinct
  boundaries, and territory
• California Geography the study of the location
  of, context and interaction of phenomenon within
  the state of California

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Northern Hemisphere Arctic Ocean North America
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Pacific Ocean
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Pacific Rim
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Western North America
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Introduction Overview

• Geography defined
• Concepts of Location
• Globes, Maps Map Basics
• Geographic Grid

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LOCATION

• Relative Location
• location relative to other locations
• situation
• Exact Location
• geographic grid (38 N 120 W)
• latitude longitude
• site
• Place Names
• labels for locations

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Introduction Overview

• Geography defined
• Concepts of Location
• Globes, Maps Map Basics
• Geographic Grid
• California Overview

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GLOBES MAPS

• Globe a spherical model of the earth that
  maintains area, shape distance direction
• Map a flat representation of a globe that
  allows distortion

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MAP BASICS

• Maps may show
• Shape of objects
• Area of objects
• Distance to Objects
• Direction

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MAP BASICS

• Maps must include
• Title
• Legend or Key
• Compass Rose
• Scale

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SCALE

• Scale the relationship between units on the map
  and actual distance on the ground
• Written Scale one inch equals one mile
• Linear Scale ----------------------------
• Ratio Scale 163,360

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Introduction Overview

• Geography defined
• Concepts of Location
• Globes, Maps Map Basics
• Geographic Grid

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Longitude
GEOGRAPHIC GRID A system of measurements from
reference points that allow us to locate
places
Latitude
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Geographic Grid
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GEOGRAPHIC GRID

• REFERENCE POINTS
• Equator - A great circle that divides the globe
  into two equal halves or hemispheres of north
  and south. Located at 0 latitude
• North and South Poles - located at right angles
  or 90 from the plane of the equator.

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GEOGRAPHIC GRID

• REFERENCE POINTS
• Prime Meridian The meridian, designated as 0
  E, W longitude, that passes through the Royal
  Observatory at Greenwich, England.
• International Date Line An arc that follows
  180 longitude E,W. When crossing the date
  line, the calendar is turned forward or
  backward one day, depending on direction of
  travel.

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Latitude - angular measurement north or
south of the equator

Longitude
GRID
GEOGRAPHIC
Latitude
N
s
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Longitude
w
E
GRID
GEOGRAPHIC
Longitude- angular measurement east or west of
England
Latitude
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Meridians are arcs used to




indicate longitude
GRID
Parallels are circular lines used to indicate
latitude
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Introduction Overview

• Geography defined
• Concepts of Location
• Globes, Maps Map Basics
• Geographic Grid

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California Geography

• Instructor
• Carol Jean Cox